Research on computing hardware and its future. Covers quantum error-correction, cyber defense, novel materials, and AI frameworks.
A new algorithm developed by USC computer scientist Mathieu Desbrun can simplify complex 3-D files into smaller, highly accurate meshes. This breakthrough facilitates the sharing and processing of geometric datasets in various applications, including animation, video games, and virtual museums.
The Virtual Haptic Back system uses a sophisticated haptic interface to simulate the sensation of touching a human back. Medical students can practice palpation skills on simulated backs, improving their ability to diagnose dysfunctions and address two major challenges in osteopathic doctor training.
The Wearable Low Vision Aid (WLVA) is a portable system that uses an infrared camera and head-mounted display to warn users of potential hazards. The device projects a warning icon onto the user's retina using an illuminated, vibrating crystal, alerting them to obstacles such as branches or trash cans.
Researchers at the University of New South Wales have mathematically quantified the emotional impact of music, finding that arousal is associated with loudness and tempo. The study used a two-dimensional emotional space to analyze subjects' responses to four classical musical compositions.
A new CAD system has been shown to detect 77% of computer-identified false positives, leading to more accurate polyp detection. The technology holds promise for increasing widespread colon cancer screening due to its ability to significantly reduce the difficulty and time required for exam interpretation.
A new computer technique has been developed to differentiate between malignant and benign calcifications on digital mammograms. The system achieved performance comparable to radiologists in classifying these calcifications, with a 79% accuracy rate in a test using one malignant case and one benign case.
A team of scientists developed a biological computer that can diagnose cancer and produce a drug to kill cancer cells in a test tube. The system uses pre-programmed medical knowledge and DNA-manipulating enzymes to identify cancer biomarkers and release targeted therapy.
Researchers found that using an escrow settlement model settles cases more quickly and reduces litigation costs by 37%. The study, published in the Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, showed that 69% of cases were settled out of court using this method.
Researchers found that the ultimate speed of magnetic switching is at least 1,000 times slower than previously expected. The experiment's results have significant implications for future hard disk computer drive technologies.
A new electronic relationship between physicians and patients will enable seamless sharing of knowledge, responsibility, and decision-making. The growth of electronic communication options offers opportunities for enhanced doctor-patient relationships, increased patient safety, and improved healthcare outcomes.
Researchers at MIT have discovered that the human brain can recognize faces in blurry images when surrounded by contextual clues, such as a body. This finding has significant implications for the development of better machine vision systems and may also shed light on neurological conditions like autism.
The MIT 'Weird Fields' contest utilizes creative visuals to help students grasp abstract electromagnetism concepts. By exploring vector fields through interactive software, students can better comprehend the physics behind electromagnetic forces.
The Coalition Chat Line, a trans-lingual instant messaging technology, was successfully implemented at several US and allied sites in Iraq. The system enabled commanders and operators to communicate rapidly and reliably, even when speaking different languages, reducing costs and delays associated with conventional translation practices.
The Berkeley Lower Extremity Exoskeleton (BLEEX) is a wearable device that enhances human strength and endurance. The system combines a human control system with robotic muscle, allowing the wearer to walk, squat, and bend without reduced agility.
St. Philip Neri's team won the IEEE-USA national award with their communications system, which uses antennas and titanium microchips to transmit signals via bone conduction. The system was praised for its creativity and potential to become an asset for everyone in the future.
A new computer method called FamClash has been developed to predict the activity of hybrid enzymes, which are created by combining similar enzymes from different organisms. The approach identifies incompatible residue pairs that can lead to reduced enzyme activity, and provides valuable insights for protein engineering interventions.
Experts argue that electronic voting machines should print a paper copy of the ballot, allowing voters to inspect and verify their votes. The push for a 'voter-verifiable paper audit trail' aims to prevent machine errors and ensure election integrity.
Researchers at University of Toronto have developed a system that allows robots to navigate using their own unique sounds, generated by pre-recorded phrases played through elevated speakers. The system uses an array of stationary microphones to locate the robot on a virtual map and guide it around obstacles.
CPOE reduces medical errors by improving communication and order tracking, but its use is hindered by implementation difficulties. Silent errors occur due to system design disconnects, including data entry and retrieval issues, and loss of face-to-face interactions.
