Articles tagged with Computers
Researchers found that male flesh flies radically move their heads while chasing females, but don't necessarily use the high-definition parts of their compound eyes. This unique visual guidance system could help engineers develop better detection systems for aircraft and artillery.
A new wireless device called Vital Dust transmits patient data to hospital locations, enabling medical teams to monitor vital signs in real-time. This allows for faster triage and prioritization of critical patients during mass casualty events.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has released an initial public draft of Recommended Security Controls for Federal Information Systems (NIST SP 800-53). The guidelines will become mandatory for most federal systems in 2005, with a wide audience beyond the federal government. NIST invites public comments on the ...
Rutgers-Newark has received a powerful computer grant, which will enable researchers to analyze brain activity more efficiently. The new supercomputing cluster allows for faster processing of massive amounts of data generated by human brain scans.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new scheduling method for electronics recycling that optimizes the flow of incoming products from storage to disassembly. By prioritizing large products with quick disassembly times, recyclers can reduce storage space needs by up to half and increase productivity.
Researchers at Cardiff University are exploring a new way to interact with computers using physical objects and acoustic waves. The project, TAI-CHI, aims to create giant 3D touch screens that can be used on any surface.
A four-year collaborative project aims to predict wildfire behavior using remote-sensing data and computer animation. The model will output a 3D 'movie' predicting fire behavior for the following hour, helping fire managers make informed decisions.
Researchers at UCSF successfully engineered a signaling protein to respond to novel inputs, mimicking the behavior of natural circuits. This breakthrough enables the creation of modular electronic components in cells, allowing for diverse circuits and behavior.
Researchers develop a programmable credit card that lets users set daily limits, restrict spending to certain days or establishments, and enhance security. The technology could benefit consumers, parents, and employers by improving financial management and reducing fraudulent use.
The MagiC VLIW processor is a revolutionary component that enables environment intelligence, allowing for flexible systems to interact with the surrounding environment. It has been successfully integrated into various applications, including audio conferencing and ecographic ultrasound scanners.
A new computer-based system, ACASI, was tested with Zimbabwean women, yielding more accurate data on key HIV risks. The tool helped overcome cultural issues and social desirability bias in face-to-face interviews.
Tuomas Sandholm's work focuses on constructing electronic marketplaces that lead to economically desirable outcomes. His research has led to significant savings for Fortune 500 companies, exceeding $300 million.
Dr. Och's system uses statistical models and parallel data to find the most likely translation for a given input, outperforming traditional approaches that rely on grammatical rules and vocabulary lists.
A computer vision study reveals that the brain processes facial recognition and emotional expression in linked neural pathways. The researchers developed a model that explains how humans recognize familiar faces and emotions, which can be applied to create more accurate face-recognition systems.
Researchers have developed a new method called kinetic visualization that uses colored dots and motion to present three-dimensional scientific or medical data. This technique allows computers to display data in a different way, providing shape information and attracting attention to important areas.
George Stegman has been awarded the R. W. Wood Prize by the Optical Society of America for his groundbreaking research in nonlinear integrated optics. This technology enables fast and efficient data transfer, potentially revolutionizing fields like medicine and computing.
A new nanoscale device developed by University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers allows for the study of individual electrons in detail. The device enables the observation of heat dissipation's influence on single electron transport, a crucial aspect of quantum computing and communication.
This article explores the use of computer technology to improve rehabilitation outcomes for individuals with spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis, and hearing losses. Studies demonstrate the effectiveness of neuroprosthetics, equinometers, brain-computer interfaces, telemedicine, and computer head controls in enhancing health, redu...
Researchers at Rice University have developed a method to probe dynamic interactions between smallest atomic particles, enabling studies of individual electron dynamics and quantum phenomena. The breakthrough is crucial for developing quantum computers, which could solve complex calculations in seconds.
A team of scientists used ALife to create a road map detailing the evolution of complex organisms, finding that complex functions are built up from simpler ones and some mutations become positive forces over time. This research sheds light on how complex features arise in living organisms, providing new insights into evolutionary theory.
Daniel Crawford's work aims to prevent undesirable side effects in synthetic drugs by accurately determining molecule handedness. He is developing computer models to compute optical rotation, allowing natural-products chemists to identify the correct hand of molecules.
