Articles tagged with Mathematical Modeling
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study published in PNAS details a mathematical model of the timing of phage-induced cell death, revealing high precision and counterintuitive insights into regulatory mechanisms. The research has implications for medicine and broader applications in chemical kinetics, ecological modeling, and statistical physics.
A mathematical model by Carl Bergstrom and colleagues explores the effect of publication bias on fact canonization in science. The study found that lower publication rates for negative results increase the risk of false canonization, but suggest that publishing more negative results could help minimize this risk.
Researchers propose new approaches to fight diseases using economic epidemiological modeling and Lagrangian approach, which consider unique factors of social and geographic patches
Researchers at Tomsk State University developed a universal method for calculating the most efficient operation of systems with incoming flow. This approach can be used to eliminate queues in shops and banks, as well as reduce mobile communication congestion during holidays.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to understand xenophagy, a key cellular defense mechanism against Salmonella. The model suggests testable hypotheses for novel treatment strategies.
Researchers aim to create highly personalized approach to treating cystic fibrosis by analyzing mucus hydration and clearance in patient nasal cells using nuclear imaging techniques. The study could lead to a more effective treatment, increased life expectancy, and improved quality of life for CF patients.
The study models coffee extraction in drip filter machines, considering bed dimensions, flow rates, and grind size distribution. Approximate solutions are used to relate brewing performance with coffee, water, and equipment properties.
Researchers developed mathematical models to simulate and improve group behavior, demonstrating the feasibility of predicting and controlling crowd movements. The approach involves reducing interactions to a small number of effective ones, allowing for forecasts and interventions in groups with generalized patterns of behavior.
A new methodology in the agri-food sector has been recognized with an international award for its potential to reduce resource consumption and improve productivity. The methodology uses a mathematical model based on Petri nets to optimize crop production and processing.
Researchers developed a method to ensure fractional order stochastic differential inclusions can be controlled. This breakthrough applies to complex systems like financial markets and quantum systems. The team demonstrated controllability for both convex and nonconvex cases, enhancing device design and functionality.
The book explores special functions series and convergence in complex plane, useful for pure mathematicians, applied scientists, and engineers. It provides a unified approach to analyzing enumerable families of Bessel and Mittag-Leffler functions and their generalizations.
Columbia scientists have developed a mathematical model that explains how the human brain lays down new memories without wiping out old ones. The model, which describes synapses as systems with multiple dials, increases storage capacity by an enormous factor and provides a framework for future studies of memory.
A team of researchers has built a mathematical model that describes the molecular events associated with the beginning stage of learning and memory formation. The study focuses on dendritic spines, which are dynamic structures changing in size, shape, and number during development and aging.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to investigate the impact of spatial structure on cooperation evolution. The study found that lattices can hinder cooperation, contrary to previous pairwise interaction-based theories.
A new study suggests that the risk of sports fans catching dengue fever during the Olympics is very low. According to mathematical modelling, only 23 tourists may bring home the illness and 206 catch it with no symptoms.
Researchers develop mathematical models to mimic bird navigation in turbulent thermals, revealing key environmental cues like vertical wind acceleration and torque. The study aims to guide the design of energy-efficient autonomous gliders.
A new study published in PLOS Computational Biology suggests that using a specific sub-type of human mesenchymal stem cells can reduce potential risks associated with this therapy. This finding could lead to improved treatment outcomes for heart failure patients, providing a safer alternative to existing therapies.
Researchers have identified comprehensibility as a key goal in model development, considering stakeholders' understanding of the modeling process. The article provides a holistic framework for comprehensibility in data science projects, prioritizing human needs and understanding.
Researchers analyzed animal and robot models to understand the evolution of the tail from water to land. They found that as surface slopes increased, tails became crucial for lateral movement, with significant benefits at steeper inclines.
A University of Miami research team created a mathematical model to investigate the role of sexual transmission in the spread and control of Zika. The study found that mosquito control remains the most important mitigation method, but sexual transmission increases the risk of infection and prolongs outbreaks.
A mathematical model of open-heart surgery simulates oxygen levels in rat kidneys, revealing vulnerability to hypoxia during surgery. The study sheds light on the causes of kidney injury and suggests potential strategies for prevention.
