Articles tagged with Information Technology
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Dialogue-Assisted Visual Environment for Geoinformation (DAVE_G) is a new system that enables crisis managers to visualize geospatial information on a large map using verbal and gesture commands. The system aims to improve decision-making in emergency management by providing real-time access to critical data.
The University of California, Santa Barbara researchers are tackling the challenge of integrating all-optical wavelength converter technology on a single chip. They aim to develop an approach that can simultaneously handle digital and analog signals, paving the way for future photonics system integration.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) has awarded UCSD a total of $22 million over five years to support research in information technology. The OptIPuter project, funded at $13.5 million, aims to develop a powerful distributed cyberinfrastructure for data-intensive scientific research and collaboration.
A Toronto-based researcher has developed a system that uses acoustic signals to locate and orient devices, mimicking the navigation abilities of blind people. The technology could lead to improved communication devices such as cell phones or hand-held computers within five to ten years.
The new technology uses small electric crystal chips that can be embedded into products and read by electromagnetic scanners, providing unique identification for individual items. The tags can be used for tracking, inventory management, and logistical tasks, offering possibilities such as checkout-free shopping.
The grant will double Cornell's high-performance computing capacity, making it available for business applications and research. CTC will offer consulting services and training on parallel computing and Windows-based technologies to help businesses and institutions expand their computing environment.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) recommends a single official to coordinate R&D across 26 agencies. This coordination is essential for advancing planned Department of Homeland Security initiatives and investigating terrorism.
The new Stratospheric Satellites use NASA-developed super-pressure balloons to fly at 110,000 feet and provide 20 times higher resolution surface images of disasters than space-based satellites. With a projected life-cycle cost of $500,000 or less per unit, these satellites are poised to revolutionize disaster monitoring and telecommun...
A study by Dr. Eileen Trauth found that women in IT face unique challenges depending on their cultural background, family support, and personal experiences. The researcher suggests that respecting individual differences and providing tailored encouragement can help women resist social shaping and succeed in the field.
Researchers can now perform innovative and massive new calculations, including simulating synthetic environments and analyzing genomic data. The tera-scale capability enables the creation of artificial agents with fine granularities, providing a more accurate representation of reality.
The Ohio University team, dubbed the 'Robobcats,' has developed soccer-playing robots that employ artificial intelligence to devise play strategies. The technology also has practical applications in disaster response and space exploration.
A virtual robot developed by researchers at Leiden University Medical Center can accurately outline the damaged areas of a patient's heart muscle using MRI images. The robot uses machine learning algorithms to create 'surgically precise' contours, eliminating the need for manual drawing and increasing efficiency.
A survey of nearly 2,500 employed people in Britain found that employees express declining loyalty to their organisations, working harder and longer. However, a growing proportion of the workforce needs advanced information technology skills, with most occupational groups indicating these skills are essential for their work.
The University of Washington has been awarded a $16 million National Science Foundation grant to establish a center for materials and devices in information technology research. The center will receive funding over five years, with the potential for more than twice that amount over 10 years.
The study found that a love of problem solving and challenge, as well as support from men and teachers, were key factors in women's career choices. Non-traditional degrees and on-the-job training also played a role in women's access to IT jobs.
The Association for Women in Computing presents the prestigious Lovelace Award to Dr. Dorothy Denning, recognizing her significant impact on information technology. This notable achievement solidifies Dr. Denning's position as a trailblazer in the field, inspiring future generations of women in computing.
A new study found that smaller communities of websites accumulate incoming links in a more evenly balanced way, making them less susceptible to malicious attacks. The research suggests that the web's growth pattern is driven by rational processes rather than a desire to connect with dominant sites.
The new center will identify and track special outreach efforts by libraries nationwide, merging IU's medical informatics strengths with geographic information systems technology. It aims to provide a unique database for researchers to pinpoint health outreach activities.
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute researchers have developed a method to grow carbon nanotubes up, out, and in all three dimensions, providing unprecedented control over their growth. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of Lilliputian devices and complex networks comprised of molecular units.
Recent research in social informatics reveals that information and communication technologies often have unintended outcomes, such as harming group communications and exacerbating social differences. The studies highlighted the need for frameworks to expose value conflicts embedded in ICT design, but these are not widely practiced.
