Researchers discovered that nicotinic acid can dramatically reduce liver damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury. The compound targets damaged mitochondria, reducing markers of liver injury, suppressing inflammation, and promoting mitophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis.
A new study reveals that microplastics are impairing the oceans' ability to absorb carbon dioxide, a process crucial for regulating Earth's temperature. Microplastics also disrupt marine life, weaken the biological carbon pump, and release greenhouse gases as they degrade.
Scientists create natural surfaces with 3D nanowrinkles that control light, liquids, and living cells. The method uses laser polarization to guide the material's organization, enabling precise control over wrinkle formation and applications in bio-inspired surfaces and sensors.
Researchers created a calculator to assess multilingualism, using formulas that consider age of language acquisition and self-rated proficiency. The tool yields scores indicating language dominance and degree of multilingualism, offering a clear and transparent way to understand individual language strengths.
Researchers developed an injectable paste derived from human skin cells to restore breast volume after tumor removal, with less scarring and shorter healing time. The material promotes blood vessel growth and tissue remodeling while keeping inflammation low, making breast reconstruction safer and more accessible.
A CRISPR screen identified 331 essential genes for brain cell generation, including PEDS1 linked to a severe developmental disorder. The study provides a new approach to identifying genes involved in neurodevelopmental disorders like autism and offers insights into gene inheritance patterns.
A new clinical trial, RECIPROCAL, seeks to optimize targeted radiation therapy for men with advanced prostate cancer by adjusting treatment based on individual PSA levels. The trial aims to minimize side effects while preserving survival benefits.
Researchers at ISTA have found that the zebrafish embryo's geometry is essential for its development, guiding cell division and gene activation. The study's findings could improve IVF embryo assessments by understanding how the embryo interprets its geometry.
A new study found that a drug mimicking the hormone progesterone, megestrol, has anti-cancer activity when used with conventional anti-oestrogen treatment for women with breast cancer. This combination showed a greater decrease in tumour growth rates compared to those treated with an anti-oestrogen only.
The SHASAI project addresses cybersecurity risks in AI systems from design to real-world operation, combining secure hardware and software, risk-driven engineering, and real-world validation. The project will demonstrate its methods and tools in three diverse scenarios, supporting Europe's efforts to promote trustworthy AI.
A team of researchers successfully observed the birth and decay of a highly active solar region, known as NOAA 13664, over three solar rotations. The study provides new insights into the formation and effects of superactive regions on the sun, shedding light on their potential impact on Earth's technology and environment.
A new study from Duke University found that even mild stress before surgery can lead to delirium, uncontrolled pain, and longer hospital stays in older adults. Over 40% of patients reported moderate to high distress levels similar to those with advanced cancer.
A new synthesis of seismic research shows that AI combined with physical principles is rapidly transforming how scientists image the Earth's shallow and crustal structures. The study highlights the need for physics-guided AI frameworks that balance computational efficiency with interpretability.
Researchers have developed a new piezo-photocatalytic material that dramatically improves the removal of carbamazepine from water. The oxygen-doped MoS₂ catalyst achieves rapid and complete degradation within minutes, outperforming conventional photocatalytic approaches.
Insilico Medicine collaborates with Servier to develop novel therapeutics in oncology through AI-driven platform Pharma.AI. The partnership is focused on identifying promising targets and generating molecular structures with desired properties.
Recent advances in CAR-NK cell therapy have expanded its applicability across hematological malignancies, solid tumors, autoimmune diseases, and infectious conditions. CAR-NK cells offer a unique balance between efficacy and safety, with potential applications in cancer and immune-related diseases.
Recent advances in maternal vaccines and long-acting monoclonal antibodies have broadened the scope of RSV prevention, reducing disease burden and improving infant survival outcomes. The expert panel concludes that both strategies demonstrate strong benefit–risk profiles when used appropriately.
A team at East China Normal University directly observes femtosecond-scale quantum coherence transfer from an external laser field to microcavity exciton-polaritons. The study confirms that decoherence in the exciton reservoir is key to losing original coherence.
Researchers have developed a novel class of biomass-derived carbon dots that selectively eradicate Staphylococcus aureus in water. The nanomaterials preferentially bind to pathogen-specific cell wall components, triggering localized oxidative stress and membrane damage while sparing non-target bacteria. This approach offers a sustainab...
A new study has found that membrane filtration is a superior method for collecting submicron aerosols, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The research provides practical guidance for accurate airborne pathogen monitoring in hospitals, schools, and other high-risk indoor environments.
