Researchers analyzed the impact of continental free trade and agricultural development on Africa's food security. They found that combining both approaches can improve trade balances, reduce hunger, and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.
A study of 3,637 Indian farmers found that COVID-19 disrupted agricultural labor and supply chains, but didn't lead to a significant increase in sustainable farming practices. Despite this, many farmers expressed interest in learning more about sustainable methods.
A West Virginia University researcher highlights the risks of sharing children's information on social media, including consent and privacy issues, as well as increased vulnerability to online predators. The study suggests that parents should be aware of these risks and take steps to protect their children's digital footprint.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have made significant progress in understanding high-temperature superconductivity. Their studies found that about 50% of superconductivity can be attributed to a 1966 theory, but the reality is more complex. The researchers also discovered that antiferromagnetic fluctuations play a crucial rol...
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a process to break down two major classes of PFAS compounds into benign end products using low temperatures and common reagents. The technique could be a powerful solution for disposing of these harmful chemicals linked to various health effects in humans, livestock, and the environment.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that surgical volumes remained significantly lower than pre-pandemic levels despite a full recovery of nonurgent procedure volumes after vaccination. This has resulted in more advanced disease states and poorer outcomes for patients when they finally receive treatment.
Researchers have successfully increased soybean plant efficiency, resulting in greater yields without losing quality. The study aims to improve global food production by improving photosynthetic efficiency in food crops for smallholder farmers.
A study examining the link between pesticide exposure and thyroid cancer risk found that 10 out of 29 reviewed pesticides were associated with an increased risk. Exposure to paraquat dichloride was consistently linked to thyroid cancer, while higher numbers of pesticides over a 20-year period proportionally increased risk.
Dr. Varun Dwaraka will present his latest research on epigenetic clocks and their use as a diagnostic tool for various disease states, including aging. The presentation highlights recent clinical trial insights from the use of epigenetic clocks to test pharmacologic and clinical interventions.
Researchers used machine learning to identify the key characteristics of gallium oxide, a complex material with five different crystal structures. The study provided a detailed understanding of the influence of structural disorder on its electronic structure, crucial for optimizing applications.
A study analyzing over 2 billion Reddit comments found that 16.11% of users publish toxic posts and 13.28% of users publish toxic comments, with a positive correlation between community growth and increased toxicity
A study of 57 people with mild COVID-19 found that the average duration of infectiousness was five days, and two-thirds of cases remained infectious for at least five days after symptoms began. Lateral flow tests can safely shorten self-isolation by identifying when someone is no longer contagious.
A new study highlights five critical challenges in wildfire research, including promoting coordinated research and drawing on diverse sources of knowledge. The authors emphasize the need for a more proactive fire research agenda to create safe communities and ecosystems.
Researchers at Hokkaido University propose two novel hypotheses to address the 'two-fold cost of sex' in sexual reproduction. The first hypothesis suggests that meiosis eliminates harmful mutations through a process known as the 'seesaw effect.' The second hypothesis proposes that anisogamy evolved through 'inflated isogamy,' where lar...
Research by the Alfred Wegener Institute found that low-frequency noise from human activities stresses crustaceans, mussels, and worms on the seafloor, impacting their ability to transform sediment and maintain ecosystem function. This could have far-reaching consequences for nutrient cycling and food availability in marine ecosystems.
A new UCLA-led study has identified multiple new risk genes for Alzheimer's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) by combining new testing methods. The researchers used high-throughput testing to simultaneously test 5,706 genetic variants in 25 loci associated with Alzheimer's and nine loci associated with PSP.
Visual acuity testing at home and in a clinical setting have been compared for their accuracy and feasibility. The study found that both methods produced similar results, but the home-based test was faster and more convenient.
A University of Virginia researcher has received a $1.8 million NIH grant to develop polymers that can deliver peptides as medicine, overcoming limitations such as short duration and toxicity. The project aims to create new therapeutic formulations using polymer biomaterials, which have endless design possibilities.
Advanced cervical cancer rates have been rising in the US, with a significant increase among White women and higher prevalence among Black women, particularly those in their mid-to-late 50s. The study found that obesity and older age at first birth may contribute to the rise in this type of cervical cancer.
Scientists have discovered new magnetic interactions in TbMn6Sn6, a Kagome layered topological magnet, which could be used to customize electron flow and reduce energy loss. The material's unique structure and electronic band structure make it an ideal candidate for quantum computing, magnetic storage media, and high-precision sensors.
