Articles tagged with Cancer Medication
A recent study published in ecancermedicalscience found that cimetidine, an over-the-counter medication, can increase survival rates in colorectal cancer. The ReDO project aims to repurpose other common medicines for cancer treatment, offering promising alternatives to expensive anti-cancer drugs.
Scientists from Queen Mary University of London have developed a new therapy for advanced bladder cancer, showing significant tumor shrinkage in patients. The treatment, MPDL3280A, has been given breakthrough therapy designation status by the US FDA and has promising results in a phase one clinical trial.
A promising immunotherapy drug, MPDL3280A, shows improved efficacy in patients whose immune cells initially attack cancer but are shut down by PD-L1. Researchers found that tumor expression of PD-L1 in surrounding immune cells is a key indicator of response to the treatment.
A new drug called Bozepinib has been successfully tested against cancerogenic stem cells in mice, proving its efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. Researchers are now conducting safety tests before running the drug on actual patients.
A two-year study by the Stand Up To Cancer - Cancer Research Institute Immunology Translational Research Dream Team found that pembrolizumab removes PD-1, freeing up immune cells to kill cancer cells. The study validated a pathway to determine patient responsiveness and anticipated better drug combinations for more patients with melanoma.
Researchers found that metformin use was associated with a 23% decrease in mortality compared to other treatments, and may have therapeutic benefits for certain types of cancer, including breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers.
Researchers have discovered a combination of two drugs that target both the MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways, resulting in more effective killing of colorectal cancer cells. The dual approach overcomes the limitations of individual drug treatments, showing promise for treating laboratory models of colorectal cancer.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati have found a Food and Drug Administration-approved therapy effective in treating older and African American patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The study suggests that gefitinib improves quality of life and outcomes for this subgroup of patients, who often face limited treatment options.
Researchers developed LipoLLA, a therapeutic nanoparticle containing linolenic acid that effectively kills Helicobacter pylori bacteria in mice. The treatment also reduced inflammation and was non-toxic, making it a promising alternative to standard antibiotics.
Researchers have found that selenium compounds can effectively block immunostimulatory molecules in cancer cells, which overactivate the immune system. This breakthrough could lead to better cancer drugs with fewer adverse effects, slowing down cancer development.
A multi-centre clinical trial suggests that a combination of three targeted drugs may be more effective than one drug for certain patients with advanced BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer. The treatment, which includes encorafenib, cetuximab, and alpelisib, showed improved efficacy and extended progression-free survival in patients.
A phase I clinical trial has demonstrated that ASP8273 causes tumour shrinkage in patients with treatment-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have both the EGFR and T790M mutations. The overall response rate is 78%, comparable to other drugs in development.
The STING pathway plays a crucial role in detecting tumor cells and promoting an aggressive anti-tumor response. Activating the pathway triggers production of chemical signals that help the immune system identify tumor cells and generate killer T cells.
Salk scientists unveil a new method that enables detection of fleeting protein interactions, which could dramatically accelerate cancer drug discovery. The ReBiL method, published in Cell Reports, provides an immediate platform to screen for badly needed new drug candidates.
Researchers have developed a potent and systematic AC inhibitor, tilting the balance between pro-aging/death and pro-life chemical signals in favor of death. The compound may be used as 'chemosensitizers' to enhance anti-tumoral drug efficacy.
PharmaMar presents results highlighting a pipeline of targeted therapies, including Aplidin, an antitumoral compound targeting eEF1A2, and an ADC combining a marine-derived agent with trastuzumab. The company's pipeline includes multiple compounds in clinical development for various tumor types.
Scientists have found a biological indicator that can predict which women without BRCA1/2 mutations will respond well to the PARP inhibitor rucaparib. The biomarker is related to genomic loss of heterozygosity, and its presence indicates that patients with ovarian cancers may benefit from treatment.
A new study by researchers at Intermountain Medical Center Heart Institute found no increased risk of breast cancer in women taking calcium channel blocker medications. The study, which analyzed over 3,700 women with long-term use of the medication, showed a minimal increase in risk and a 50% reduced risk in some cases.
Researchers discovered that immune cells secrete molecules across a small gap, which larger drugs struggle to penetrate. Smaller molecules are key to targeting immune cells, offering new ideas for treating auto-immune diseases and increasing cancer reactivity.