The study reveals that SMX enhances nitrous oxide emissions, which are nearly 300 times more potent than carbon dioxide. This increase occurs due to the suppression of nitrogen removal and stimulation of incomplete denitrification in sediments, leading to a significant impact on coastal ecosystems.
The study identifies profound immune dysregulation, chronic inflammation, and impaired cytotoxic function in lymphatic malformations. A Shared CD14⁺CD16⁺ Monocyte Expression Program (SMEP) is uncovered, pinpointing S100A8 as a key druggable target for therapeutic intervention.
The liver's unique immune tolerance is driven by peptide hormones and bile acids, which activate anti-inflammatory responses and foster a tolerogenic phenotype in resident immune cells. This mechanism may explain the liver's reduced rates of transplant rejection but also poses challenges for treating liver infections.
This study reveals how lipid metabolism dysregulation promotes colorectal cancer liver metastasis through a novel YTHDF3-mediated mechanism. Lipid deposition enhances YTHDF3 expression, leading to its degradation and reduced PPARα, which decreases fatty acid oxidation metabolites.
A recent study reveals that FPR2 activation regulates the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and transit-amplifying cells, leading to improved epithelial repair. The study also identified a potential therapeutic target for intestinal damage, highlighting the therapeutic potential of FPR2 agonists.
Plant-derived compounds interfere with bacterial quorum sensing to reduce human bacterial pathogens and antibiotic resistance in agricultural soils. The study shows that plant extracts can substantially reduce risks posed by these microbes by disrupting their communication and sharing harmful traits.
Researchers propose that self-sabotaging behaviors like procrastination and perfectionism are rooted in the brain's survival instincts. By processing underlying emotional pain, individuals can break free from self-sabotage loops through self-compassion.
The study investigates regional mechanical variability in porcine pia–arachnoid complex (PAC) using a region-by-region, multi-scale design. Regional differences in mechanical properties are linked to biochemical distributions via two-photon imaging and RNA-seq.
The review explores how multiplayer games, social robots, and virtual agents can advance artificial empathy in therapy and healthcare by embedding interpersonal interaction. It highlights the need for deeper, more seamless closed-loop interaction and emphasizes the importance of emotion recognition, trust, engagement, and rapport.
Autumn straw returning reduces airborne diseases like northern leaf blight by 12.24%, while spring returning is more effective against soil-borne ear rot. The optimal depth for soil-borne pest control is 45 cm, with a combination of full-amount and autumn returning being most beneficial for yield.
HALIMA, a hybrid array for lifetime measurement of neutron-rich nuclei at IMP, enables precise sub-nanosecond measurements using the four-fold FF/β-Ge-LaBr <sub>3 </sub>(Ce)-LaBr <sub>3 </sub>(Ce) coincidence technique. The system reduces Compton continuums and enhances selectivity via fission fragments implantation.
Researchers analyzed brain connectivity data to understand how the brain integrates fast and slow signals. They found that differences in neural timescales across individuals vary in their cognitive abilities.
Jundong Li, an associate professor at the University of Virginia, has received the 2025 Tao Li Award for his significant contributions to data mining and machine learning. His research focuses on developing models that can extract actionable insights from structured data, particularly graphs.
Mircea Stan, a University of Virginia professor, has been awarded the National Academy of Inventors fellowship for his innovative work on low-power computer technology. His contributions have enabled significant energy savings and improved performance in electronic systems.
A recent study by Alice Carter reveals that filamentous algae blooms in the Upper Clark Fork River have a minimal impact on the river's metabolism and function. Instead, smaller epilithic algae are quietly driving the ecosystem, producing healthy conditions for the food web.
Rebuilding coral reef fisheries can help fight global hunger and improve nutrition by increasing sustainable fish yields by nearly 50%. Countries with higher malnutrition indexes can benefit most from recovered reef fish stocks, which could provide enough servings for several million people annually.
A study published in Neurology found that people with weaker and more fragmented circadian rhythms, as well as those who experience a later peak of activity, have an elevated risk of dementia. The study involved over 2,000 participants and followed them for three years to track the development of dementia.
Researchers identify two archetypes of growth arrest that lead to persistence: regulated and disrupted states. The former provides protection from antibiotics, while the latter is marked by vulnerabilities, particularly impaired cell membrane stability. This distinction has significant implications for developing targeted therapies.
Researchers at EPFL developed thermal paper coatings using lignin, a major component of wood, which have low or no toxic signatures. The new formulations match commercial thermal paper performance while showing improved safety profiles.
Researchers used dosage-sensitive genes to detect whole-genome duplication events in ancient angiosperm evolution. Their findings suggest a single ancestral WGD event in seed plants, rather than two independent events, with no additional WGD occurring during angiosperm evolution.