Researchers have uncovered new evidence of a liquid-liquid phase transition in water, where molecules form 'entangled' arrangements at low temperatures. This finding has significant implications for understanding the physics of water and could pave the way for new experiments to validate the theory.
Researchers have successfully engineered human immune cells to model an infection common among immunocompromised people, paving the way for new drug testing and treatments. The immune cell type created played a key role in infection, inflammation, and regeneration, but also served as a natural host for germs.
Researchers at Rice University have developed cells that can store and process information similar to computer RAM. The cells will be programmed to synthesize redox-active molecules that carry information to and from the outside world, allowing for quick read and write capabilities.
Lou Hawthorne will present his latest research on clearing progeronic soluble factors using NaNots at the conference. The study aims to develop treatments for major diseases such as cancer and inflammatory conditions like sepsis and 'inflamm-aging'.
Researchers found that mosquitoes have co-expressed receptors in their neurons, allowing them to detect multiple types of human odors. This redundancy makes it difficult to eliminate mosquito attraction to humans using repellents or other methods.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine have discovered a molecular mechanism that drives the disease-causing effects of the most common genetic risk factor for lupus. The study suggests that targeting this new pathway could lead to the development of safe and effective treatments for SLE, an autoimmune disease that affects millions worldwide.
Researchers from Chung-Ang University have developed a novel device that uses respiration to power sensors in gas masks, allowing for a continuous electrical output. The device, called IVF-TENG, demonstrates potential applications in portable electronics and wireless data transmission.
Researchers at Stanford University have created a new chip architecture called NeuRRAM that performs AI computing directly within memory, reducing energy consumption and increasing efficiency. The chip has been tested on various AI tasks and shown high accuracy rates.
Researchers analyzed genetic data from nearly 43,000 people with autism and identified a novel group of inherited genes of moderate effect. The study shows that these genes contribute to autism through inherited variants and are associated with other neurodevelopmental disorders.
A study by UCSF found that routine depression screening in primary care increased rates from 40.5% to 88.8%, capturing previously undertreated groups. Screening disparities virtually disappeared for older patients, Black/African Americans, and non-English speakers.
A study of medieval Cambridge's Augustinian friary and local cemetery found that friars were almost twice as likely to be infected by intestinal parasites. The researchers suggest that the high infection rates among friars may have been due to their practice of manuring vegetable gardens with human faeces.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have developed a new type of lignin that can improve the strength and recyclability of carbon fibers. When combined with polyacrylonitrile, the lignin-based material has shown record-breaking tensile strength and enhanced mechanical properties.
Astronomers use telescopes to analyze light from distant worlds, but 'photobombing' can occur when nearby planets contaminate the view. Researchers propose methods to mitigate this effect, such as data processing and multiple telescope observations, to improve habitable planet detection.
Researchers examine pricing and brand equity implications of brands selling on one-party versus third-party online platforms. Brands may increase unit sales but compromise brand perceptions, while 3P platforms provide full control over pricing and product presentation.
Researchers at Northwestern University found that a thermometer-like brain circuit promotes midday siestas on hot days. The study, which used fruit flies as a model organism, identified absolute heat receptors in fly heads, leading to increased midday sleep in flies and potentially humans.
The new guidance provides a comprehensive approach to preventing unrecognised oesophageal intubation, addressing both technical and human factors. It recommends standardising carbon dioxide monitoring and pulse oximetry, using videolaryngoscopes for correct placement, and addressing stress-related management of crises.
A team of researchers from Osaka University developed an AI algorithm to predict the risk of mortality for trauma patients. They analyzed a large dataset of patient information and blood markers to identify critical factors that guide treatment strategies more precisely.
A new study from Cedars-Sinai researchers found that 56% of people infected with the Omicron variant were unaware they had COVID-19. The study suggests that a lack of infection awareness contributed to the fast spread of Omicron.
The BIAL Foundation's new call for grants increases the maximum support amount to €60,000 per project. The program supports research in Psychophysiology and Parapsychology, building on a history of funding over 1600 researchers from 29 countries.
