Articles tagged with Mathematical Modeling
Researchers are developing numerical methods and mathematical models to support epidemiologists in understanding COVID-19 spread. They aim to answer key questions on the effectiveness of social distancing and quarantines, with funding from NSF.
A team of investigators at the University of Kansas is developing mathematical models to project how different interventions can stem the spread of COVID-19. The models will account for human behavior, such as public fear and adherence to disease-control measures.
Researchers cast doubt on the idea that the Justinianic Plague killed half of the Roman Empire's population. Using new mathematical models, they found it unlikely that any transmission route would have produced the described mortality rate and duration. The study highlights the importance of considering regional ecological and social p...
A new USC study proposes that a short regimen of immunosuppressant drugs applied early in the disease process may improve patient outcomes by delaying the adaptive immune response. This approach aims to prevent the interaction between the innate and adaptive immune responses, which can lead to a cytokine storm and tissue damage.
A Rutgers engineer has developed a mathematical model that accurately estimates the COVID-19 death toll in the United States, predicting approximately 68,120 cumulative deaths by late June 2020. The model shows high confidence in its predictions, with reported death totals closely matching its estimates.
Scientists developed a novel method to improve mathematical modeling of nanoscale materials, enabling faster calculations and more accurate predictions. The approach involves creating imaginary rigid grains, reducing bond numbers and computation time.
A recent study used a 10-year galaxy survey to test one of cosmology's pillars and provided a new approach to understanding the universe's growth. The research team demonstrated that denser clumps grew faster, while less-dense clumps grew more slowly.
Researchers have identified two scenarios in which minority languages can survive: linguistic diversity and mixed speaker populations. By applying mathematical modeling, the authors propose a new framework for understanding language coexistence, shedding light on the complexities of minority language preservation.
A new model developed by Arizona State University researcher Adam Lampert suggests that countries should work together to control the spread of harmful species, including diseases like COVID-19. The model indicates that in some cases, a clear division of labor may be necessary, while in others collaboration is more effective.
A mathematical model produced more realistic estimates of COVID-19 cases by incorporating population density, age distribution, and transmission probability. The model suggested significant underreporting in various countries, including Italy, South Korea, and Spain, highlighting the need for improved testing and data reporting.
A new mathematical model, developed by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University and Princeton University, uses information theory to improve epidemiological predictions. The model takes into account the evolutionary changes of both disease and information, allowing for more accurate predictions of epidemic spread.
Researchers Amandine Aftalion and Emmanuel Trélat found that shorter straights and larger radii can improve running performance. Their mathematical model predicts that these track designs could potentially break long-standing records, with improvements of up to 4 hundredth of a second.
Researchers at Uppsala University and the University of Leeds present a new mathematical model explaining patterns of diversity in the fossil record. The model shows that ancestral forms are typically few in number and quickly go extinct, while modern groups diversify rapidly.
A study estimates that Pakistan needs a significant investment of $3.9 billion to achieve the World Health Organization's target for eliminating Hepatitis C virus (HCV) by 2030. This would involve screening or re-screening 36 million people annually and treating 660,000 each year, with regular follow-ups to identify new infections.
Researchers at the University of Washington developed a mathematical model that describes how rotating detonation engines work. The model allows engineers to determine whether an engine is stable or unstable and assess its performance. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and lightweight spacecraft.
A new study finds that educating growers about the effectiveness of control strategies is key to combating plant pathogens. Researchers coupled a mathematical model with human behavior data from a survey of growers, highlighting the importance of maintaining frequent engagement and trust.
A team from Universitat Rovira i Virgili developed an algorithm that makes accurate predictions and generates interpretable models. This allows for a better understanding of the data, reducing biases in original data and providing valuable information for scientists.
Scientists develop a mathematical model that describes the chemical reactions responsible for amyloid fibril formation, revealing catalytic sites at interfaces and implications for laboratory data interpretation. The model has a simpler mathematical form than previous models, making it more accessible for future studies.
Hives affect 1 in 5 people, and researchers used a mathematical model to recreate the patterns of hives. The study suggests that certain mechanisms may inhibit histamine release, adding complexity to the disease. The findings will help create a more detailed picture of how the skin disease develops.
Researchers from University of York develop new model to calculate impact of changes to Luftwaffe tactics on the battle's outcome. The study suggests that altering the timing and targeting of airfields could have shifted the battle significantly in Germany's favor.
