The new guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for 26 diseases, including pigmentary disorders and skin rejuvenation. The guideline aims to standardize clinical practice in laser and aesthetic medicine, improving treatment outcomes and safety.
Researchers at Garvan Institute of Medical Research discovered key immune cells malfunction in mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD), a rare but devastating autoinflammatory disorder. Current treatments targeting inflammatory signals produced by macrophages fail in half of patients, but JAK inhibitors may provide relief.
A large cohort study found a modestly increased risk of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy associated with GLP-1 receptor agonist use. In contrast, SGLT2 inhibitor use was not linked to an increased risk. The findings warrant heightened vigilance for GLP-1 RA users.
Researchers have captured an unprecedented view of gene transcription by observing RNA polymerase mid-reaction. The findings provide a universal blueprint for gene expression and clarify how the enzyme initiates its core reaction through a water-mediated mechanism.
The LHAASO collaboration has detected ultra-high-energy (UHE) gamma rays from a gamma-ray binary system, LS I +61° 303. The discovery suggests that high-energy protons are accelerated and collide with the dense surrounding stellar wind, producing these UHE gamma rays. This finding provides critical evidence for gamma-ray binaries as po...
A new study found that targeted maternal screening can prevent adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, a rare and aggressive cancer caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1. The research identified high disease rates among non-Hispanic Caribbean-born US residents, particularly in Florida and New York.
Researchers have discovered a new weight-loss mechanism that eliminates the need for GLP-1, reducing gastrointestinal side effects and increasing treatment tolerability. This breakthrough offers hope for patients who struggle with adverse reactions to existing obesity medications.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center discovered that enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis reshapes intestinal cell metabolism to support its growth, causing diseases like diarrhea and colorectal cancer. The study provides new possibilities for intervention by targeting metabolic interactions between host and microbes.
Researchers propose atomically dispersed U−O−Ti bimetallic active sites for high-efficiency PEC OER catalysis, achieving a 3.82-fold enhancement compared to pristine TiO2. The material exhibits excellent structural stability and operational safety.
Researchers have developed a non-toxic, stretchy hemp-derived thermoplastic that can extend up to 1,600% of its size. The material has a high glass transition temperature, making it suitable for producing transparent plastic films, coatings, and other common materials currently made from petroleum-based materials.
New models reconstruct the movement of faults during the 8.8 magnitude Kamchatka earthquake, revealing limited shallow rupture and affecting tsunami risk. The study provides valuable insights into predicting giant earthquakes and protecting coastal communities.
Researchers developed an interfacial buffering strategy to address solvent-induced damage in pseudo-planar heterojunction organic solar cells, achieving a power conversion efficiency of 20.21%. The buffer layer preserves the structural integrity of the donor layer and maintains a well-defined heterojunction interface, facilitating effi...
Researchers developed a highly homogeneous population of stem cell memory T cells that exhibit superior expansion and persistence, enabling complete responses at low doses. The study showed a favorable tolerability profile and demonstrated the separation between beneficial effects and toxic consequences.
Researchers used cryo-electron microscopy to visualize individual water molecules and metal ions within RNA polymerase II, revealing their active role in DNA transcription. The study provides a new understanding of how genetic information is read and expressed, challenging the traditional 'protein-centered' view.
Termites became the backbone of tropical ecosystems after two diversification pulses following global extinctions. The traits that define modern termites, such as soil-eating and fungus agriculture, emerged in distinct pulses about 30 million years apart, according to a new study published in Current Biology.
Researchers have identified a gene, eIF4G2, crucial for keeping adult intestinal stem cells stable and functional. The study reveals that the gene plays a vital role in regulating protein production and maintaining stem cell identity.
Researchers found that suppressing the Integrated Stress Response (ISR) pathway in fruit flies extended their lifespan. The study contradicts previous theories suggesting mild stress might increase longevity. By understanding how ISR affects aging, scientists may develop pharmacological treatments to slow down the aging process.
A new study from Karolinska Institutet found that small abnormalities in blood sugar, lipids, and inflammation years before pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of high blood pressure during pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. The findings may contribute to earlier risk assessment and preventive measures.
A study analyzing 2,668 angiosperm species found that evolutionary relationships explain the largest share of variation in fruit volume. Climate influences this pattern, with temperature modulating phylogenetic constraints on fruit volume in different plant groups.
A new strategy has created 'living plastics' that self-destruct on command, using activatable microbes to break down material within a week. The breakthrough could lead to the development of triggerable spores in water to tackle plastic pollution.
