Articles tagged with Cancer Medication
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The US Preventive Services Task Force found no evidence that screening for oral cancer by primary care physicians reduces morbidity or mortality. Oral cancer is often diagnosed at advanced stages, highlighting the importance of earlier diagnosis.
A large study found a significant association between a history of airborne allergies, particularly to plants, grass, and trees, and an increased risk of hematologic malignancies in women. The study suggests that chronic immune stimulation may play a role in the development of blood cancers in women.
Transplant recipients who suppress their immune systems with powerful medications may inadvertently allow a mysterious microorganism called the anellovirus to thrive, Stanford researchers report. The study found that levels of anellovirus rose significantly as immunosuppressant drugs took effect.
Researchers at UCSF have developed a new strategy to block the mutated ras protein, which drives three out of ten cancers, including lung and colon cancers. The small molecules efficiently kill ras-driven cancer cells in human lung cancer cell cultures.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found that crizotinib treatment reduces kidney function in ALK positive non-small cell lung cancer patients. Kidney function recovered after treatment, but additional tests are recommended if concerns arise.
The study found that men taking tasquinimod saw no cancer progression for an average of 7.6 months, compared to 3.3 months for placebo. Men whose cancer had already metastasized to their bones and took tasquinimod remained progression-free for even longer, with an average survival benefit of seven months.
Arvin Dar, Ph.D., a structural and chemical biologist at Mount Sinai, is awarded $2.5 million to investigate new targets for interrupting the Ras pathway. The goal is to develop new classes of small molecule drugs that impede cancers.
A new study from MIT biologists found that tumor cells with mutated p53 can be made more vulnerable to chemotherapy by blocking the MK2 gene. In a study of mice, tumors lacking both p53 and MK2 shrank dramatically when treated with the drug cisplatin.
A molecule that helps cells stick together is over-produced in rheumatoid arthritis and various cancers, including breast and brain tumors. The discovery of cadherin-11 has led to the development of candidate drugs to inhibit its expression, with one already in a clinical trial.
Researchers found that regulatory T-cells express high levels of the enzyme ALDH and are resistant to cyclophosphamide, allowing them to protect patients from graft-versus-host disease. This discovery may lead to new therapies to prevent or treat cancer relapse after a transplant.
Researchers found that modulating the hormonal environment makes endometrial cancers more sensitive to PARP inhibitors. In high estrogen environments, tumors did not respond to the therapy due to increased DNA repair capabilities.
A study published in Physics in Medicine and Biology found that endorectal balloon placement errors can reduce radiation dose coverage, leading to uneven targeting of cancerous areas. Image guidance is crucial to ensure accurate prostate positioning.
A systematic review found multivitamin supplements lack effectiveness in preventing cardiovascular disease, cancer, and mortality. Guidelines for opioid prescribing also need improvement to mitigate overdose deaths among patients with chronic pain.
Researchers at A*STAR's Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology have discovered an enzyme, Wip1 phosphatase, that plays a critical role in regulating tumour growth. By inhibiting the action of this enzyme, cancer growth can be stunted and tumours can be cured without developing resistance.
Dr. Walter Quan from Cancer Treatment Centers of America (CTCA) presents two new treatment options for previously-treated advanced cancer patients, showing major benefits with minimal side effects. The first treatment involves combination chemoimmunotherapy, while the second utilizes dose-dense outpatient intravenous Interleukin-2.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered that exemestane not only inhibits estrogen production but also protects cells from UV radiation, inflammation, and oxidative damage. The drug may have applications beyond breast cancer treatment.
Breast cancer cells with high levels of microsomal glutathione S-transferase-1 (MGST-1) resistant to chemotherapy can be killed using nanoparticles carrying doxorubicin. This approach enhances the effectiveness of drug treatment while minimizing adverse reactions.
A new drug combination therapy developed at Virginia Commonwealth University Massey Cancer Center effectively killed various types of cancer cells while having little effect on noncancerous cells. The results lay the foundation for a future phase 1 clinical trial to test the safety of the therapy in patients.
A new study published in Clinical Cancer Research has found a dual-pronged strategy of combining two experimental cancer drugs to be an effective treatment for childhood cancer rhabdomyosarcoma. The study showed that the combination of AZD8055 and AZD6244 reduced tumour growth and blocked off escape routes, leading to improved outcomes.