Researchers recommend simplifying air quality testing methods to improve accuracy in simulating atmospheric chemical reactions and reducing pollution. A combination of bottom-up and top-down techniques can help achieve more accurate results.
Researchers have created a mathematical model that explains how the interlocking edges of oyster shells develop physically, revealing a complex interplay between geometry and mechanical forces. The study suggests that a toothed or wavy edge occurs when the mantle grows faster than the shell edge, causing it to buckle.
Researchers have developed a theoretical mechanical model to study how spider orb-webs detect prey through vibrations. The model reveals that web dynamics are crucial in localizing prey, and it has potential applications for bioinspired materials.
Researchers created a functioning 3D-printed ukulele and compared its sound quality to a standard wooden instrument using acoustics. They found that the 3D-printed ukulele produced lower A-weighted sound pressure and exhibited different timbre and frequency characteristics.
A Yale-led group developed a new mathematical model to predict acute kidney injury (AKI) risk in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The model accounts for individual differences and complex associations between contrast levels and AKI risk, providing more accurate estimates.
A mathematical model has been developed to predict how invasive species spread in rivers and how to control their movement using optimal water flow rates. The study, published in Mathematics, uses a partial differential equation model to illustrate how adjusting the water flow rate can prevent invasive populations from expanding upstream.
A team of researchers at New York University's Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences found that fish swimming in orderly groups or formations spend less energy and move faster than when swimming alone. The best arrangement, diamond-shaped lattices, yielded the greatest speeds and largest energy savings, confirming a long-held belief.
Ari Deibert Palczewski, a staff scientist at Jefferson Lab, has been awarded a DOE Early Career Research Program grant to develop a theoretical model of accelerator preparation. He aims to build on previous discoveries about doping niobium with nitrogen and create a mathematical model of the process.
A new study by researchers at the University of Waterloo highlights the importance of mathematical modelling in tackling disease outbreaks. The study concludes that combining data from multiple medical and public health sources can provide more informative insights for public health planners, enabling effective intervention strategies.
A team of researchers from UMass Amherst created a mathematical model to predict the degradation of vitamins in spaceflight food over time. The model enables NASA to accurately schedule resupplying trips and provide astronauts with essential nutrients, particularly thiamine, which degrades rapidly in certain foods like beef.
Researchers at Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown discover a new psychophysical rule, Time-Intensity Equivalence in Discrimination (TIED), which links decision times to sound intensity. TIED is more stringent than Weber's Law, describing behavior with mathematical precision.
Researchers developed a new quantum-mechanical model to measure momentum of particles using a classical concept: time-of-flight. They achieved precise calculations by estimating probabilistic positions and distances between pointers coupled to moving wave packets.
Researchers at The City College of New York used a mathematical model to study how the brain transitions from consciousness to unconscious behavior. They found that the subliminal state is the most robust part of the conscious network, indicating that it represents the core of the brain's processing system.
Researchers at Hokkaido University discovered that five-armed green brittle stars use a pumping movement pattern to coordinate their movements. A mathematical model suggests that internal fluid flow can achieve this coordination without neuronal activity.
A computational model simulates how pain is transmitted from a nerve to the spinal cord's dorsal horn, reproducing experimental results on pain sensitivity. The model suggests a potential mechanism for neuropathic pain's flipped sensitivity rhythm: a change from inhibition to excitation in synaptic connections between nerve cells.
A mathematical modeling study reveals that photosensitivity and PER2 level affect the efficacy of a clock-modulating drug, enabling precision medicine for circadian disruption. The researchers identified adaptive chronotherapeutics to identify precise dosing regimens that can restore normal circadian phase under different conditions.
The Russian Science Foundation has granted funding to 14 young scientists and six scientific groups at Ural Federal University, focusing on migration, demographic modeling, and nanomaterials. Researchers aim to develop a super-prolonged medication delivery system using hybrid organic-inorganic materials.
Researchers developed a system of physics equations to model how water spills out over an earth dike, causing it to break and overflow. The new model takes into account the deformation of the dike's bed while water erodes it, providing more accurate predictions and improving flood safety.
A new mathematical model predicts people's card-picking choices in the Iowa Gambling Task with greater accuracy than previous models. The model reveals that sequential exploration behaviors decline with age, suggesting a shift in balance between drive to explore and exploit.
