Articles tagged with Databases
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Plant Metabolic Network (PMN) is a web-based resource dedicated to understanding plant metabolism, providing researchers with essential information to engineer crops for food, biofuels, and medicines. The database currently contains over 500 biochemical pathways from 290 plant species.
Researchers analyzed DNA haplotype data from Iceland's genealogical database to identify the origin of hereditary cystatin C amyloid angiopathy (HCCAA). The study found that carriers lived a normal life span for 200 years before experiencing shortened lifespans, highlighting the impact of dietary changes on the disease.
Researchers in India have developed a comprehensive framework for gait recognition by computer, using statistical analysis and height measurements to classify individuals. The system can identify threats from a considerable distance, giving personnel more time to react before a suspect becomes a real threat.
A study analyzing US employer data found patients taking AVONEX reported significantly less sick leave, costs, and lost time compared to Copaxone. This suggests that AVONEX allows patients to maintain a normal lifestyle while reducing economic burdens on employers and healthcare insurers.
Human Genomics and Proteomics is an open-access journal publishing original and review articles on human genomics and proteomics. The journal's affiliation with the FINDbase database provides a platform for discussing research on personalized medicine, systems biology, and genetic disorders across various populations worldwide.
A study of over 43,000 Canadian patients reveals that two commonly used ACE inhibitors, enalapril and captopril, are associated with a 10-15% increase in mortality compared to ramipril for older adults with congestive heart failure. The authors recommend considering alternative treatments due to the higher mortality risk
A new online database provides a comprehensive list of somatic EGFR mutations, allowing clinicians to make more robust decisions about treatment options for non-small-cell lung cancer patients. The database includes data from thousands of patients and offers improved treatment outcomes for those receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Researchers applied data mining to a human resources database to discover patterns that can improve business efficiency and profits. By analyzing skills, qualifications, employment history, and interactions between personnel, businesses can predict natural staff turnover, morale changes, and employee performance.
Freelance creators face unclear legal positions due to disparate jurisdictions, leading to unclear ownership and control of digital exploitation rights. Clearer rules on contract formation and interpretation could resolve these issues.
The Avian Reintroduction & Translocation Database (ARTD) centralizes information on 128 bird species, 405 release sites and 1,207 events. It provides a valuable tool for wildlife managers to design future programs based on lessons learned from past projects.
Researchers demonstrated the vulnerability of Skyhook's WiFi Positioning System (WPS) to location spoofing attacks, exploiting forged MAC addresses and jamming access point signals to create an illusion of a different physical location.
The IN-CAM Outcomes Database aims to address gaps in CAM research by providing outcome measures and a forum for information exchange among researchers. This innovative initiative promises to lead to more effective treatments in the future.
The Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD) is a free online compendium that provides detailed biological entries for each species and an extensive catalogue of the thousands of genes expressed by these microbes. The database aims to facilitate research into oral diseases such as tooth decay and periodontal disease.
The Human Oral Microbiome Database provides detailed information on the 600 most common mouth bacteria, their role in oral health and general well-being. The database links genetic data to scientific literature and allows for analysis of microbe genomes.
The partnership aims to reduce the 'flood of information' in TAIR by allowing researchers to directly enter their own data through a web interface. This will increase data input from Plant Physiology articles, enhancing the overall dataset in TAIR.
A group of scientists, led by Stanford physicist Michael May, is urging an international push to improve nuclear forensics to prevent terrorist attacks. They recommend training, advanced equipment, and stronger ties to intelligence agencies to quickly identify the source of nuclear materials.
The American Physical Society (APS) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) report warns that the US is losing its expertise in rapidly identifying nuclear materials. The pipeline for replacing these specialists is almost empty, and university programs in radiochemistry have been dwindling.
Researchers at UW are testing a pilot project involving dozens of volunteers wearing electronic tags to track their location and belongings in the six-story building. The study aims to explore the benefits and drawbacks of RFID technology, including data privacy and personal space concerns.
Researchers have developed a new method to combine programming languages safely, eliminating injection attacks and providing absolute security. This breakthrough can be applied to various environments without additional effort from programmers.
The job situation for 2006 chemistry graduates is 'reasonably good' according to the American Chemical Society. The median salary for full-time, permanent employment for bachelor's graduates remained at $35,000. However, salaries for master's and Ph.D. graduates experienced significant declines.