Weber's research reveals that all minimal surfaces share a common property, which attracts artists who create near-minimal surfaces without realizing it. His work also inspires architects to explore the use of minimal surfaces in structures, calendars, and other applications.
Researchers have developed a system that can alter pitch, duration, and vibrato in singing voices, producing more professional-sounding renditions. The technology uses a sinusoidal model to break down the original voice into components that can be modified to produce a great singing voice.
The Office of Naval Research's Silver Fox UAV is a small tactical UAV equipped with state-of-the-art camera technology and GPS navigation, providing battle-ready Marines with real-time intelligence on enemy positions. With its compact size and long flight endurance, Silver Fox enables the Marine corps to cover large areas of territory ...
Purdue University researchers have created a 'pumpless' liquid-cooling system that removes nearly six times more heat than existing miniature pumpless systems. The system uses microchannels and dielectric liquids to form smaller bubbles, which flow easily through the channels and carry heat away from computer chips.
The Phone and Go service is a pioneering example of Demand Responsive Transport (DRT) services, utilizing information technology to facilitate greater responsiveness. Early indications show that the service is proving successful in rural areas with few existing bus links, offering passengers flexibility and convenience.
The Association for Computing Machinery has awarded Carroll the CHI Lifetime Achievement Award for his contributions to human-computer interaction. His research focused on scenario-based design, usability specification, and participatory design, which have had significant impacts on software development and user experience.
According to University of Toronto researchers, the brain uses prior knowledge to guide perceptions and ignores or downplays small changes. The brain gauges probabilities and makes the best possible use of flawed sensor data to form a coherent picture.
Dixon's research uses computers to solve complex equations and predict the assembly of fluorine compounds, leading to the development of HFC 134A. His work also balances stability, safety, and environmental concerns in the creation of cost-efficient refrigerants.
Miller develops accurate chemical models by simulating traffic flow and manipulating equations to predict real-world outcomes. He aims to use these models to save laboratory time, money, and point to new avenues of research.
Computer modeling helps explain experimental results and predict successful reactions, leading to breakthroughs in understanding how new drugs work. Proline, a simple protein building block, was solved using computational methods after decades of uncertainty.
Dalton's research team has developed new theory about the chemical behavior of solids, leading to innovative materials with effortless conversion capabilities. These materials have applications in intelligent sensors, remote monitoring, and medical diagnosis, as well as routing information on mobile military platforms.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have devised a 'reverse production' system to recover and reuse materials from e-wastes, reducing the need for raw materials and protecting groundwater. The system uses mathematical models and expertise in recycling and separation to make the process economically viable.
A DNA-based computer, award-winning for smallest biological computing device, processes input molecules using spontaneous energy releases to carry out computations without external power. The device contains 15,000 trillion computers performing 330 trillion operations per second with high accuracy.
A Penn State cartographer emphasizes the importance of careful color choices in visual representation to reveal relationships and patterns in complex data. An online web tool, ColorBrewer, provides pre-designed color palettes that cater to color blindness and are suitable for various mediums.
Agent-based models reveal how simple interactions among individuals can generate complex social patterns, such as residential segregation and fads. Researchers use these models to study human behavior, including peer enforcement of norms and self-destructive behaviors.
Researchers have developed DNA scaffolding for arrays of nanoparticles, enabling the processing of large amounts of information. The technology could lead to real-time image processing and improved noise filtering, potentially even rivaling human eye speed.
The BCMA system was found to have five unanticipated negative side effects, including automatic removal of medications from patient lists and decreased coordination between doctors and nurses. The study highlights the need for flexible redesign and modification of the system to address these challenges.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a mathematical system to design composite materials that perform two functions simultaneously. The approach uses computer calculations to find the optimal structure, which can help optimize properties such as heat and electricity conductivity.
The Purdue team has found a way to connect the interior of a computer with the biological world by using nanoparticles as a bridge. This technology could lead to advances in detecting biohazards such as bacteria, nerve gas, or other chemical agents.