University of Akron researcher Hossein Tavana has received a $511,000 NIH grant to advance 3D tumor models for anticancer drug testing. His innovative approach generates 384 physiologic tumor models using robotic technology, allowing for more efficient and cost-effective drug screening and discovery.
A Phase 1B study of MK-3475, an anti-PD-1 immunotherapy drug, showed encouraging results in treating non-small cell lung cancer, with a 24% response rate and median overall survival of 51 weeks. The drug, developed by Merck, allows the immune system to detect and attack cancer cells.
Researchers at CWRU aim to build nanoparticles that can infiltrate and quash aggressive cancers that survive traditional therapy. They will perfect molecular coatings called ligands to enable nanochains to home in on micrometastases.
A pilot study by TGen and the Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center used next-generation sequencing to analyze genetic variations in nine patients with advanced cancer. The study found that this technology can reveal multiple genomic changes and identify potential therapeutic targets, which could improve treatment outcomes for these patients.
A Northwestern University research team has developed a drug that silences a critical gene in glioblastoma, increasing survival rates by nearly 20% and reducing tumor size. The novel therapeutic uses nanotechnology to target the gene, which plays a key role in therapy resistance.
Researchers have discovered that meclizine inhibits mitochondrial respiration, leading to reduced cellular oxygen consumption. This finding opens up new applications for the drug in treating diseases such as heart attack, stroke, and neurological disorders.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine suggest epigenetics as a target for cancer therapy. Epigenetic changes mediate the development of cancer progenitor cells, which can grow rapidly to become full-fledged cancer.
Researchers have developed a novel nanostructure that can carry multiple components for simultaneous detection, diagnosis, and targeted drug delivery to cancer cells. This Janus nanostructure has the potential to provide earlier diagnosis and more accurate targeting of cancer cells, reducing drug side effects.
A preclinical study by Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that the investigational drug Zybrestat significantly reduces tumor size and circulating insulin levels in mice with endocrine pancreatic tumors. The study presents promising results for treating this less common form of pancreatic cancer.
Researchers found that metformin works differently in high- versus low-glucose conditions. High glucose levels reduce metformin's effectiveness, making it necessary to use a higher dose or explore glucose control measures.
Researchers found metformin as an effective radiosensitizer for treating stage III non-small cell lung cancer, improving local control and overall survival. The study suggests combining metformin with chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be a promising treatment approach.
Researchers have developed a new Trojan-horse approach using stealth nanoparticles to sneak into tumor cells, lower their defenses and attack them with drugs. The nanoparticles showed significantly enhanced therapeutic effects and shrunk tumors by 8-fold in mice, offering a potential strategy to treat aggressive breast cancer.
A new functional biomarker has been identified to predict responsiveness to BRAF-targeted drugs in patients with BRAF-mutant melanomas. Decreased S6 phosphorylation after treatment correlates with treatment response and improves progression-free survival.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine have discovered a way to effectively deliver staurosporine, a powerful anti-cancer compound, to mouse tumors without harming healthy tissue. The new liposomal delivery system increases the efficiency of drug-loading by over 70% and shows potent results in suppressing tumors.
As people age, gene mutations and epigenetic changes accumulate, increasing cancer risk. Researchers will examine the role of epigenetics in lung cancer development, seeking new biomarkers to predict cancer risk.
Cancer cells use a process called the Warburg effect to extract energy from glucose, allowing them to sustain growth while retaining building blocks for molecules. Researchers identify a novel pathway involving mTORC2 that enables cancer cells to resist targeted therapies and develop new treatments.
CRLX101 has been shown to inhibit HIF-1alpha and has limited side effects, suggesting it may manage resistance to antiangiogenic and radiation therapies. The compound has also demonstrated target specificity in gastric cancers.
Derek Taylor, a researcher at Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, has been awarded the NIH New Innovator Award to develop new methods for treating cancer. His research focuses on using telomerase as a 'Trojan horse' to deliver toxic compounds to cancer cells selectively.
Researchers at Oregon State University developed a nanotech system that combines heat and chemotherapeutic drugs to kill 95% of ovarian cancer cells. The system uses iron oxide nanoparticles coated with a cancer-killing drug, which are heated using an oscillating magnetic field, improving efficacy while minimizing side effects.
A multicentre phase III study shows that the nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine combination significantly improves one- and two-year survival rates in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer compared to gemcitabine alone. This new drug combination is set to become a reference treatment for this disease.
