Articles tagged with Databases
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study found that patients with sickle cell disease experience a high rate of acute care utilization, with 18- to 30-year-olds at the highest risk for rehospitalization. The analysis included data from eight states and revealed significant disparities in healthcare usage among different age groups.
The National Evolutionary Synthesis Center has released a new version of TreeBASE, a database that stores and shares phylogenetic information. The upgraded database allows for richer data storage, improved search techniques, and enhanced visualization tools.
A new database reveals that precipitation in Spain has declined in quantity in March and June, but increased in October. The study analyzed monthly precipitation series over the Iberian Peninsula between 1945 and 2005, providing a detailed image of precipitation behavior.
The study compared two chemical name dictionaries and found that automatic curation with Chemlist outperformed manual curation with ChemSpider. The Chemlist dictionary achieved a higher recall and better F-score, while ChemSpider's precision was higher after filtering and disambiguation.
Acute stroke care has improved significantly at hospitals participating in the Get With The Guidelines–Stroke program, with overall composite care improving from 72% to 93%. Hospital participation made a big impact on stroke death rates, reducing the risk-adjusted odds of in-hospital mortality by 10%.
The study examines the effects of geopolitical change on scientific production over the last 30 years. Asia's share of world scientific output grew by 155% and China has shown spectacular progress, catching up with the US in natural sciences and engineering by 2015.
Researchers found that La Vanguardia newspaper devoted more headlines to forest fires and droughts than floods, despite floods being more frequent and damaging. The study created a database of natural hazards allowing users to search for meteorological phenomena.
The MOLTO project aims to create a reliable multilingual translation tool using type theory, enabling easy extension and use by non-experts. The system will cover most EU languages, facilitating access to knowledge for all citizens.
Researchers analyzed mammal diversity data from 30 million years ago and 500 years ago, finding a significant loss of species following human arrival in North America. The study suggests humans are causing another mass extinction event, with potential conservation efforts able to stem the tide.
The Eukaryotic Pathogen Genome Database Resource has been expanded with a new contract to support worldwide research into human pathogens. The database provides tools for identifying vaccine antigens and drug targets, facilitating the search for effective diagnostics.
A new study found that opioid-related deaths in Ontario, Canada have doubled since 1991, with a significant increase in oxycodone-related deaths. Most of these additional deaths were accidental, and the study suggests that increased rates of opioid prescriptions are a major factor in these deaths.
Researchers Arnie Miller and Michael Foote analyzed fossil data from epicontinental seas and open-ocean-facing coastlines during three 'Big Five' mass extinction events. They found higher extinction rates in open-ocean settings, indicating these environments were more susceptible to mass-extinction-causing agents.
Researchers found that key employee migration reduces an organization's competitive advantage, even in superior organizations with established routines. The loss of strategic knowledge through employee migration allows rival firms to develop competitive responses.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh are leading a $9 million, five-year initiative to study the cause of facial birth defects. They will create an encyclopedic database of how faces develop and what goes wrong to cause malformations.
Scientists have assembled the largest-ever collection of liver proteins, which could become a roadmap for finding new biomarkers and treatments for liver disease, including hepatitis. The database includes 6,788 non-redundant proteins, many of which are related to diseases in the nervous system.
Experts from 11 countries agree on a joint DNA-based database to combat child trafficking, with the goal of eradicating the crime. The DNA-Prokids Programme aims to reunite victims with their families and prevent further exploitation.
The world's top experts in endangered languages are converging at the University of Utah to create a comprehensive online database. The gathering aims to preserve 7,000 languages that are at risk of extinction, with nearly 90% predicted to disappear in the next 100 years.
According to the World Database of Happiness, Spain holds the 16th position in terms of happy years of life, with a score of 58.8 years. This ranking is based on an indicator developed by the Erasmus University of Rotterdam, which combines life expectancy and happiness averages.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has awarded a $15.7 million contract to develop an open-access national online database and analysis resource center for viral pathogens. The database will contain information on viruses such as herpes, hepatitis C, and smallpox, as well as newly emerging pathogenic viruses.
Researchers have developed a reliable way for doctors to filter MEDLINE for relevant kidney patient information, improving treatment and outcomes. The new tool has high performance, exceeding 97% sensitivity and specificity, making it available for all healthcare professionals.