Patients with B-cell Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and advanced solid tumors have responded to the new drug E7438, a histone methyltransferase inhibitor. The drug has shown anti-tumor effects in four patients with refractory lymphoma and one patient with a malignant rhabdoid tumor, indicating potential for personalized medical therapy.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center have made a breakthrough discovery that may lead to a reliable diagnostic test for predicting which patients will respond to immunotherapy drugs like ipilimumab. The study found that tumors with high numbers of gene mutations are more likely to benefit from the treatment.
Researchers at Salk Institute develop a powerful dual-drug therapy that doubles the survival rate of mice with lung cancer and halts cancer in pancreatic cells. The treatment combines two existing drugs, Zometa and rapamycin, to successfully target KRAS mutation.
Researchers found minimal increased risk in one study and a 50% reduced risk in another, leading to continued use of calcium channel blocker medications. The study's results contradict a previous report suggesting a higher risk of breast cancer among women taking the medication.
The Endocrine Society suggests a single dose of IV zoldedronate as the first-choice treatment for Paget's disease. This option can put the condition into remission for up to six years, making it a preferred choice over oral medications with gastrointestinal side effects.
Chemists developed a new way to manufacture natural chemicals by clipping smaller molecules together, enabling the efficient assembly of scarce anti-inflammatory drugs like pseudopterosin. This breakthrough could lead to cheaper ways to produce rare drugs in large quantities.
A phase I/II clinical trial has demonstrated that rociletinib, a new oral EGFR inhibitor, can respond to treatment-resistant advanced non-small cell lung cancer, including those with the T790M resistance mutation. The overall response rate was 46%, and disease control rate was 84% among patients who received the pivotal dose.
Researchers have successfully developed a treatment that reduces the risk of skin graft rejection by combining interleukin 2 with rapamycin. The treatment has shown promising results in mice, with no signs of rejection observed after 30 days.
Researchers found galeterone to be effective in lowering PSA levels and stabilizing disease in patients with CRPC. The drug showed promising activity against the AR-V7 variant, a mechanism of resistance in this disease.
A phase I trial of AG-120, an oral inhibitor of mutant IDH1, has shown clinical activity in patients with advanced acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and the IDH1 mutation. The drug reduced 2-HG levels to normal, allowing cells to mature into normal functioning cells.
A phase 1/2 study found the combination of weekly ixazomib plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone to be generally well-tolerated and active in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, resulting in a partial response rate of 92%. The study supports the development of a phase 3 trial for this combination.
A study published in Nature found that thiazolidinediones, a class of diabetes drugs, work by targeting the CDK5 pathway, but unexpectedly led researchers to discover the ERK kinase instead. MEK inhibitors, initially developed for cancer treatment, have been shown to improve insulin resistance in mouse models of diabetes
Researchers found that altering the p53 gene family causes rapid regression of tumors deficient in or lacking p53. Existing diabetes drugs that impact the same gene-protein pathway might be effective for cancer treatment.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine developed a way to chemically disguise RNAi drugs so they can enter cells. The technique converts disguised drug precursors into active RNAi drugs that selectively block target protein production in a cell.
Researchers used big data analysis to identify crizotinib, a cancer drug, as a possible candidate for a new stent coating. The medication helped prevent stent disease and protected the endothelium without affecting blood vessel lining in mice.
Researchers at EPFL have identified an alternative part of Abl-kinase on which drugs can bind with reduced risk of drug resistance. This new approach may overcome the problem of tumor drug resistance, offering a potential treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia.
A new study suggests that malfunctioning tau, not amyloid-beta plaque, is the key event triggering neuron death in Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found that when tau fails to function, neurons can't clear toxic proteins, leading to cell death.
Researchers developed a fluorescence imaging technique to accurately identify protein receptors in tumors without tissue biopsy. The new approach strongly correlates with clinical immunohistochemistry and may impact oncology patient outcomes.
Researchers developed an anti-cancer drug that protects normal cells from radiation damage while sparing cancer cells. The compound, RTA 408, increases the effectiveness of radiation therapy in prostate cancer models and has potential applications for treating accidental radiation exposure.
Researchers have developed a synthetic anti-cancer molecule JK-31 that blocks the signalling of a 'growth factor' chemical promoting blood vessel networks to feed tumours. The molecule also inhibits a protein controlling cancer cell division and proliferation.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital describe a new screening platform that combines genetic and pharmacologic screening of tumors, enabling truly individualized treatment regimens. The approach identifies previously unknown resistance mechanisms, several of which were not detectable by gene sequencing alone.
