Articles tagged with Cancer Medication
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The European Society for Medical Oncology emphasizes the need for new testing methods to ensure patients benefit from personalized cancer treatments. Researchers are working on developing new approaches to analyze tumour characteristics and select targeted therapies.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in treating advanced thyroid cancer, demonstrating the effectiveness of kinase inhibitors that target tumor cell division and blood vessels. Clinical trials showcase improved progression-free survival rates for patients with BRAF and RAS mutations.
The Phase II study showed that everolimus successfully slowed or prevented disease spread in 59% of patients. Everolimus may represent a new treatment option for advanced papillary kidney cancer, which accounts for 15% of all kidney cancer cases.
A bioinformatics approach identified two antidepressants as potential new treatments for small-cell lung cancer, inducing cell death and inhibiting tumor growth. Imipramine and promethazine showed promise in animal models and preclinical studies, suggesting a new avenue for treating this deadly subtype of lung cancer.
The TH3RESA trial shows that T-DM1 significantly improves progression-free survival in women with advanced HER2 positive breast cancer, with a nearly three-month increase from 3.3 months to 6.2 months. The treatment also demonstrates a more favorable safety profile compared to standard therapy.
A new study from Stanford researchers suggests that FDA-approved antidepressants may be effective in combating small-cell lung cancer, a particularly deadly form of the disease. The drugs activated a cellular self-destruct pathway that killed cancer cells, and further investigation showed they work through G-protein-coupled receptors.
The study identifies syndecan-1 as the human cell receptor used by baculovirus to enter cells, shedding light on the mechanisms of infection and facilitating gene therapy development. This breakthrough discovery increases our understanding of baculovirus interactions with human cells.
Johns Hopkins researchers have discovered a repurposed FDA-approved drug that can halt the growth of and eliminate brain tumor cells from adult human patients. The treatment targets a specific mutation in the IDH1 gene, which is found in 70-80% of lower-grade gliomas.
Cancer-killing natural killer (NK) cells are controlled by the epigenetic process involving enzyme MYSM1, which regulates gene expression and cell maturation. The study paves the way for developing more effective immunotherapies against cancer.
Researchers at USC have discovered a novel regulatory factor, UVRAG, that coordinates trafficking of proteins between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and autophagy. This finding offers a new avenue to investigate anti-cancer agents targeting UVRAG and/or the ER-Golgi pathway.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have discovered that a chemical commonly used as a dog food preservative, ethoxyquin, may prevent the painful nerve damage found in cancer patients taking chemotherapy drug Taxol. The study shows that adding ethoxyquin to mice prevented two-thirds of nerve degeneration caused by Taxol.
Scientists at WashU Medicine have created human breast tumor models in mice, which maintain genetic errors and can help identify drivers of tumor growth. The models allow researchers to study specific patient tumors with detailed information on treatment regimens and consent.
Researchers at University of Rochester Medical Center identified a compound, AZD6244, that counteracts tamoxifen's toxic effects on brain cells. The finding offers hope for preventing 'chemo brain' and its debilitating symptoms.
Researchers will develop a prognostic tool to identify risk perceptions and predict susceptibility to flavored little cigars among young adult cigarette smokers. The study aims to inform regulatory policy and prevention methods for this growing threat in the tobacco control battle.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed a method to target and eliminate harmful macrophages that dampen the immune response to cancer. By depleting these 'traitor' immune cells, tumor growth is slowed and survival rates are improved in mice with cancer.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute developed new compounds that show 10-200 times greater potency than vinblastine and overcome drug resistance. These improvements aim to boost the effectiveness of vincristine against childhood leukemias and Hodgkin's disease.
A new gentler chemistry method developed by the University of Copenhagen aims to create safer pharmaceuticals. The method allows for dual functionalization of peptides, reducing the risk of side effects and increasing the predictability of medicinal effects.
The Wistar Institute has received a $1.5 million grant from the US Department of Defense to prepare its potential new prostate cancer drug Gamitrinib for trial in humans. The three-year grant will cover the costs of developing the data necessary to allow Gamitrinib's use in the clinic.