Researchers predict a low risk of dengue infection among foreign visitors to the Rio Olympics, with estimates suggesting as few as three symptomatic cases and potentially no asymptomatic infections at all. The predictions are based on sophisticated mathematical modeling techniques and data from Brazil's Health Ministry.
Researchers create simulation model to account for sphere roughness in experiments, enabling accurate measurements and electrical conductivity. The model predicts a sweet spot for optimal contact area, reducing friction and minimizing damage.
A team of researchers at Washington University in St. Louis has developed the first 3D multiscale mathematical model of uterine contractions, which may aid in predicting preterm birth. The model precisely replicates the electrical activity in the uterus during a contraction using data from magnetomyography measurements.
A dengue vaccine has the potential to substantially reduce disease burden if it induces long-lasting immunity. Researchers found that a durable vaccine, with booster doses, can reduce annual dengue incidence by up to 80% within five years.
A study of worldwide sleep patterns combines math modeling, mobile apps and big data to parse the roles society and biology each play in setting sleep schedules. Cultural pressures can override natural circadian rhythms, with effects showing up most markedly at bedtime.
Researchers designed an equilibrium model to understand the factors that contribute to lens comfort, revealing the importance of suction pressure, radial tension, and hoop tension. The study aims to improve contact lens design and comfort, potentially leading to novel applications like drug administration and sensory enhancement.
Researchers have developed a new model that allows them to monitor the molecular traffic inside a single cell. This is crucial for studying diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's, where faulty transport can be fatal.
Researchers found that the average number of tornadoes per outbreak increased by 50% from 1954 to 2014, while the total number of tornadoes remained largely unchanged. This suggests that tornadoes are increasingly clustered in outbreaks, making extreme events more likely.
Researchers estimate that the world can emit even less greenhouse gases than previously estimated if global warming is to be kept under control. The study suggests a carbon budget of 590-1240 billion tons of CO2 from 2015 onwards to limit warming to below 2°C.
Researchers developed a framework to address uncertainty in mathematical models by considering the effects of correlated parameters. This approach improves model predictability and reliability, with applications in fields such as catalysis, combustion, environmental sciences, and biology.
A new mathematical model predicts tunable gene expression levels in fruit fly embryos, and experimental results validate its accuracy. The study shows that enhancers can adapt to new transcription factors, enabling precise manipulation of gene expression.
A new IT system uses mathematical algorithms to predict crime patterns and optimize police patrols. This breakthrough aims to reduce crime rates and save human resources, strengthening crime prevention over suppression.
A recent study by University of Utah professor Reid Ewing found that urban sprawl significantly reduces upward mobility, particularly for children born into low-income families. The study showed that compact areas tend to have higher rates of social mobility compared to sprawling areas.
Researchers propose a stochastic differential equation model to simulate musical performance synchronization. The model accounts for internal tempo preservation, noise distraction, and phase correction.
A new mathematical model helps researchers predict the spread of dengue fever in urban areas by analyzing neighborhood conditions and human travel patterns. The SIR-Network model reveals that central neighborhoods are crucial hubs for transmission, emphasizing the need for countermeasures before epidemics peak.
Researchers assembled various models into a single equation to identify the variables controlling stripe formation. The integrated model predicts three main perturbations that can affect how stripes orient, including changes in production and parameter gradients.
Researchers at UTA have developed a new, personalized respiratory-motion system that captures images of the lung when it is depressed, providing clearer and more precise images of tumors. This technology promises to lead to improved and more precise radiation therapy for lung cancer patients.
A mathematical model developed by Duke researchers suggests that active surveillance could be a viable alternative to surgery and radiation for select patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The study found that older women and those with serious health problems may benefit from delayed treatment, while younger women may not. Th...
Researchers created a one-dimensional model of thrombus formation, similar to Tetris, and later expanded to a two-dimensional model. This allows them to study the dynamics of thrombus growth under various conditions, including damage to the vascular wall.