The University of California and JMIR Publications have extended their institutional membership agreement, reinforcing a commitment to advancing open science. The multi-year extension supports over 450 articles published under the agreement, making open access publishing more equitable for UC researchers.
The University of Oldenburg is building a unique research facility to study animal navigation and magnetoreception. The NaviGate building will offer conditions worldwide for addressing current questions in animal navigation research, sensory biology, and neurosensorics.
The university generated an 8% increase in economic activity, creating 12,603 jobs statewide and supporting a regional economy of $1.69 billion. Binghamton University's expansion and student spending also contributed to the growth, with faculty members holding top degrees in their fields.
Snow cover on Greek mountains has declined by 58% over the past four decades due to rising temperatures. The research found that warmer air causes more precipitation to fall as rain instead of snow at high altitudes.
Researchers identified a new class of Streptomyces-produced toxins that are toxic to insects but not humans, with potential applications in medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. The discovery suggests ancient bacteria may have played a role in shaping human disease.
Researchers analyzed genetic data from 1.4 million women, identifying 80 genome regions linked to endometriosis. The study provides a comprehensive view of the disease's pathophysiology, highlighting its complexity and multiple contributing biological processes.
Researchers have developed a nanoscale tool that can capture and precisely position membrane proteins, essential for life and target of many modern medicines. The DNA Origami-Constrained Nanodiscs (DOC-NDs) approach combines two advanced techniques to create tiny structures that hold individual proteins with remarkable accuracy.
A new study reveals that wildfires in the Western US have decreased by 28% over the past three decades, with fires starting from natural causes declining more than those caused by humans. The findings suggest that higher population densities lead to fewer fires, while adding people to less populated areas makes blazes more common.
A physics-inspired model suggests that spending above $1.8 million in US House races leads to increased polarization without changing the election outcome. Below this threshold, social dynamics shape outcomes, while higher spending only deepens polarization.
Researchers developed a lattice-matching strategy to address charge transfer efficiency and selectivity issues in traditional photoelectrocatalytic systems. The resulting composite photoanodes achieve high DHA selectivity and glycerol conversion rates, demonstrating strong potential for industrial application.
A new study from Virginia Tech found that task switching in transplant surgeries increases one-year mortality rates by 14.8 percent, highlighting the need for efficient scheduling and workflow changes to minimize risks. The research also suggests that recovery time and surgeon experience level can mitigate these effects.
A new study uses local news to assess wildlife poaching in Romania, revealing the roe deer as the most frequently poached mammal. The research highlights a darker side of human-wildlife conflict and underscores the need for community mindset shift and policy reform.
A new photocatalytic system with enhanced activity for benzimidazole synthesis and H2 production has been developed. The defect-engineered Pt/Nb2O5-VO photocatalyst promotes dehydrogenation of ethanol to form radicals, which then facilitate the selective synthesis of desired products.
A new tool can predict an individual's risk of developing 18 obesity-related diseases, identifying those at highest risk for earlier intervention. The OBSCORE model uses 20 commonly collected health measures to provide a more accurate and personalized way to identify individuals at higher risk.
Researchers at CUNY ASRC have uncovered a metabolic switch that influences the formation of myelinating cells, helping shape brain development. The study reveals that glucose levels act as a signal directing behavior during development and can be harnessed to protect myelin in the developing brain and promote repair in disease states.
The study demonstrates that the T1GRS tool can identify children and adults at high risk for Type 1 diabetes earlier than current methods, enabling preventive measures before the disease develops. The researchers grouped individuals into four sub-types based on genetic features, each with unique clinical profiles and outcomes.
A new UN Women report reveals that online violence and deepfakes are pushing women out of public life, with alarming rates of mental health diagnoses and self-censorship. The study also found that law enforcement is often failing to provide justice for survivors, highlighting the need for effective education and training.
A new universal model explains and guides energy level alignment in perovskite solar cell interfaces using hole-collecting monolayers, enabling optimized interfacial energy levels and reduced development time. The study provides practical guidance for designing materials with improved performance for emerging solar technologies.
A new catalyst developed by Soochow University researchers exhibits a remarkable C2+ Faradaic efficiency of 80.3%, outperforming other Cu-based catalysts. The introduction of carbene species enhances the tandem synergy, increasing surface coverage of CO intermediates and facilitating C-C coupling reactions.
Research suggests that vaping is associated with increased odds of quitting smoking, but this relationship may not be true for everyone. Daily vape use was a stronger predictor of successful cessation than intermittent or no use.
