Articles tagged with Cancer Medication
Researchers at Ohio State University found that androgen receptor activates different genes when bound to antiandrogens, suggesting new targets for prostate cancer treatment. Antiandrogen response elements were discovered, which activate oncogenes relevant to tumor progression.
A Purdue University study found that a combination of low doses of metformin and gene inhibitor BI2536 can successfully halt the growth of late-stage prostate cancer tumors, potentially prolonging patients' lives. The treatment promotes self-destruction of cancer cells and prevents androgen synthesis.
The Vilcek Foundation has awarded Peter Walter the $100,000 Vilcek Prize in Biomedical Science for his pioneering work on protein transport and stress response. Sun Hur and Rob Knight also received $50,000 Creative Promise Prizes for their innovative research on enzyme reactions and microbial communities.
Researchers found that anti-TB granulomas have abnormal blood vessel networks, similar to solid tumors, which limit drug penetration. Treating these vessels with bevacizumab improved drug delivery and reduced oxygen-starved cells.
Researchers discovered that EBV microRNAs block a key component of the human immune system called interferon response. This finding explains why some cancer therapies fail in certain cases and may lead to new treatments for viral cancers.
Cardiothoracic surgeons are stepping back as vascular specialists play a larger role in managing patients with Type B aortic dissections. Advances in minimally invasive endovascular surgery have driven this shift.
The CUDC-101 clinical trial, conducted at the University of Colorado Cancer Center, demonstrated activity against key drivers of head and neck cancer. In the study, patients with medium- to high-risk head and neck cancer showed significant results after treatment with CUDC-101 combined with radiation and chemotherapy.
Researchers found that attaching chemotherapy drug Epirubicin to nanodiamonds effectively eliminates chemoresistant cancer stem cells. The study demonstrates the use of nanotechnology to repurpose existing chemotherapy drugs as effective agents against chemoresistant cancer stem cells.
Scientists at UC San Diego School of Medicine discovered that enzymes believed to promote cancer actually suppress tumors. Correcting a loss-of-function PKC mutation in colon cancer cells reduced tumor growth in mouse models, demonstrating normal PKC activity inhibits cancer.
Researchers identified a genetic mutation that may contribute to tumours becoming resistant to current treatments. The study also found a link between defective copies of the DNA repair gene XRCC2 and platinum-based chemotherapy resistance.
Researchers used denoising autoencoders to effectively extract key biological principles from breast cancer gene expression data, resulting in gene expression features that generalize across studies and represent important clinical factors.
A study at Brown University found that reducing Myc gene activity increased the healthy lifespan of laboratory mice by 15%. The mice exhibited better health and organ function, with reduced signs of aging. The study's findings offer encouragement for developing cancer drugs targeting Myc and potential benefits for human health.
A team of investigators at the University of Calgary has identified potential drug targets for neurocutaneous melanocytosis (NCM), a rare childhood cancer. The study used molecular analysis of patient tumor cells grown in animal models, revealing new insights into the disease's biology and suggesting possible treatments.
Researchers have identified a new potential treatment targeting the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway in cancer cells. Treatment with a small molecule inhibitor suppressed growth and survival of ALT-positive tumor cells.
Researchers found that inactive EGFR is involved in autophagy, a process where cells consume nonessential contents to survive. Cancer cells use this process to thrive under stressful conditions. Combining drugs that block autophagy with those that inactivate EGFR could be an effective way to treat cancers
Cancer experts will discuss how to work together to accelerate progress towards a cure, expand global access to prevention, treatment, and care. The World Economic Forum is the right platform to address the urgent need for bold action.
Researchers have identified genetic markers associated with severe neurological toxicity in patients treated with paclitaxel, a highly effective but toxic chemotherapeutic drug. The study found that specific genetic variants can lead to reduced drug excretion and increased toxicity, allowing for personalized treatment risk assessment.
A 40-year study found sustained community-wide programs in rural Maine reduced hospitalizations and death rates by targeting cardiovascular risk factors. Improvements were seen in hypertension control, cholesterol management, and smoking cessation.
Researchers suggest that the tumor microenvironment could play a significant role in cancer treatment and delivery of nanoparticle-based drugs. They found varying levels of drug delivery between two triple-negative breast cancer tumors, highlighting the importance of personalized medicine and better profiling of tumors.
A phase II clinical trial has demonstrated that sunitinib, an FDA-approved drug, provides unprecedented antitumor activity in thymic carcinoma, a rare and aggressive tumor of the thymus gland. The study found that disease control was achieved in over 90% of patients who had failed chemotherapy.