Researchers propose six categories to describe genome sequence quality, from 'Standard draft' to 'Finished', addressing concerns over data integrity and reliability. The new standards aim to standardize sequencing technologies and help researchers know the quality of publicly available genomes.
The new NIST database on gas hydrates provides a comprehensive collection of data on the properties of these naturally occurring crystalline materials, which are a potential energy resource and may affect the Earth's climate. The database contains over 12,000 individual data points for 150 compounds and 400 different chemical systems.
The NIDCR launched the FaceBase Consortium to systematically compile biological instructions for constructing the middle region of the human face and define genetics underlying developmental disorders. A comprehensive database will be created to enable scientists to mine information and accelerate research.
The GRACE registry study analyzed 43,018 ACS patients to determine the optimal revascularisation strategy for unprotected left main coronary disease. PCI is now the most common revascularisation strategy, preferred in higher-risk patients, while CABG is often delayed and associated with the best 6-month survival.
A Rutgers University—Camden biochemist is creating a database for quick background checks on all known enzyme functions, including energy-creators like ATP and ADP. The goal is to create a standard vocabulary to describe how enzymes function for the biomedical community.
Researchers developed a neural network system to classify music genres, such as cha-cha-cha, jive, and tango, with varying degrees of success. The approach combines the strengths of two existing methods and uses a neural network to analyze beat and tempo, outperforming other classification techniques.
Engineering programs retain students equally to other majors, and women are just as likely to stick around as their male counterparts. However, a narrow path exists for students to migrate into engineering from other majors, highlighting the need for institutions to adopt universal prerequisites.
A new comprehensive health care database, DARTNet, aims to advance medical research and improve patient care by facilitating secure data sharing among clinicians and organizations. The database, part of a national health data network, has the potential to transform the quality of healthcare by enabling high-quality observational studies.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found women with hormone receptor-negative first tumors have twice the risk of developing a second breast cancer compared to those with HR-positive tumors. The research also identified a five-fold increase in risk of a second hormone-receptor negative breast cancer.
Researchers found that patients with elevated serum creatinine, on life support, and children under 18 whose liver failure was caused by antiepileptics had poorer outcomes. A prognostic model developed by the study showed strong predictive ability for survival after transplantation.
The Gene Expression Atlas collates data from over 1000 studies, providing insights into gene function and development of new drugs. The resource allows users to query gene expression under various conditions, enabling researchers to identify key genes in specific diseases.
The Immune Epitope Database and Analysis Resource (IEDB) is the world's largest collection of scientific data on how the immune system responds to infectious diseases. With its 2.0 launch, researchers worldwide can now easily access and analyze over 95% of published information on immune epitope responses.
A new study published in The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found a strong link between genetic predisposition and rotator cuff tears. Family members of patients with rotator cuff tears are at increased risk of similar tendon tears, suggesting that heredity plays a role in the development of the disease.
Scientists use DNA barcoding to identify mosquito species spreading lymphatic filariasis, a disease causing permanent disability worldwide. The technique reveals menace species habitats and range, aiding understanding of environmental factors influencing their breeding.
The Protected Areas Database – United States (PAD-US) is a national inventory of protected lands in the US. The database contains information on over 22,000 highly protected areas, covering 15% of the country's land area.
The DECIPHER database has revealed its developing role in revolutionizing both clinical practice and genetic research, providing a key to unlock the causes of illnesses. The data from around 100 centres has been shared openly worldwide, benefiting researchers, clinicians, and patients.
The Journal of Correctional Health Care has been accepted into the premier bibliographic database MEDLINE, making its research and case studies more accessible to a vast audience. The journal, published by SAGE on behalf of NCCHC, addresses correctional health care topics through original research, best practices, and literature reviews.
The Deep Sky project develops a user-friendly database system and interface to serve high-resolution cosmic reference images to astronomers worldwide. This enables instant access to processed observations for analysis, facilitating research in various scientific disciplines.
The University of Oregon's GEMs database has doubled in size, now featuring over 100 items on green chemistry strategies across various disciplines. The database allows educators to search by concept and contribute to threaded discussions, capturing the iterative process of greening laboratory activities.
