Articles tagged with Computers
Researchers at Rice University have developed a method to probe dynamic interactions between smallest atomic particles, enabling studies of individual electron dynamics and quantum phenomena. The breakthrough is crucial for developing quantum computers, which could solve complex calculations in seconds.
A team of scientists used ALife to create a road map detailing the evolution of complex organisms, finding that complex functions are built up from simpler ones and some mutations become positive forces over time. This research sheds light on how complex features arise in living organisms, providing new insights into evolutionary theory.
Daniel Crawford's work aims to prevent undesirable side effects in synthetic drugs by accurately determining molecule handedness. He is developing computer models to compute optical rotation, allowing natural-products chemists to identify the correct hand of molecules.
Weber's research reveals that all minimal surfaces share a common property, which attracts artists who create near-minimal surfaces without realizing it. His work also inspires architects to explore the use of minimal surfaces in structures, calendars, and other applications.
Researchers have developed a system that can alter pitch, duration, and vibrato in singing voices, producing more professional-sounding renditions. The technology uses a sinusoidal model to break down the original voice into components that can be modified to produce a great singing voice.
The Office of Naval Research's Silver Fox UAV is a small tactical UAV equipped with state-of-the-art camera technology and GPS navigation, providing battle-ready Marines with real-time intelligence on enemy positions. With its compact size and long flight endurance, Silver Fox enables the Marine corps to cover large areas of territory ...
Purdue University researchers have created a 'pumpless' liquid-cooling system that removes nearly six times more heat than existing miniature pumpless systems. The system uses microchannels and dielectric liquids to form smaller bubbles, which flow easily through the channels and carry heat away from computer chips.
The Phone and Go service is a pioneering example of Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) services, utilizing information technology to facilitate greater responsiveness. Early indications show that the service is proving successful in rural areas with few existing bus links, offering passengers flexibility and convenience.
The Association for Computing Machinery has awarded Carroll the CHI Lifetime Achievement Award for his contributions to human-computer interaction. His research focused on scenario-based design, usability specification, and participatory design, which have had significant impacts on software development and user experience.
According to University of Toronto researchers, the brain uses prior knowledge to guide perceptions and ignores or downplays small changes. The brain gauges probabilities and makes the best possible use of flawed sensor data to form a coherent picture.
Dalton's research team has developed new theory about the chemical behavior of solids, leading to innovative materials with effortless conversion capabilities. These materials have applications in intelligent sensors, remote monitoring, and medical diagnosis, as well as routing information on mobile military platforms.
Dixon's research uses computers to solve complex equations and predict the assembly of fluorine compounds, leading to the development of HFC 134A. His work also balances stability, safety, and environmental concerns in the creation of cost-efficient refrigerants.
Miller develops accurate chemical models by simulating traffic flow and manipulating equations to predict real-world outcomes. He aims to use these models to save laboratory time, money, and point to new avenues of research.
Computer modeling helps explain experimental results and predict successful reactions, leading to breakthroughs in understanding how new drugs work. Proline, a simple protein building block, was solved using computational methods after decades of uncertainty.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have devised a 'reverse production' system to recover and reuse materials from e-wastes, reducing the need for raw materials and protecting groundwater. The system uses mathematical models and expertise in recycling and separation to make the process economically viable.
A DNA-based computer, award-winning for smallest biological computing device, processes input molecules using spontaneous energy releases to carry out computations without external power. The device contains 15,000 trillion computers performing 330 trillion operations per second with high accuracy.
Agent-based models reveal how simple interactions among individuals can generate complex social patterns, such as residential segregation and fads. Researchers use these models to study human behavior, including peer enforcement of norms and self-destructive behaviors.
A Penn State cartographer emphasizes the importance of careful color choices in visual representation to reveal relationships and patterns in complex data. An online web tool, ColorBrewer, provides pre-designed color palettes that cater to color blindness and are suitable for various mediums.
Researchers have developed DNA scaffolding for arrays of nanoparticles, enabling the processing of large amounts of information. The technology could lead to real-time image processing and improved noise filtering, potentially even rivaling human eye speed.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a mathematical system to design composite materials that perform two functions simultaneously. The approach uses computer calculations to find the optimal structure, which can help optimize properties such as heat and electricity conductivity.