A new mathematical model, EDC2, explains the peculiar 'orixate' leaf arrangement pattern of a Japanese plant, suggesting that older leaves have stronger inhibitory signals. The findings support the accuracy of the formula and shed light on the genetic and cellular machinery behind plant development.
A mathematical model of fresh water lenses was developed to understand the interaction between physical factors and water storage, circulation, and resilience. The research has practical applications in managing water resources around the world, particularly in arid deserts.
A University of Idaho study reveals that reproducing results doesn't necessarily mean discovering the truth, highlighting the need for a better understanding of scientific processes. The research found that factors like community diversity and experiment complexity can impact the speed of discovery.
Researchers used 3D modeling to understand nutrient exchange in the human placenta, a process critical for fetal growth. The study found that terminal villi geometry determines solute exchange capacity between mother and fetus.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to standardize the results of a ballistocardiogram, allowing for tracking of health changes and potential early detection of cardiovascular diseases. The model can capture information on elasticity of arteries, contractility of heart ventricles, and viscoelasticity of blood vessels.
A mathematical model shows that sacrificing a few offspring can lead to increased total offspring survival, especially in overcrowded environments. This suggests that filial cannibalism and offspring abandonment might be considered forms of parental care.
Researchers at Virginia Tech use drones and AI to complement human searchers, analyzing historical data from over 50,000 lost person scenarios. The system aims to provide large-scale data for better decision-making, addressing niche problems in the search process.
Researchers create model to predict faecal bacteria spread in summer, highlighting hydrological connectivity's crucial role. The model captures actual distribution of bacteria but needs adaptation for winter months due to temperature and soil conditions.
A new study by Iowa State University researchers suggests that requiring landlords to disclose recent bedbug infestations can lead to a reduction in infestations and lower costs for both landlords and tenants. This policy can create long-term savings for landlords and make life better for people affected by these pests.
A mathematical model estimates chlamydia's R0 value, indicating the disease's potential spread. The multi-group SIR model with age structure yields an R0 estimate between 1.0148 and 1.0535 for Japan's outbreak.
A new mathematical model describes how ion adsorption affects biological membranes' electrical properties at different pH levels. The model reveals that calcium ions have a greater ability to adsorb than barium ions, with hydroxide-containing ions being more readily absorbed.
Researchers have successfully constructed a three-dimensional human epidermis based on predictions made by their mathematical model of epidermal homeostasis. The epidermal equivalent exhibits excellent barrier functionality and thickness, providing a promising new tool for basic research and drug development.
Researchers from Osaka University develop a mathematical model based on frog choruses to design efficient wireless sensor networks. The study finds that frogs' acoustic teachings can be adapted for technological benefit by alternating data transmission and regulating energy consumption.
Researchers at the University of Illinois gained control over soft-molecule synthesis, enabling them to probe how shape, size, and composition influence function in soft materials. This breakthrough could lead to advances in virology, drug delivery development, and new material creation.
Researchers at Newcastle University have developed a way to model disease progression and predict the tipping point of a disease. The models provide early warning indicators that an epidemic is imminent and action needs to be taken.
A new mathematical model developed by NYU Tandon researchers takes into account the influence of bursty social interactions on disease spread. The model's discovery could improve predictive models and provide a more nuanced understanding of how diseases spread in globally connected populations.
A new mathematical model, inspired by age-dependent population models, analyzes urban burglary patterns and identifies key factors influencing repeat victimization. The model takes into account a burglar's age and a house's susceptibility to robbery based on its age, providing a flexible framework for prevention strategies.
Research reveals genes that benefit one sex but harm the other can lead to poorer health in women after menopause. Genes that improve late-life male fitness accumulate even if they harm female fitness.
Researchers developed a mathematical model showing that two types of cellular asymmetry govern the shaping of cells into sheets and tubes. Altering one polarity can simulate diverse shapes, with initial cell arrangement and external boundaries influencing outcomes.
A mathematical model revealed that spotted hyenas take over a decade to recover from the CDV epidemic due to their slow reproduction rate. The study emphasizes the importance of age and social status in disease spread, with high-ranking females playing a crucial role in population recovery.
A study based on 27 years of data from Mana Pools National Park suggests that temperature increases have caused significant declines in local tsetse fly populations. This could lead to reduced transmission of trypanosome pathogens causing sleeping sickness, but may also make other areas more suitable for the flies.