Researchers have found a synergistic combination of valproic acid and oncolytic parvovirus H-1PV that can effectively treat cervical and pancreatic carcinomas by activating virus-induced cell death and killing cancer cells. This new therapy has the potential to arrest tumor growth in severe cases of cancer.
Researchers developed a new method to target cancer cells while sparing healthy cells, using synthetic lethal interactions. The approach has the potential to create targeted cancer treatments for specific tumor types.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University will use molecular imaging agents to detect tumors in the earliest stages of growth, aiming to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment outcomes. The $1.9 million grant will enable them to translate their discoveries into clinical practice.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered that the Cdk5 protein is overexpressed in medullary thyroid cancer cells and can fuel their growth. This finding has implications for neuroendocrine cancers, including lung and pancreatic cancer, and could lead to new treatments.
The EU's total cancer cost was estimated to be €126 billion in 2009, with health care systems accounting for two-fifths of the expenditure. Lung cancer had the highest overall cost, while breast cancer was responsible for the largest share of spending on drugs.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have discovered a genetic mutation, STAG2, linked to low-risk bladder cancer. The study found that 36% of low-risk bladder cancers had mutated STAG2, suggesting that testing the gene could help guide clinical care.
Researchers developed a new approach to selectively permeabilize the blood-brain barrier at sites of brain metastases using tumor necrosis factor. This allows for more effective delivery of anti-breast cancer drugs to brain metastases.
Treatment with gemcitabine for 6 months significantly improved overall survival (22.8 months vs. 20.2 months) and disease-free survival (13.4 months vs. 6.7 months) in patients after pancreatic cancer surgery. The study demonstrated a 10.3% increase in 5-year overall survival rate.
A study analyzing 11 years of data found that less than 1% of NHS doctors prompt performance concerns each year. Doctors in the late stages of their career are six times more likely to be referred for remedial help, highlighting a need for greater attention to mental wellbeing among staff.
A study finds that chronic myeloid leukemia cells with activating beta-catenin mutations are highly aggressive and resistant to Imatinib. Combined treatment with drugs restoring IRF8 expression and inactivating beta-catenin may prevent fatal leukemia progression.
Chemists at Scripps Research Institute develop new technique to create more stable antibody-drug conjugates, reducing toxicity and increasing efficacy. The new method uses a novel Thiol-Click reaction to form stronger linkages with cysteine amino acids.
IU researchers and collaborators found two new targets, Rac GTPase and Pak, that can be inhibited to kill leukemia cells. The study aims to improve treatment options for patients with mast cell leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia.
A Loyola University Medical Center study found that the active ingredient of ipecac syrup effectively inhibits bladder cancer cell growth, especially when combined with cisplatin. The compound has little effect on normal cells and may offer a new treatment option for patients with advanced bladder cancer.
Researchers have identified a potential new drug for an inherited form of cancer with no known cure. The new compound, FRAX97, targets a protein family that plays a critical role in the development of Neurofibromatosis type 2. By inhibiting these kinases, tumor growth can be slowed and progression reduced by over 80%.
Researchers have found that erectile dysfunction drugs can protect the colon from inflammation and damage, potentially preventing or treating colon cancer. The drugs activate a tumor suppressive pathway in the gut, reducing excessive cell proliferation.
Researchers at the University of Leicester found that resveratrol can still be used in the body after it has been metabolized. The study shows that the chemical can be taken into cells and broken down into a more effective form, potentially leading to new cancer treatments.
A phase III study published in The Lancet found that ramucirumab inhibits tumour growth and improves median survival, offering new treatment options for patients with advanced gastric cancer. The study's results suggest a potential benefit for patients with limited treatment options.
Losartan opens up collapsed tumor blood vessels, improving chemotherapy delivery and oxygenation. Combining losartan with standard treatments delays tumor growth and extends survival in animal models.
Research by the University of California, San Diego reveals that Mexican women with more children and those who breastfeed for extended periods are at a higher risk of developing triple negative breast cancer. This contradictory finding challenges existing knowledge about breastfeeding's benefits in reducing breast cancer risk.
A $5.9 million Department of Defense grant enables the development of drugs that target androgen receptors as a driver of breast cancer. The treatment shows promising results in preclinical work and may offer new options for patients with previously limited therapy.
A study by Harvard Medical School researchers found that most Massachusetts primary care malpractice claims (72.1%) are related to diagnosis errors, primarily failures to diagnose or delays in cancer diagnosis. Primary care malpractice cases tend to be more difficult to defend and result in more settlements.