The American Thoracic Society has launched a quality improvement initiative to tackle the underdiagnosis of bronchiectasis in the US. The study aims to investigate the scope of the problem and drive meaningful change in how the disease is identified and managed.
A team of researchers has identified a key mechanism in the degeneration of motor neurons in ALS, revealing that chaperone-mediated autophagy is significantly reduced in patients. This finding suggests that this cellular system may be a potential therapeutic target to slow disease progression.
Researchers found that camels have a more flexible and coordinated response to heat stress, allowing them to maintain stability even at higher temperatures. In contrast, human cells tend to respond in a more rigid way, making them less adaptable under heat stress.
Researchers identify previously unknown 'in-between' materials that can be used to design better solar fuels, batteries, and catalysis materials. The study reveals a series of hidden intermediate stages during heating, opening up new opportunities for material discovery and development.
A new study found that fur seals' heart rate peaks six to eight hours after returning to land, indicating a delayed recovery from the physiological costs of foraging at sea. This suggests that seals use their time onshore to actively recover and replenish oxygen stores.
Research suggests that cultural foreignness stereotypes can lead to job discrimination against Asian, Arab and Latino American applicants. In experiments, participants rated these groups as less hirable than Black American candidates with similar resumes.
Researchers discovered that interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) occur in a predictable pattern, unfolding sequentially in individual neurons. Nearly 80% of IED-involving neurons are also involved in language and perception, suggesting the brain blips can derail cognition.
Kim Slusser, Ph.D., R.N., is appointed as the institution’s inaugural chief nurse executive, overseeing over 5,400 nurses. She will champion innovation and compassion to deliver patient-centered care and foster interdisciplinary collaboration.
A new method generates physically synthesized data for defect segmentation, outperforming data-driven methods due to its ability to capture geometric variations. Adding only a few real images significantly improves performance.
A new study published in Ecosphere found that drones do not disturb whale sharks when flown directly above them. Researchers attached motion-sensing tags to 13 whale sharks and compared their behavior with periods where no drone was flying overhead, revealing no evidence of disturbance.
Embryos can tolerate disruption of cell division at certain stages of development, particularly during the gastrula phase where a mechanism called the spindle assembly checkpoint helps them withstand misaligned chromosomes. Disruptions during other stages, such as the pre-gastrula period, are more deadly and lead to defects.
Researchers have developed an electrically switchable continuous phase liquid crystal Fresnel zone plate, enabling efficient focus control for augmented reality headsets, compact cameras, and adaptive optical instruments. The device achieves a 80% increase in focal intensity compared to traditional binary Fresnel lenses.
A comprehensive systematic review of liver fluke transmission models offers insights into the factors driving these diseases. Key findings reveal that humans play a critical role in sustaining infections, and that international fish trade significantly impacts infection distribution patterns.
Climate change is linked to an increased risk of strokes and mortality, particularly from extreme heat. The World Stroke Organization emphasizes the need for reducing greenhouse gas emissions to mitigate this threat. Experts recommend promoting clean energy, plant-rich diets, and active transport to reduce stroke risk.
A USC team has created a neuroprosthetic device that can restore coordinated bladder control in small animal models, proof of concept for a future treatment that could transform lives after spinal cord injuries. The device targets the dorsolateral funiculus region of the spinal cord to mimic the natural signals that trigger the need to...
A comprehensive bibliometric analysis of 55 years of Lassa virus research has uncovered significant disparities in scientific output between high-income and endemic countries. The study highlights a persistent shortage of studies addressing environmental factors influencing viral spread, underscoring the need for a strategic shift towa...
The study reveals critical gaps in Brazil's veterinary antimicrobial stewardship, compared to the UK and Netherlands' comprehensive monitoring systems. Brazil's fragmented approach makes it difficult to detect trends and respond to emerging resistance threats.
A national survey of Australian tunnel construction workers found significant silica dust exposure risks, with many reporting barriers to effective dust control measures. The study calls for stronger regulatory enforcement and oversight to prevent preventable disease in the high-risk industry.
A Duke-NUS study shows that pairing a web-based decision-aid with counselling significantly shifts patients' decisions towards conservative management, which focuses on symptom relief and quality of life. The myKIDNEY app reduced patients' decisional conflict and raised awareness of conservative management as an accepted alternative to...
A new study from the University of Oxford suggests that losing a parent in adulthood can have lasting effects on earnings and mental health. Women with young children experience a larger earnings decline due to the loss of informal childcare.