The study found that using a pedometer with a daily step goal significantly increases physical activity by 26.9% and decreases body mass index and systolic blood pressure. Participants also experienced significant reductions in weight and improved health outcomes.
A new study combines data perturbation and query restriction to protect confidential information in statistical databases. The hybrid model provides accurate answers while maintaining online security.
A recent study published in Hepatology found that minority patients do not have worse outcomes after liver transplantation when treated at high-volume academic medical centers. The study, led by W. Ray Kim, analyzed data from over 2,800 adult patients and found no relationship between recipient race and survival.
Anastasia Ailamaki, a Carnegie Mellon professor, has been awarded the prestigious European Young Investigator (EURYI) Award. She will receive 1 million euros to establish a research team at Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne in Switzerland.
Leading UK funders launch initiative to support research using patient record databases, citing potential for improved public health measures. The effort aims to build confidence among the general public in the use of personal data for health research purposes.
The Bipolar Disorder Phenome Database offers a comprehensive resource for researchers to identify genes linked to bipolar disorder, utilizing over 5,000 patients' clinical data and DNA samples. This database complements existing genetic data and enables researchers to correlate specific symptoms with genetic material.
Researchers found that African-American women are more likely to present with later-stage and higher-grade tumors compared to Caucasians. Tumors from African-Americans also contain more poor prognostic molecular characteristics.
Researchers from Indiana University found that 68% of pediatrician malpractice cases were withdrawn or dismissed, and only 5% went to trial. Pediatricians accounted for only 2.97% of all malpractice claims, with median payments rising from $65,000 in 1985 to $270,000 in 2005.
The Genographic Project, launched in 2005, uses genetics to address anthropological questions globally. The project provides a periodically-updated database comprising all donated data and the Nearest Neighbor haplogroup prediction tool, allowing for accurate classification of mitochondrial lineages.
A study of Dutch rescue workers who responded to a fireworks explosion found increased rates of sick leave due to musculoskeletal and respiratory problems that persisted for 3-4 years after the disaster. Psychological symptoms, however, returned to pre-disaster levels within 2-3 years.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins created a publicly available database on phosphorylation events in proteins, known as PhosphoMotif Finder. The database contains nearly all chemical changes nature makes by adding phosphate to proteins manufactured in human cells.
A six-year UK study identified 12 major complications from epidural pain relief, including epidural abscesses and meningitis. Researchers call for a national database to track these complications and identify risk factors.
The Virtual Journal of Nanotechnology Environment, Health & Safety (VJ-Nano EHS) offers the most comprehensive knowledge base on peer-reviewed information focusing on nanomaterial impacts available to-date. ICON's online journal improves access to scientific findings on the benefits and risks of nanomaterials.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has created searchable databases of relevant product emission studies to estimate indoor pollutant sources and devise reduction strategies. The new electronic databases are linked with software tool ContamLink, accelerating the understanding of indoor air pollution.
The horse genome sequence has been successfully assembled, offering a comprehensive understanding of the equine genome. The data provides valuable insights into genetic variations in horses, which can help identify the causes of various diseases affecting these animals.
The Cornell-led International Tomato Sequencing Project will sequence the tomato genome and create a comprehensive database of genomic sequences, enabling researchers to study crop development and domestication. The project, funded by $1.8 million from the NSF, aims to tie together maps and genomes of all plants in the Solanaceae family.
Researchers found hundreds of shared epitopes among different virus strains, including conserved regions between avian and human viruses. The study provides key insights into how the immune system recognizes influenza viruses, shedding light on gaps in knowledge and potential vaccine targets.
The La Jolla Institute completed a first-of-its-kind study analyzing all published data worldwide on influenza A virus antibody and T cell epitopes. The study provides critical information for developing vaccines and therapies against both seasonal and pandemic influenza strains.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new approach to rapidly identify the gene responsible for high sodium levels in plants, shedding light on the likely origin of such differences. The method combines DNA microarrays with genetic databases to pinpoint genetic variations, offering a tool to study diverse plant properties.
The complexity of tooth surfaces reveals a species' diet, with carnivores and rodents having similar complexity despite differing diets. The MorphoBrowser database provides publicly available information on phenotypes, enabling scientists to study extinct animals' diets.