A team of anthropologists offers powerful evidence that Sahelanthropus tchadensis, a seven-million-year-old fossil, was bipedal. The analysis confirmed the presence of traits essential for walking upright, including a femoral tubercle and gluteal muscles. This finding suggests that bipedalism evolved early in our lineage.
Scientists reconstructed ancient genomes of Human betaherpesvirus 6A and 6B from archaeological human remains, confirming their integration into the human genome thousands of years ago. The findings suggest that HHV-6A lost its ability to integrate into human DNA over time.
Researchers found that tangled or irregular collagen at old uterine scars breaks down normal boundary between uterus and placenta, creating permissive environment for abnormal attachment. Persistent inflammation and immune cells also interfere with normal scar remodeling.
Researchers create a novel mathematical framework to control biological noise, enabling precise single-cell control. The 'Noise Robust Perfect Adaptation' technology suppresses stochastic fluctuations while maintaining stable average behavior, with promising applications in cancer therapy and synthetic biology.
A cohort study found that most children received their first dose of MMR vaccine on time, but the proportion not receiving it by age 2 has increased. Children who missed early vaccinations were more likely to not receive any MMR vaccine by age 2.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital created CHANGE-seq-BE to evaluate the activity and specificity of base editors, a genome editing technology, ensuring safety and accuracy. The technique outperformed conventional approaches and has already been used in clinical work.
A population-based study found that US preterm birth rates have increased among low-income households, with racial disparities exacerbating the issue. The study highlights the need to address racism in reducing preterm birth disparities.
Researchers have developed new PET imaging tracers to detect and treat colorectal, thyroid, and lymphoma cancers. The tracers enable targeted radiation delivery, personalized dosing, and improved detection of inflammation in large blood vessels and liver lesions.
A University of Toronto-led study has discovered a potential biomarker linked to multiple sclerosis disease progression that could help identify patients most likely to benefit from new drugs. The findings were validated in both mouse models and humans, suggesting a possible surrogate marker for leptomeningeal inflammation.
A study found that many Norwegian mothers do not attend postnatal check-ups, with women citing a lack of information about the service and fear of discussing sensitive topics. The study suggests that providing clear information and supporting women in discussing their birth experiences could improve attendance rates.
Quick clay's instability is caused by salt ions washing out, making it prone to catastrophic landslides. Researchers aim to find more environmentally friendly stabilization methods using molecular dynamics simulations.
Researchers have discovered a new method for generating highly stable and precise microwave signals through self-induced superradiant masing. This phenomenon produces long-lived bursts of microwave emission without external driving, paving the way for technological advances in fields like medicine, navigation, and quantum communication.
Two studies found that elevated bacteria levels in tumors weaken immune response, driving resistance to immunotherapy. Researchers are now exploring how to identify patients most likely to benefit from immunotherapy and develop targeted interventions to restore its effectiveness.
A study demonstrates how optimized genomic prediction models can reliably forecast complex agronomic traits in rapeseed. The research achieves high prediction accuracy for multiple economically important traits, particularly flowering time and yield components.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a new therapeutic approach that converts dormant immune cells inside tumors into potent anticancer agents. By reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages, they created CAR-macrophages that recognize and kill cancer cells while activating surrounding immune responses.
Scientists at Lund University have created a new method to directly reprogram glial cells into parvalbumin neurons, which can help regulate brain activity and potentially treat disorders such as schizophrenia and epilepsy. The breakthrough could lead to therapies that replace lost or damaged brain cells in the future.
This study showcases the potential of MOF–NP composites to accelerate key nitrogen electrochemical reactions under mild conditions. The analysis highlights how these hybrid materials improve reaction selectivity, stabilize intermediates, increase Faradaic efficiency, and support strong long-term durability.
Lattice-anchored iridium enhances metal-oxygen covalency and preserves structural integrity under harsh acidic conditions, while Ir at surface hollow sites degrades cobalt and oxygen migration. Long-term tests show improved stability for lattice-anchored iridium OER catalysts.
Researchers developed a methylurea-assisted electrolyte that forms a robust solid electrolyte interphase directly on the zinc surface, dramatically improving zinc reversibility. This engineered SEI enables long-life anode-free zinc batteries with unprecedented cycling life and exceptional durability.
Researchers developed a kinetic activation strategy to regulate in-plane transition-metal ion migration and trigger controlled local structural rearrangements. This approach enabled reversible lithium storage beyond the long-standing 1.1 stoichiometric limit, reaching 348 mAh g⁻¹.