A team of Stanford engineers is working on a computer code capable of tracking massive internal waves that can contain enough energy to move pollutants and debris long distances. The SUNTANS project aims to identify vulnerable beaches and coastal habitats, allowing for early prediction and protection.
Researchers have developed a silicon-chip qubit that can perform quantum computations without leaking information due to decoherence. This achievement is based on a blueprint from 1998 and could lead to the creation of large arrays of qubits for practical quantum processing.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University are refining computerized navigation and control systems for deep-sea robots. The new testing facility allows researchers to fine-tune the system, which enables precise positioning and movement of underwater vehicles.
Virginia Tech researchers are working on ways to protect battery-operated computers and wireless devices from hacking attempts that can drain their batteries. The project aims to develop built-in measures to prevent such attacks, which could become a major concern for the wireless industry.
The Dialogue-Assisted Visual Environment for Geoinformation (DAVE_G) is a new system that enables crisis managers to visualize geospatial information on a large map using verbal and gesture commands. The system aims to improve decision-making in emergency management by providing real-time access to critical data.
A study by Oregon Health & Science University found that computer prescriptions significantly reduced errors in the prescribing process. The system improved legibility and accuracy, resulting in a 0.8% error rate compared to 2.3%, saving time for pharmacists and improving patient safety.
Researchers discovered that the Tryptophan cage protein, composed of 20 amino acids, folds into its three-dimensional shape at an unprecedented rate. The protein achieves this in just four-millionths of a second, beating any other protein by about four times.
The UB system generates user profiles based on standard operations and commands, detecting significant deviations from procedures. This approach reduces false alarms and improves accuracy in detecting cyberattacks.
A study published in the Journal of Marketing Research found that ad repetition can be confusing for consumers. Students who were mentally engaged with ads performed better at matching product names and slogans than those who were not, suggesting a positive effect of mental engagement on memory.
Researchers found that at least a third of neurons in the prefrontal cortex vary their activity with the number of dots seen, indicating they tune to quantity. The study suggests that individual cells specialize as they adapt to experience and participate in multiple networks.
A recent study found that near-eye displays, like eyeglasses with a built-in monitor, can increase ease of use and performance comparable to traditional computer screens. However, some users experienced eyestrain more with these devices.
A study by Ohio State University found that procrastinators receive poorer grades in college classes due to lack of self-discipline. The researchers discovered that high procrastinators scored lower in measures of self-regulation and used 'wishful thinking' rationalizations to justify their behavior.
Rice Terascale Cluster will be the first university computer in Texas with a peak performance of 1 teraflop, enabling complex mathematical simulations for drug designers and biomedical researchers. The cluster will tackle increasingly complex problems in fields like bioinformatics, physics, and computer science.
A computer system developed by Newcastle University researchers accurately predicted the spread of breast cancer and five-year survival rates in nearly 90% of patients. The system uses a combination of neural networks and fuzzy logic to analyze images of cells from tissue samples.
Scientists from the University of Minnesota and Duke University developed computer techniques that can automate image inpainting, restoring lost regions with neighboring available information. This technology has applications in surveillance images, enabling faster recovery of lost information and potential super resolution.
A study by Dr. Eileen Trauth found that women in IT face unique challenges depending on their cultural background, family support, and personal experiences. The researcher suggests that respecting individual differences and providing tailored encouragement can help women resist social shaping and succeed in the field.
A team of researchers has demonstrated the first wireless communication system built entirely on a computer chip, breaking the need for wires to transmit information within the chip. This technology could lead to faster chips, tiny microphones, motion detectors, and other devices.
A study of over 600 high school teachers found that burnout patients can maintain a positive self-image despite mixed feelings upon seeing colleagues perform well. Researchers recommend leveraging social comparison to aid therapists in treating burnout patients.
A study by psychologists from the University of Amsterdam found that mentally fatigued persons have difficulty translating objectives into actions, are less flexible, and more persistent in their behavior. They also scored lower in psychological tests and made more mistakes, particularly when faced with changing rules or situations.
A Rutgers biomedical engineering professor has discovered that cross-hand and one-hand grips can reduce eye movement during longer putts and head movement during shorter putts. The findings are part of a book exploring the physics, biomechanics, and physiology of various sports, including golf.