Researchers at University of Houston develop new direct molecular sensing technology for rapid genetic information sequencing, potentially saving lives in bioterrorism attacks. The technology could also enable personalized medicine by tailoring treatments to an individual's unique genetic makeup.
Huang will teach an MBA course and conduct research to assess the impact of information technology on supply-chain management in Portuguese companies. His previous research explored aggregate production planning models that reflect business practices and culture.
The FaceIt face recognition system uses local feature analysis to capture tiny components of the face, allowing it to recognize faces even when only a portion is visible. It can track up to 10 faces simultaneously and search for matches against a database at a rate of 60 million/minute.
Cornell University has received a $150,000 grant from Microsoft to develop language-based security for mobile code. The new technology aims to protect computers from viruses and malicious code downloaded from the internet.
The E-Screening Pilot Program uses electronic screening to check a moving vehicle's weight, height, safety history and tax/registration status. Cleared vehicles bypass weigh stations while those flagged 'at risk' are directed in for closer inspection.
Rutgers University has received significant funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF) for its information technology research projects. The university's computer science and engineering departments are among the recipients, with projects focused on pervasive computing, smart messages, and data analysis.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) has funded a virtual collaborative research network called NEESgrid. This initiative aims to improve seismic design and hazard mitigation by providing researchers with access to cutting-edge computational tools and experimental equipment, enabling them to share data and resources.
Robert S. Langer will deliver a presentation on biomaterials and their impact on medicine, revolutionizing drug delivery and tissue engineering. His research has led to groundbreaking treatments for brain cancer, including an FDA-approved treatment that extends patient lives with fewer side effects.
Researchers tested new electro-mechanical actuator technology in a hot-fire test series, demonstrating its potential for future spacecraft propulsion systems. The successful test aimed to increase safety and reduce costs for space travel by reducing propellant flow rates and stresses on the actuators.
Global e-commerce growth is expected to significantly impact the transport industry, leading to a 50-100% increase in intercity freight trips and air travel by 2005. This shift is driven by increasing customer expectations for 'right now' deliveries and the need for more flexible, fragmented, and on-demand transport services.
The Knowledge Wall is an ONR-funded concept using commercial technology to display relevant data on a single wall. It was installed onboard the USS CORONADO, addressing issues faced by naval decision-makers.
A trio of Temple University computer scientists develop a framework to provide wide-ranging IT education to non-computer science majors. The project aims to change attitudes toward technology and foster second-level courses across various disciplines.
A University of Michigan project enables space weather researchers worldwide to share data, models, and instruments, bridging geographical gaps. Collaborative technology also empowers small universities to access expensive equipment and interact with a broader scientific community.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University and Bell Labs have found clues that subvert the natural law of thermal expansion, suggesting the possibility of creating composite materials that actually shrink under heat. This discovery could lead to significant advancements in various fields, including computing and telecommunications.
A new University of Washington cable television channel, Traffic TV, will broadcast real-time rush-hour traffic updates starting June 1. The service provides live video footage of traffic choke points and estimated travel speeds along area highways.
Georgia court officials are using a new database to systematically pool information about criminal activity and other court-related matters. The database, designed by the Georgia Tech Research Institute, provides a wealth of case-related data that can help officials make more informed decisions.
Researchers at the University of Illinois found that individuals who use electronic communications report more total communications than those using only traditional methods. This suggests a potential problem with 'communication overload',
The World Wide Web Consortium has formed a new initiative to address web accessibility for people with disabilities. Judy Brewer, director of the International Program Office, will discuss the activities and impact of accessible design, as well as marketing benefits for non-disabled technology users.
The US Congress's Office of Technology Policy and the Japan Documentation Center co-hosted a conference on access to Japanese scientific, technical, and business information. The event explored the impact of the Internet on access issues and featured presentations from leading experts in the field.
The GovNews Project introduces a new category on Usenet, facilitating the delivery of official notices, news, announcements, reports, and publications from government agencies. Millions of people will now be able to participate in discussions on topics like privatization, procurements, and environmental issues.