Professor Behrokh Khoshnevis has developed a new machine that can produce 3D 'printouts' in plastic and metal more quickly and cheaply than existing systems. The 'Selective Inhibition of Sintering' (SIS) process uses high heat to melt only selected areas, reducing energy intensity and cost.
The MIT team uses data mining to search for patterns in a large dataset, reducing the number of structures the computer needs to explore. This allows for more efficient discovery of new materials with desired properties.
Researchers found that male flesh flies radically move their heads while chasing females, but don't necessarily use the high-definition parts of their compound eyes. This unique visual guidance system could help engineers develop better detection systems for aircraft and artillery.
A new wireless device called Vital Dust transmits patient data to hospital locations, enabling medical teams to monitor vital signs in real-time. This allows for faster triage and prioritization of critical patients during mass casualty events.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has released an initial public draft of Recommended Security Controls for Federal Information Systems (NIST SP 800-53). The guidelines will become mandatory for most federal systems in 2005, with a wide audience beyond the federal government. NIST invites public comments on the ...
Rutgers-Newark has received a powerful computer grant, which will enable researchers to analyze brain activity more efficiently. The new supercomputing cluster allows for faster processing of massive amounts of data generated by human brain scans.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new scheduling method for electronics recycling that optimizes the flow of incoming products from storage to disassembly. By prioritizing large products with quick disassembly times, recyclers can reduce storage space needs by up to half and increase productivity.
Researchers at Cardiff University are exploring a new way to interact with computers using physical objects and acoustic waves. The project, TAI-CHI, aims to create giant 3D touch screens that can be used on any surface.
Researchers at UCSF successfully engineered a signaling protein to respond to novel inputs, mimicking the behavior of natural circuits. This breakthrough enables the creation of modular electronic components in cells, allowing for diverse circuits and behavior.
A four-year collaborative project aims to predict wildfire behavior using remote-sensing data and computer animation. The model will output a 3D 'movie' predicting fire behavior for the following hour, helping fire managers make informed decisions.
Researchers develop a programmable credit card that lets users set daily limits, restrict spending to certain days or establishments, and enhance security. The technology could benefit consumers, parents, and employers by improving financial management and reducing fraudulent use.
The MagiC VLIW processor is a revolutionary component that enables environment intelligence, allowing for flexible systems to interact with the surrounding environment. It has been successfully integrated into various applications, including audio conferencing and ecographic ultrasound scanners.
A new computer-based system, ACASI, was tested with Zimbabwean women, yielding more accurate data on key HIV risks. The tool helped overcome cultural issues and social desirability bias in face-to-face interviews.
Tuomas Sandholm's work focuses on constructing electronic marketplaces that lead to economically desirable outcomes. His research has led to significant savings for Fortune 500 companies, exceeding $300 million.
Dr. Och's system uses statistical models and parallel data to find the most likely translation for a given input, outperforming traditional approaches that rely on grammatical rules and vocabulary lists.
A computer vision study reveals that the brain processes facial recognition and emotional expression in linked neural pathways. The researchers developed a model that explains how humans recognize familiar faces and emotions, which can be applied to create more accurate face-recognition systems.
Researchers have developed a new method called kinetic visualization that uses colored dots and motion to present three-dimensional scientific or medical data. This technique allows computers to display data in a different way, providing shape information and attracting attention to important areas.
George Stegman has been awarded the R. W. Wood Prize by the Optical Society of America for his groundbreaking research in nonlinear integrated optics. This technology enables fast and efficient data transfer, potentially revolutionizing fields like medicine and computing.
A new nanoscale device developed by University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers allows for the study of individual electrons in detail. The device enables the observation of heat dissipation's influence on single electron transport, a crucial aspect of quantum computing and communication.
This article explores the use of computer technology to improve rehabilitation outcomes for individuals with spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, and hearing losses. Studies demonstrate the effectiveness of neuroprosthetics, equinometers, brain-computer interfaces, telemedicine, and computer head controls in enhancing health, redu...
Researchers at Rice University have developed a method to probe dynamic interactions between smallest atomic particles, enabling studies of individual electron dynamics and quantum phenomena. The breakthrough is crucial for developing quantum computers, which could solve complex calculations in seconds.