A large-scale study by the University of Exeter found that incorporating genetic risk into GP triage processes can improve referrals for those in need, while avoiding unnecessary invasive biopsy investigations for those at low risk. This approach has the potential to significantly impact prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers used high-throughput sequencing to investigate the relationship between microorganisms and internal mildew in sunflower seeds. They found that Alternaria is the predominant mildew-causing pathogenic fungus and that low humidity conditions during storage can inhibit its growth.
Researchers at NUS developed a self-charging fabric-based 'battery' that can generate electricity from air moisture using sea salt as an absorbent. The device provides higher electrical output than conventional AA batteries and has long-lasting performance.
A circular economy model offers a new chance for innovation, integrating natural ecosystems, businesses, and public-private-partnership to reduce environmental pressure. The transition to circular economy utilizes the potential of waste by increasing recycling and reuse.
Using standing desks alongside other measures reduced office workers' sitting time by about an hour a day over one year, leading to small improvements in stress, well-being, and energy levels. A height-adjustable desk was three times more effective than the standard SWAL intervention in reducing sitting time.
A new prenatal test called STORK can determine if a fetus or embryo has the right number of chromosomes in under two hours, reducing time and cost. The test is about 10 times less expensive to process per sample and can improve treatment options for women trying to get pregnant.
Researchers identified a previously unidentified major shift in atmospheric flows from the North Atlantic as a result of a weakening jet stream. This shift has led to incorrect climate predictions for spring rainfall over northeast China, which is vital for the country's food security and the world's ability to feed itself.
Researchers deployed video cameras on Navy dolphins to study their hunting behaviors in San Diego Bay and the Pacific Ocean. The footage revealed the dolphins' prey preferences, hunting strategies, and even encounters with a sea snake.
Researchers at the University of Würzburg have found that fluoxetine and its analogue AKS466 can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus replication by trapping it in lysosomes and suppressing acid ceramidases, a new potential target for antiviral therapy.
Researchers studied 28 clades with 1,437 species in subtropical East Asian caves to understand biotic colonization. They found that climate changes and forest evolution drove colonization over time.
A study found that elevated blood levels of chemokine CXCL9 predict the risk of osteoporotic hip fracture in men. Researchers discovered a significant association between CXCL9 and hip fractures in a cohort of Chinese men, highlighting the potential for early interventions targeting CXCL9 to prevent hip fractures.
The NeuRRAM chip demonstrates wide range of AI applications with equivalent accuracy while reducing energy consumption by up to 70% compared to traditional compute platforms. It also supports various neural network models and architectures, enabling diverse AI applications on edge devices.
A research team developed a multi-emitting europium metal organic framework fluorophore for the visual detection of gallic acid in tea and fruit juice. The probe exhibited high sensitivity, fast response, and low detection limit, making it suitable for practical samples.
Researchers at Lund University have developed a new method for studying Huntington’s disease by reprogramming skin cells into aged neurons. The results show several defects that explain some of the disease mechanisms in neurons from patients with Huntington’s disease, including problems with protein breakdown and recycling. This innova...
A new study by Flinders University scientists highlights the importance of prey and habitat diversity for the coexistence of Australian snubfin and humpback dolphins. The research found that subtle differences in their habitat use and prey selection promote the coexistence of these ecologically similar dolphin species.
Researchers estimated long-term effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 infection and critical infections among 3.2 million South Korean adolescents. The study found high vaccine effectiveness in preventing severe illnesses.
Researchers found that frogs with few predators rely on escape strategies with large brains and conspicuous coloration, while those with many predators use camouflage with smaller brains. This study establishes a link between brain evolution and predator evasion strategies.
Cancer patients in rural areas experience higher mortality rates and are more likely to miss radiation appointments, leading to poorer overall survival. The study suggests that targeted support programs like patient navigation can help reduce disparities in cancer care.
A new study by researchers at University of California - Riverside found that the position of continents can have a devastating effect on deep ocean creatures. Continental movement can cause a sudden collapse in global water circulation, leading to a stark separation between oxygen levels in the upper and lower depths.
The University of Arizona professor is working with biomedical experts to explore the feasibility of using mmWave radar technology on falling detection and fall risk analysis. The NIH award supports a three-year study to investigate how well the technology can estimate fall risks, determine falls, and be accepted by senior citizens.
A new paper assesses hydraulic fracturing's impact on seismic hazards like microearthquakes. It found that preconditioning with hydraulic fracturing decreases the magnitude and frequency of induced tremors.