To grow food on Mars, researchers find that alfalfa plants can fertilize the natural soil and marine cyanobacteria can desalinate the high salt water

Researchers decoded the genetic foundation of root system architecture in alfalfa, identifying 60 significant genetic markers and 19 high-confidence candidate genes. These discoveries pave the way for breeding next-generation alfalfa varieties with robust root systems.

Researchers found that acid-modified and alkaline biochars helped reduce stress from saline-alkali soil, improving soil conditions and supporting alfalfa performance. Alkaline biochar promoted biomass growth, while acid-modified biochar improved soil chemistry and root defense in highly alkaline soils.

New research reveals alfalfa-almond intercropping reduces winter soil nitrate leaching and field water loss via evaporation. The practice can capture and convert nitrogen losses into revenues for almond farmers during the non-productive winter season.

Scientists have developed a new chromosome identification system for alfalfa, revealing unexpected chromosomal anomalies such as aneuploidy and large segment deletions. The breakthrough enhances molecular cytogenetics and paves the way for more precise breeding strategies.

The SWRI and UT San Antonio experiment will test the Mars Atmospheric Reactor for Synthesis of Consumables (MARS-C) in partial gravity environments. The MARS-C is designed to produce fuel, oxygen, and life-support compounds using local resources on Mars.

Researchers suggest that seabirds were used to fertilize Peru's Chincha Valley as early as 1250 CE, potentially supporting the growth of a pre-Inca society. This ancient practice could have played a significant role in the region's agricultural development.