A team of scientists used ALife to create a road map detailing the evolution of complex organisms, finding that complex functions are built up from simpler ones and some mutations become positive forces over time. This research sheds light on how complex features arise in living organisms, providing new insights into evolutionary theory.
Daniel Crawford's work aims to prevent undesirable side effects in synthetic drugs by accurately determining molecule handedness. He is developing computer models to compute optical rotation, allowing natural-products chemists to identify the correct hand of molecules.
Weber's research reveals that all minimal surfaces share a common property, which attracts artists who create near-minimal surfaces without realizing it. His work also inspires architects to explore the use of minimal surfaces in structures, calendars, and other applications.
Researchers have developed a system that can alter pitch, duration, and vibrato in singing voices, producing more professional-sounding renditions. The technology uses a sinusoidal model to break down the original voice into components that can be modified to produce a great singing voice.
The Office of Naval Research's Silver Fox UAV is a small tactical UAV equipped with state-of-the-art camera technology and GPS navigation, providing battle-ready Marines with real-time intelligence on enemy positions. With its compact size and long flight endurance, Silver Fox enables the Marine corps to cover large areas of territory ...
Purdue University researchers have created a 'pumpless' liquid-cooling system that removes nearly six times more heat than existing miniature pumpless systems. The system uses microchannels and dielectric liquids to form smaller bubbles, which flow easily through the channels and carry heat away from computer chips.
The Phone and Go service is a pioneering example of Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) services, utilizing information technology to facilitate greater responsiveness. Early indications show that the service is proving successful in rural areas with few existing bus links, offering passengers flexibility and convenience.
The Association for Computing Machinery has awarded Carroll the CHI Lifetime Achievement Award for his contributions to human-computer interaction. His research focused on scenario-based design, usability specification, and participatory design, which have had significant impacts on software development and user experience.
According to University of Toronto researchers, the brain uses prior knowledge to guide perceptions and ignores or downplays small changes. The brain gauges probabilities and makes the best possible use of flawed sensor data to form a coherent picture.
Dalton's research team has developed new theory about the chemical behavior of solids, leading to innovative materials with effortless conversion capabilities. These materials have applications in intelligent sensors, remote monitoring, and medical diagnosis, as well as routing information on mobile military platforms.
Dixon's research uses computers to solve complex equations and predict the assembly of fluorine compounds, leading to the development of HFC 134A. His work also balances stability, safety, and environmental concerns in the creation of cost-efficient refrigerants.
Miller develops accurate chemical models by simulating traffic flow and manipulating equations to predict real-world outcomes. He aims to use these models to save laboratory time, money, and point to new avenues of research.
Computer modeling helps explain experimental results and predict successful reactions, leading to breakthroughs in understanding how new drugs work. Proline, a simple protein building block, was solved using computational methods after decades of uncertainty.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have devised a 'reverse production' system to recover and reuse materials from e-wastes, reducing the need for raw materials and protecting groundwater. The system uses mathematical models and expertise in recycling and separation to make the process economically viable.
A DNA-based computer, award-winning for smallest biological computing device, processes input molecules using spontaneous energy releases to carry out computations without external power. The device contains 15,000 trillion computers performing 330 trillion operations per second with high accuracy.
A Penn State cartographer emphasizes the importance of careful color choices in visual representation to reveal relationships and patterns in complex data. An online web tool, ColorBrewer, provides pre-designed color palettes that cater to color blindness and are suitable for various mediums.
Agent-based models reveal how simple interactions among individuals can generate complex social patterns, such as residential segregation and fads. Researchers use these models to study human behavior, including peer enforcement of norms and self-destructive behaviors.
Researchers have developed DNA scaffolding for arrays of nanoparticles, enabling the processing of large amounts of information. The technology could lead to real-time image processing and improved noise filtering, potentially even rivaling human eye speed.
The BCMA system was found to have five unanticipated negative side effects, including automatic removal of medications from patient lists and decreased coordination between doctors and nurses. The study highlights the need for flexible redesign and modification of the system to address these challenges.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a mathematical system to design composite materials that perform two functions simultaneously. The approach uses computer calculations to find the optimal structure, which can help optimize properties such as heat and electricity conductivity.