Researchers at CNIO discovered that Notch genes act as tumour suppressors in bladder cancer, clarifying their role and providing clues for understanding their dual function. The study cautions against using therapeutic strategies based on Notch deactivation due to potential increased risk of developing squamous-type tumours.
A new use of an existing antibody cocktail has been confirmed to provide key information about tumor recurrence in head and neck cancer patients. The ProExC cocktail allows pathologists to differentiate between true pre-neoplasia and reactive biopsies, enabling surgeons to make informed decisions about therapeutic interventions.
A new study found that high-dose testosterone therapy can suppress advanced prostate cancers and reverse resistance to testosterone-blocking drugs. Seven of the 14 men showed a significant decrease in PSA levels, while four stayed on testosterone therapy for up to 24 months with continued low PSA levels.
A phase 2 clinical trial found that a combination of lower-intensity chemotherapy and targeted drug trastuzumab significantly reduced the risk of cancer recurrence in women with small, HER2-positive breast tumors. After three years, 98.7% of participants were alive and free of invasive breast cancer.
A new study suggests that dopamine can prevent the growth of blood vessels in tumors without causing serious side effects, unlike existing anti-angiogenic drugs. Dopamine also prevents low neutrophil counts induced by chemotherapy, making it a potential alternative for gastrointestinal cancer treatment.
A large study found a strong association between eating more whole grains and lower total and cardiovascular mortality rates. The researchers estimated that every serving of whole grains per day was associated with a 5% lower total mortality rate or a 9% lower CVD mortality rate.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University identified a way to increase the presence of the 53BP1 protein, which weakens cancer cells and makes them more susceptible to radiation and chemotherapy. The breakthrough could lead to improved cancer treatment outcomes if supported by animal model tests.
A recent article describes clinical trials targeting TRK fusions in various cancer types, including lung, breast, and melanoma. The TRK family of genes can cause cancer when improperly fused with other nearby genes.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have found that feeding mice Neu5Gc promotes spontaneous cancers and systemic inflammation. The study suggests a potential link between red meat consumption and cancer risk, and may also explain connections to other diseases exacerbated by chronic inflammation.
Researchers developed a scoring system using biomarkers to predict patient response to GVHD treatment, allowing for personalized treatment approaches. The new system may identify patients who require experimental treatments and those who are over-treated.
Researchers found that bisphosphonate users were half as likely to develop endometrial cancer, suggesting a potential preventive effect. The study suggests that women taking bone-strengthening medications with increased endometrial cancer risk may benefit from nitrogen-form bisphosphonates.
A team of researchers has discovered a previously unknown form of multidrug resistance in cancer cells, known as inducible drug glucuronidation. By understanding this chemical pathway, scientists may be able to develop new treatments that can overcome this resistance and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine developed a sugar-based molecular microcapsule that eliminates the toxicity of an anticancer agent, stopping tumor progression in mice while protecting healthy tissues. The encapsulated drug is now a promising candidate for clinical trials for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have discovered a single protein responsible for triggering allergic reactions to various medications, including cancer drugs and antibiotics. A new drug targeting this protein could improve treatment outcomes for patients with conditions such as prostate cancer and diabetes.
The Hotnet2 algorithm identified 16 subnetworks of genes mutated with surprising frequency in cancer samples. The research provides new leads for somatic mutations driving cancer and may help prioritize experiments towards specific genes and pathways.
Researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University have discovered a novel microRNA-gene interaction that could lead to new therapies for malignant glioma, the most common and deadly form of brain tumor. Increasing miR-184 expression slows glioma cell growth by regulating SND1, a cancer-promoting gene.
A Dartmouth study found that low-income adolescents consume more fruits and vegetables when eating at school, while high-income peers consume fewer during the school months. School food plays a crucial role in improving dietary quality among vulnerable students.
A new family of cancer drugs targeting multiple key proteins could treat incurable skin cancers. The panRAF inhibitors showed effectiveness in patients with melanoma resistant to BRAF inhibitors.
Research reveals that blocking androgen receptors can reduce the growth of estrogen-positive breast cancers and kill triple-negative breast cancer cells. Combining these drugs with HER2 or mTOR-targeting therapies shows promise for increased effectiveness in treating breast cancer.
A phase II trial found that a combination of bortezomib and fulvestrant delayed disease progression in post-menopausal women with hormone-receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer. The study showed a doubled rate of survival at 12 months compared to fulvestrant alone.