A new decade-long database of aerosol measurements over land has been compiled, revealing a global decline in clear sky visibility from 1973 to 2007. This trend is indicative of increases in airborne pollution and its impact on climate change research.
The Comprehensive Dialysis Study (CDS) includes data on more than 1,600 patients, providing a valuable new resource for improving dialysis outcomes. Researchers can examine the interrelated factors affecting the health of new dialysis patients and identify predictive significance of early physical and nutritional status.
A study found that about 64% of US hospitals did not give tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to Medicare patients between 2005 and 2007. The researchers also discovered that 40% of the US population resides in a county without a hospital that provides tPA treatment.
A database detailing life history traits of over 4,000 animal species has been developed for studying ageing, evolution, and conservation. The AnAge resource provides insights into the mechanisms of ageing and how environmental adaptations influence lifespan, with potential applications in conservation efforts.
Researchers used electronic medical records to evaluate drug therapies, finding results comparable to randomized clinical trials in nine out of 17 outcomes. The study suggests enormous amounts of information within EMR databases can expand healthcare knowledge.
US Department of Homeland Security scientists have developed a magnetic resonance imaging-based system to detect harmful liquids, gels, and lotions in baggage and on passengers. The MagViz system is promising and may eventually replace traditional X-ray systems.
Researchers at Iowa State University used NCSS data to create a detailed Quaternary geologic map of the Des Moines Lobe, achieving strong agreement with existing maps. The map showcases finer detail and user-controllable scale, making it suitable for various disciplines.
The Voices from the Fisheries project, led by NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service, documents the human experience with the nation's coastal environments and living marine resources. The archive features oral histories from recreational and commercial fishermen, as well as communities and families that rely on them.
The UH Center for Public Policy will create a comprehensive real estate database to understand the complexities of foreclosure in Houston. The database will contain information on home sales, rents, listings, and foreclosures from 2000 to 2008.
Since 1970, India has faced over 4,100 terrorist attacks, resulting in 12,539 fatalities. The Global Terrorism Database reports that these incidents peaked in 1991 and 1992, with a total of 360 fatalities per year.
The RSC/ChemSpider InChI Resolver will enable scientists to share and search compound data using the InChI standard, promoting standardization in chemistry. The service will also provide tools for creating standard InChI data and depositing it for future use.
The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute has launched an online information system to identify and generate maps for 1,287 tropical eastern Pacific shore fish species. The system allows users to search by common name, location, shape, and color, and provides detailed information on each species.
A new imaging database of chick embryos will map gene expression during the first 10 days of development, providing insights into diseases like spina bifida and cancer. The £2.6 million initiative aims to understand why developmental problems occur.
The Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics has produced an encyclopaedic knowledge capturing the functions and interactions of human proteins. The dataset covers 20,325 human proteins and will speed up scientific work aimed at improving quality of life, particularly in combating genetic-based diseases.
A new approach, MisPred, uses five principles to identify suspect proteins with abnormal or incomplete annotations in public databases. The majority of errors are attributed to the absence of expected signal peptides and domain integrity violations.
Michigan State University scientists are creating a genomic database to improve biofuel crops, with a focus on cellulosic ethanol. The database will centralize information on various crops and provide data-mining tools, making it easier for researchers to access and compare genetic data.
The NIST model assigns a probable risk of attack to guide IT managers in securing their networks by analyzing all possible paths that system attackers could penetrate through. This allows decision makers to make wise decisions and investments to protect their network from data breaches.
The Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease has developed WikiPathways, an open collaborative platform for curating biological pathways. This tool enables easy participation from the scientific community in peer review, editorial curation, and maintenance of pathway content.
Researchers at Virginia Tech developed guidelines for designing and managing next-generation databases of biological parts. The study identified key needs for improvement, including standardization of DNA clones and quality control measures.
Researchers found that diversity among ancient marine creatures like clams and lobsters showed only a modest rise beginning 144 million years ago. The study contradicts previous work suggesting dramatic increases in diversity, providing insight into future diversity and the impact of global warming.
To keep up with the potential half-billion users, MySpace is working with a University of Southern California specialist to improve server performance. Researchers are exploring a new heuristic algorithm to maintain and replace data in DRAM, aiming to increase capacity and speed.