The BCMA system was found to have five unanticipated negative side effects, including automatic removal of medications from patient lists and decreased coordination between doctors and nurses. The study highlights the need for flexible redesign and modification of the system to address these challenges.
The Purdue team has found a way to connect the interior of a computer with the biological world by using nanoparticles as a bridge. This technology could lead to advances in detecting biohazards such as bacteria, nerve gas, or other chemical agents.
A team of Stanford engineers is working on a computer code capable of tracking massive internal waves that can contain enough energy to move pollutants and debris long distances. The SUNTANS project aims to identify vulnerable beaches and coastal habitats, allowing for early prediction and protection.
Researchers have developed a silicon-chip qubit that can perform quantum computations without leaking information due to decoherence. This achievement is based on a blueprint from 1998 and could lead to the creation of large arrays of qubits for practical quantum processing.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University are refining computerized navigation and control systems for deep-sea robots. The new testing facility allows researchers to fine-tune the system, which enables precise positioning and movement of underwater vehicles.
Virginia Tech researchers are working on ways to protect battery-operated computers and wireless devices from hacking attempts that can drain their batteries. The project aims to develop built-in measures to prevent such attacks, which could become a major concern for the wireless industry.
The Dialogue-Assisted Visual Environment for Geoinformation (DAVE_G) is a new system that enables crisis managers to visualize geospatial information on a large map using verbal and gesture commands. The system aims to improve decision-making in emergency management by providing real-time access to critical data.
A study by Oregon Health & Science University found that computer prescriptions significantly reduced errors in the prescribing process. The system improved legibility and accuracy, resulting in a 0.8% error rate compared to 2.3%, saving time for pharmacists and improving patient safety.
Researchers discovered that the Tryptophan cage protein, composed of 20 amino acids, folds into its three-dimensional shape at an unprecedented rate. The protein achieves this in just four-millionths of a second, beating any other protein by about four times.
The UB system generates user profiles based on standard operations and commands, detecting significant deviations from procedures. This approach reduces false alarms and improves accuracy in detecting cyberattacks.
A study published in the Journal of Marketing Research found that ad repetition can be confusing for consumers. Students who were mentally engaged with ads performed better at matching product names and slogans than those who were not, suggesting a positive effect of mental engagement on memory.
Researchers found that at least a third of neurons in the prefrontal cortex vary their activity with the number of dots seen, indicating they tune to quantity. The study suggests that individual cells specialize as they adapt to experience and participate in multiple networks.
A recent study found that near-eye displays, like eyeglasses with a built-in monitor, can increase ease of use and performance comparable to traditional computer screens. However, some users experienced eyestrain more with these devices.
A study by Ohio State University found that procrastinators receive poorer grades in college classes due to lack of self-discipline. The researchers discovered that high procrastinators scored lower in measures of self-regulation and used 'wishful thinking' rationalizations to justify their behavior.
Rice Terascale Cluster will be the first university computer in Texas with a peak performance of 1 teraflop, enabling complex mathematical simulations for drug designers and biomedical researchers. The cluster will tackle increasingly complex problems in fields like bioinformatics, physics, and computer science.
A computer system developed by Newcastle University researchers accurately predicted the spread of breast cancer and five-year survival rates in nearly 90% of patients. The system uses a combination of neural networks and fuzzy logic to analyze images of cells from tissue samples.
Scientists from the University of Minnesota and Duke University developed computer techniques that can automate image inpainting, restoring lost regions with neighboring available information. This technology has applications in surveillance images, enabling faster recovery of lost information and potential super resolution.
A study by Dr. Eileen Trauth found that women in IT face unique challenges depending on their cultural background, family support, and personal experiences. The researcher suggests that respecting individual differences and providing tailored encouragement can help women resist social shaping and succeed in the field.
A team of researchers has demonstrated the first wireless communication system built entirely on a computer chip, breaking the need for wires to transmit information within the chip. This technology could lead to faster chips, tiny microphones, motion detectors, and other devices.
A study by psychologists from the University of Amsterdam found that mentally fatigued persons have difficulty translating objectives into actions, are less flexible, and more persistent in their behavior. They also scored lower in psychological tests and made more mistakes, particularly when faced with changing rules or situations.