Researchers have identified a novel therapeutic approach using gamma secretase inhibitors (GSI) to inhibit Notch and block critical genes involved in tumor growth. The study suggests that GSI may optimize existing endocrine therapies and overcome resistance to cancer drugs.
Myriad Genetics announced new studies on its myRisk Hereditary Cancer test, detecting 105% more mutations than conventional BRCA testing. The test also showed promising results in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) by predicting response to platinum-based therapy. Additionally, the company's BRACAnalysis molecular diagnostic test sig...
Market-access agreements for anti-cancer drugs lack transparency, leading to higher prices for patients in small and low-income countries. The financial arrangements between pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems are kept confidential, making it difficult for these countries to negotiate lower prices.
A team of researchers has discovered a way to make triple-negative breast cancer cells susceptible to chemotherapy by inhibiting the HIF protein network. The study found that HIF inhibitors can decrease tumor size and prevent relapse in mice, offering new hope for treatment-resistant patients.
A phase three study has demonstrated increased survival rates among AML patients who relapse, with combination therapy employing cytarabine and vosaroxin showing significant benefits. Patients over 60 years old experienced the greatest overall survival benefit from the treatment.
A phase two study demonstrated that a combination of azacitidine and lenalidomide is an effective frontline treatment regimen for patients with higher-risk forms of myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia. The therapy was well tolerated in the study of 88 patients.
New immunotherapy treatments aim to enable the body's natural defenses to recognize and destroy malignant cells. Studies present promising early data that encourage long-term outcomes among patients who have not responded to other therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors and drugs targeting the PD-1 pathway.
Studies presented at the ASH Annual Meeting show that immunotherapy drugs pembrolizumab and nivolumab are producing dramatic responses in Classical Hodgkin lymphoma patients. These results are promising for patients with few treatment options left, highlighting the potential of immunotherapies to work in various types of cancer.
In a groundbreaking clinical trial, nivolumab achieved complete or partial remission in 87% of patients with resistant Hodgkin lymphoma. The treatment targets the immune system, reactivating T cells to attack cancer cells.
Researchers have developed a new technique to wrap chemotherapy drugs in fatty covers called liposomes, reducing heart damage and improving cardiac function. The study found that the group receiving Myocet had better diastolic and systolic function compared to conventional doxorubicin, with less fibrosis development.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center show that YK-4-279 prevents tumor growth and spread in mice with prostate cancer harboring a common chromosomal abnormality. The agent targets the ETS fusion, producing new genes that push cancer cells to become more aggressive.
Researchers have developed a novel approach to drug screening that could more precisely tailor chemotherapy to a patient's individual blood cancer type. By correcting for the matrix effect, Shin and Mooney believe their approach could identify a subset of drugs that will be more likely to be effective against chronic myeloid leukemias.
A team of Michigan State University scientists has discovered an enzyme, called POPB, which converts toxins into cyclic peptides with missile-like precision in the human liver. This breakthrough could lead to single-minded medicines with zero side effects by harnessing the distinct properties of POPB.
A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that crizotinib significantly improves symptoms and delays cancer growth in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer. The trial involved 343 previously untreated patients, showing promising results without unexpected side effects.
A large study found that the benefits of regular low-dose aspirin in healthy women are outweighed by its drawbacks. However, limiting its use to women over 65 may lead to a better balance between risk and benefit. The study involved nearly 30,000 women aged 45 and above.
A new study of over 1 million people found no link between pioglitazone or rosiglitazone and bladder cancer, contradicting previous studies. The study used a different approach to minimize bias and found no dose-response relationship between the drugs and bladder cancer risk.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine found that the chemotherapy drug topotecan suppresses a gene essential for normal brain function, leading to neurological side effects like memory loss and confusion. The effects are reversible upon removal of the drug, suggesting a potential link to autism.
A study of 596 patients found that those taking antacid medications had significantly better overall survival rates than non-users. The results suggest that proton pump inhibitors and histamine 2 blockers may have a favorable impact on patient outcomes.
Researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital discovered that bisphosphonates block abnormal growth signals passed through the human EGF receptors, which drive some tumors. The study suggests that bisphosphonates could be used to prevent or treat lung, breast, and colon cancers.
Researchers identify chemical pathway disrupting behaviour in Fragile X patients and find potential treatment using cancer drug cercosporamide. The drug blocks the pathway, improving sociability in mice with the condition.