Physicist Michael Deem uses supercomputers and disused desktop PCs to catalog mineral designs, creating a database of over 3.4 million zeolite structures. This effort could lead to more efficient catalysts for chemical reactions.
A new database reveals a wide range of patient visits per year, with higher volume facilities concentrated in metropolitan areas. The study suggests different approaches may be needed to ensure access to emergency care for all Americans, particularly in rural settings.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute developed a technology to identify and quantify specific protein phosphorylation sites in response to stimuli. They discovered 6,600 phosphorylation sites in 2,244 proteins, with 90% being unknown, and created the Phosida database to share their findings.
The FBI's profiling method for serial killers is criticized for its limitations, particularly in cases involving women and non-Caucasian offenders. Experts argue that crime scenes often exhibit both organized and disorganized components, making it challenging to develop accurate profiles.
Chemistry Central Journal, a pioneering international open access journal, was unveiled at the American Chemical Society meeting in San Francisco. The journal aims to publish research in all areas of chemistry, with a focus on discipline-specific sections.
The study identifies two techniques for combating spam: improving Internet routing infrastructure security and developing algorithms to identify botnets. The researchers found that network-level properties, such as route hijacking, can be used to identify spammers and improve spam filtering.
Researchers found that when species colonize the deep sea, large-bodied species become smaller and small-bodied species become larger. This pattern is consistent with the island rule, which states that isolated animals evolve to be larger or smaller based on their environment.
Johns Hopkins researchers have created an online tool to help advance the search for causes and treatment of rare illnesses, known as 'orphan diseases'. The new database consolidates knowledge on genes contributing to cilia operations in the body, shedding light on their role in various common disorders.
NIST launches ILThermo, a free online database of physical properties for ionic liquids, including thermodynamic, transport, and structural information. The database includes over 200 ions and 300 ionic liquids with calculated uncertainties, facilitating comparison of measurements.
The Texas Smoke-Free Ordinance Database shows that over a quarter of Texas cities have passed new smoking ordinances since 2000. The database provides detailed information on smoking policies across the state, including summaries of various ordinances and enforcement measures.
Researchers have developed a Google-like system to analyze mammogram images, using principles of information theory and entropy-based indexing. The system reduces processing time for computer-assisted detection systems by one-fourth, allowing for more efficient diagnosis.
NIST's Multimodal Biometric Application Resource Kit (MBARK) enables flexible and reliable multimodal biometric applications by providing standardized middleware for integrating sensors from different manufacturers. This solution reduces complexity and costs, facilitating the development of secure sites and border access.
A new study by the National Pork Board and the US Department of Agriculture found that six common cuts of pork are 16 percent leaner than 15 years ago, with saturated fat dropping 27 percent. Pork tenderloin is just as lean as skinless chicken breast, containing only 2.98 grams of fat per 3-ounce serving.
A University of Toronto study analyzing 138 attacks during the second intifada found that revenge and retaliation were the primary motivators, with bombings not achieving strategic gains for Palestinians. The study also revealed that Israeli actions, such as killings, often prompted attacks, highlighting a cycle of violence.
A comprehensive literature-derived database of yeast interactions has been created, containing over 22,000 protein interactions and 11,000 genetic interactions. The database is publicly available and enables researchers to gain further insight into individual gene functions and biological network features in yeast.
The new USGENE database provides unparalleled resources for biosequence patents, offering advanced sequence searching methods and comprehensive search options. FIZ Karlsruhe partners with SequenceBase Corporation to offer the first access to this new database on STN International.
FELICS, a unique electronic infrastructure project funded by the European Union, offers unrestricted access to prominent biological databases. This initiative provides critical support for BRENDA and CheBI, facilitating navigation of the biological knowledge space for scientists.
The PACT software provides a framework that protects metadata while enabling semantic interoperation and sharing of information. It automatically regulates access to data, preserving security while allowing permitted access.
Researchers at VBI will utilize the database to identify key genes involved in tomato metabolism and apply RNA interference technology. The project aims to enhance tomato cultivation and expand its application in biotechnology research programs.
Researchers analyzed the American SEER database of over 45,000 women with early-stage breast cancer and found that being young was an independent indicator of poor survival. The study revealed a significant increase in the risk of dying from breast cancer in women under 45, with a hazard ratio of 1.03 for age.