A study of over 600 high school teachers found that burnout patients can maintain a positive self-image despite mixed feelings upon seeing colleagues perform well. Researchers recommend leveraging social comparison to aid therapists in treating burnout patients.
A Rutgers biomedical engineering professor has discovered that cross-hand and one-hand grips can reduce eye movement during longer putts and head movement during shorter putts. The findings are part of a book exploring the physics, biomechanics, and physiology of various sports, including golf.
Researchers at Newcastle University are developing asynchronous systems that work well in labs and have potential for commercial use. These designs could overcome limitations imposed by traditional clocks on computer performance.
Computers can now simulate complex molecular reactions with larger molecule sizes, expanding the capabilities of quantum chemistry. Researchers aim to reduce computation time without losing accuracy.
Researchers have discovered crystalline materials that can change shapes rapidly and act as ultrafast switches in optical computers, potentially enabling 3D TVs and unprecedented storage potential. The materials could be produced in bulk and reduced costs may be achieved through improved manufacturing efficiencies.
A University of California at Berkeley study found that up to 30% of U.S. children who use computers may need special eyewear to reduce the risk of premature vision problems. The research also shows a strong correlation between computer use and premature myopia, or nearsightedness.
Researchers can now reconstruct missing sound sequences by analyzing typical language patterns. This technology will aid safe communication in noisy environments and help historians recreate lost texts.
A standard decision-making framework is being developed to formalise regulatory bodies' assessment of safety cases, reducing subjective judgements. Deconstruction, a technique from French philosopher Derrida, will be used to find meanings in texts that authors did not intend, improving the accuracy of decisions.
Researchers found that insect damage affects not just the hole in the leaf, but also surrounding areas with reduced photosynthesis activity. The device revealed an 80-fold increase in furanocoumarin synthesis, a defensive chemical used by plants to boost their defense.
Researchers from Uppsala University developed new computer-based methods for Bayesian inference in evolutionary biology, enabling analysis of complex problems on ordinary desktop computers. The new methods can be applied to various fields, including species relationship reconstruction and molecular evolution studies.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed tiny, piezoelectric fans that can cool future electronics without producing electromagnetic noise or consuming excessive electricity. The fans use a ceramic material to move blades in alternate directions, reducing temperatures by up to 8 degrees Celsius.
Researchers at Stanford and Caltech have made a breakthrough in neural prosthetics, demonstrating that electrical signals from the parietal reach region can control movement and planning. The study enabled a monkey to control a cursor with its thoughts, paving the way for potential applications in helping severely paralyzed patients.
The Utrecht spectrograph uses a prism to disperse light, resulting in faster pictures with reduced light loss. Researchers used it to study proteins from muscle tissue and discovered unexpected chemical reactions triggered by illumination.
The University of Colorado at Boulder has acquired two state-of-the-art electron microscopes, enabling researchers to image cellular structures in three dimensions at unprecedented resolution. This advancement is made possible by a suite of complementing computers that run programs developed by CU-Boulder researchers.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has published a guide for law enforcement officers to investigate electronic crimes. This guide aims to provide investigators with an overview of the types of electronic evidence that may be available at crime scenes, including devices ranging from large computers to pagers.
Researchers will combine surgical robotic systems with telemedicine to train surgeons-in-training in complex, minimally invasive procedures. The proposed system will feature shared control of a single set of 'arms' and haptic feedback for immersive training.
The ACP-ASIM survey found that 60% of respondents under 40 use handheld computers to access drug information and clinical references. The organization is expanding its educational resources through a Personal Digital Assistant Portal on its website.
The three-year award aims to develop an integrated approach to reliable embedded systems, considering real-time issues and resource constraints. Embedded computers are critical in various industries, including medicine and transportation, and their failure can have widespread consequences.
A randomized trial shows that computer reminders can significantly boost vaccination rates for hospitalized patients, particularly those over 65. The system identified eligible candidates and prompted physicians to order vaccinations, resulting in a 51% increase in influenza vaccinations and a 36% increase in pneumonia vaccinations.
A team led by Jonathan M. Smith from the University of Pennsylvania aims to engineer better security features into mainstream computers through open-source collaboration.