The UK's Pancreatic Cancer Research Fund has invested £1.2 million in seven new projects aimed at developing new treatments for pancreatic cancer. The projects will focus on targeting the energy supply of cancer cells and improving chemotherapy absorption, among other areas.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found that TAK-733, a next-gen melanoma drug, exhibited anti-cancer activity in 10 out of 11 patient tumor samples grown in mice. The drug showed significant shrinkage in tumors up to 100%, regardless of BRAF mutation status.
Domperidone has been found to increase milk supply in breastfeeding women with no reported significant adverse effects. Its use is associated with modest improvements in breast milk volume, supporting long-term health benefits for both mothers and babies.
Researchers found that the current classification system for colorectal cancer cannot be used to predict drug responses to FOLFIRI. The study suggests that a new approach is needed to make informed treatment decisions.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have found that combining AZD3965 with radiotherapy reduces tumour growth in mice and increases anti-tumour effects. The study suggests a new treatment approach for cancer patients by targeting tumours through metabolism
Researchers discovered that bisphosphonates can inhibit cancer spread in some women with breast cancer by attaching to calcifications in tumors and being devoured by immune cells. This finding could lead to new, more effective ways of using these drugs to treat certain cancers.
A new drug-based treatment may offer effective options for teenagers with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), a devastating condition that affects 1 in 25,000 people worldwide. Researchers will investigate the mechanism of NF2 and explore how existing drugs can be repurposed to treat the condition.
Researchers found a new strategy and potential drug to target faulty Ras protein, which causes cancer by producing excess signals. This breakthrough offers opportunities for developing new treatments that exploit the discovery without harming healthy cells.
A trial revealed that patients with a specific type of esophageal cancer who received the lung cancer drug gefitinib survived longer, with some patients living up to six months beyond their initial treatment. The drug has shown promise as a targeted treatment for this disease.
NSAIDs protect against colorectal cancer by inducing cell suicide pathways in intestinal stem cells carrying a mutated gene. The research team found that NSAIDs activate the so-called death receptor pathway, selectively triggering a suicide program in dysfunctional cells. This mechanism could help design new drugs to prevent colon cancer.
A new study by the RAND Corporation estimates that biosimilar drugs could save the US healthcare system $44.2 billion over 10 years by reducing costs and increasing competition. The introduction of biosimilars is expected to drive down prices for complex biologic drugs used to treat illnesses such as cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.
The Cancer Health Literacy Study developed an evaluation tool called the Cancer Health Literacy Test (CHLT)-30 to measure cancer health literacy along a continuum. The study found that 18% of cancer patients have limited CHL, with an overrepresentation of African-American, undereducated and low-income patients.
Researchers found that eribulin improves overall survival of women with metastatic triple negative breast cancer and HER2 negative breast cancer by nearly five months and two months respectively. Eribulin, originally developed from sea sponges, is a microtubule inhibitor that stops cancer cells from separating into new cells.
A study published in Molecular Neurodegeneration finds that tau, not amyloid-beta plaque, causes neuronal death in Alzheimer's disease. The researchers suggest that remaining Abeta inside the neuron destroys cells, while malfunctioning tau prevents cells from clearing toxic proteins.
Synthetic lethality harnesses genetic differences between tumor cells and normal cells to minimize side effects on normal cells, while maximizing drug effects on cancer cells. This approach has shown promising results in treating breast cancer patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.
Researchers developed a new strategy to detect bladder cancer using CD47, a protein that signals the immune system not to attack. The technique improves bladder cancer detection, guides precise surgery, and reduces unnecessary biopsies, increasing patients' quality of life.
A recent study found that androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) increases the risk of heart-related deaths in men with congestive heart failure or prior heart attacks. The study analyzed data from 5,077 men with prostate cancer, revealing a 3.3-times increased risk of heart-related deaths in this subgroup.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have developed a technique to test the effectiveness of anti-cancer drugs on individual patients' tumors in a dish, using fluorescence imaging to monitor the response. The test can detect significant drops in metabolic activity levels within 72 hours, allowing doctors to identify the most effective ...
A pilot clinical trial at UTHealth Medical School found that AHCC increased the number and activity of Natural Killer cells, helping fight off infections and tumor growth. Five women achieved negative HPV test results after six months of treatment, with confirmed eradication in three.
Researchers found that generic aromatase inhibitors increased treatment adherence by 50% compared to brand-name counterparts, while also decreasing co-payment costs. The study highlights the critical need to address medication non-adherence, particularly in the context of costly oral cancer therapies.