Researchers from Uppsala University implemented a Turing test to assess how good their mathematical models were at reproducing collective motion of real fish schools. Despite matching statistical properties, experts and public players could differentiate between simulated and real schools, highlighting areas for improvement.
Researchers from Kumamoto University and The University of Tokyo have elucidated the control of cellular movement during blood vessel formation, showing that tip cells and trailing cells move at different speeds and directions. This study provides new insights into the complex cellular motion involved in blood vessel proliferation.
A mathematical model of chicken walk patterns may help farmers predict and prevent the spread of disease in their flocks. By analyzing patterns of movement, researchers can identify high-risk areas and develop strategies to minimize losses.
A UCLA-led team developed a mathematical model to predict crime hotspots, which was tested in Los Angeles and Kent, England. The model accurately predicted crime locations more often than human analysts, leading to a significant reduction in crime rates in Los Angeles, with potential annual savings of $9 million.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have refined a mathematical model that simulates genetic mutations and their impact on cell division. The model's accuracy has been improved through laboratory experiments and is expected to be useful in understanding how certain mutations thrive and reproduce, particularly in the context of cancer.
Russian scientists confirm Turing reaction-diffusion model's predictions in insect corneas, revealing four main morphological patterns and their universal presence among arthropods. The findings demonstrate a promising future for designing artificial antireflective nanosurfaces.
A new general consumer-resource model spans centuries of food web models, capturing underlying structure and providing a framework for new models. This concept has far-reaching implications for fields like resource management, conservation, and agriculture.
Brown University professor George Em Karniadakis has been awarded the Ralph E. Kleinman Prize by SIAM for his contributions to applied mathematics, specifically in computational fluid dynamics and stochastic modeling. The $5,000 prize recognizes his research bridging high-level mathematics with practical applications.
A mathematical simulation model predicts ICU bed occupancy and optimizes resource allocation by considering patient admissions and length of stay data. This approach enables healthcare managers to make informed decisions about bed capacity and resource allocation.
A Virginia Tech scientist has developed a mathematical model that demonstrates bacteria can control the behavior of robots, opening up new possibilities in ecology, biology, and robotics. The model uses engineered gene circuits in E. coli to create a bacteria-robot system that exhibits unique decision-making behavior.
A study by Arizona State University researchers found that mass killings and school shootings in the US are contagious, with a contagion period of approximately 13 days. The analysis revealed that roughly 20-30% of such tragedies are inspired by previous events, highlighting the complex dynamics underlying these incidents.
Researchers at Saarland University have found that liquid films on fibers can slip faster than flow along the fiber, leading to faster droplet formation. The team's study has important implications for designing novel fiber coatings for water harvesting applications.
A new mathematical model investigates the impact of individual movement on infectious disease spread, finding that spatial dispersal can create up to nine stable equilibria. The study highlights the importance of considering both backward bifurcation and spatial mobility in epidemiology.
Researchers have discovered that ants' movements follow Gaussian and Pareto distributions, dictating their turns and direction. These findings have implications for coordinating micro-robots and optimizing cleaning processes.
A mathematical model proposes that parties form coalitions based on interactions with voters and constituents, analyzing the likelihood of coalition formation. The model accounts for eight different possibilities that can change over time.
HongKun Zhang will use the $100,000 award to work with colleagues in France and St. Louis on a mathematical conjecture arising in statistical mechanics. Her research aims to improve conceptual understanding of physical systems and predict their behavior.
Researcher David Queller and colleagues tested an alternative mathematical model to inclusive fitness theory, finding it equivalent in predictions. The model's assertions were disputed, with Queller arguing that varying relatedness undermines the Harvard authors' claims about eusociality.
Researchers at University of Malta develop a mathematical model to explain the unusual behavior of auxetic materials, which grow wider when stretched. The model has potential applications in biomedicine, catalysis, and smart materials for healthcare and beyond.
A study by Ting Qian and Richard Aslin shows that our brains are wired to detect patterns in data, even if they don't lead to correct conclusions. This tendency is built into cognitive processes, providing information on possibilities that might not have been considered otherwise.
Researchers at Rice University developed a model to quantify the last unknown characteristic of film formation. Hot monomers can make islands grow or knock other molecules off, affecting film properties.