The SHIVA trial is the first randomised trial to look at patient outcomes after treatments were chosen according to individual molecular profiles. Preliminary results show that this approach works, paving the way for personalized treatment and a potential major change in cancer drug development.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found that current ALK-positive lung cancer criteria may miss patients who could benefit from crizotinib. The researchers suggest that doctors should re-evaluate borderline or atypical cases, potentially expanding treatment eligibility.
Prostratin and bryostatin show promise as effective treatments for HIV/AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, and resistant cancer. Prostratin flushes out HIV from its cellular sanctuaries, while analogs of bryostatin are up to 1,000-fold more potent in doing so.
Multiple myeloma patients experience persistent disease recurrence due to intrinsic resistance in immature progenitor cells. Researchers identify a cancer cell maturation hierarchy and propose targeting both progenitor cells and plasma cells to develop new treatments.
Researchers found that combining gefitinib with methotrexate treatment effectively cured ectopic pregnancies and reduced the need for surgery, potentially improving fertility outcomes.
Researchers identified two pathways that recombine DNA repeats to rearrange chromosomes, which can be targeted to prevent cancer and inherited disorders. The study used mouse embryonic stem cells and found large, complicated rearrangements on multiple chromosomes.
Researchers identified a molecular marker called Mig 6 that predicts longer survival among patients treated with two popular cancer drugs. The study found higher levels of Mig 6 in tumors that responded poorly to the drugs, while low levels were associated with prolonged survival.
Chemists at IRB Barcelona and PharmaMar develop synthesis method for pipecolidepsin A, a compound active against eleven types of cancers. The new approach simplifies production, reducing time and cost to produce large quantities of the molecule.
The Broad Institute's Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) has launched to match patients with potentially effective drugs. Researchers can use the portal to find therapeutically exploitable vulnerabilities in different cancer types, identifying genes that may provide new therapeutic targets.
Research from Washington University School of Medicine links increased breast cancer risk to drinking between early adolescence and first full-term pregnancy. Drinking daily can increase risk by 13% if averaged during this period, according to the study.
Researchers have identified a compound, I-Lys, that disrupts the interaction between CASP7 and XIAP in drug-resistant cancer cells, leading to activation of cell death and reduction in malignancies. The study suggests a promising approach for combating drug-resistant cancers.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have discovered that decitabine can halt the ability of cancer cells to separate from a tumor and spread to distant organs. The study found that treating genes silenced in aggressive triple negative breast cancer with decitabine may promote re-expression of PRKD1.
A large international clinical trial found pazopanib to be superior to sunitinib in terms of quality of life, with fewer side effects and lower risk of complications. The study's results suggest that pazopanib may become the preferred treatment for advanced kidney cancer patients.
A Penn Medicine study reveals that survivorship care plans, such as the online LIVESTRONG Care Plan, fill a knowledge gap for cancer patients and improve health outcomes. The plans provide essential information on follow-up screenings, late effects of treatment, and lifestyle changes.
A breakthrough discovery reveals that high levels of the eIF4E protein can promote cancer by unwinding complex mRNA knots, allowing ribosomes to translate genetic code into proteins that trigger tumor growth. This understanding may lead to highly specific cancer treatments targeting growth-promoting cells.
Researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University created hybrid molecules combining turmeric's curcumin with the anti-nausea drug thalidomide, killing multiple myeloma cells more effectively than individual compounds. The study suggests a novel strategy for developing new cancer treatment agents.
A Mayo Clinic study found that patients with glioblastoma who died in 2010, after the FDA approved bevacizumab, lived significantly longer than those who died in 2008. The treatment strategy involving bevacizumab prolonged survival at a population level.
A new MR analysis technique called vessel architectural imaging (VAI) can identify changes in brain tumor blood vessels within days of anti-angiogenesis therapy initiation. VAI has shown that 10 out of 30 patients with recurrent glioblastoma responded to the treatment, surviving six months longer than non-responders.
Researchers at MIT have developed nanosensors that can detect variations in binding strength of antibody drugs, enabling more efficient production. The sensors also measure weak interactions with sugar chains, which are essential for drug effectiveness.
Researchers at UNSW have developed a new class of drugs that target the structure of cancer cells, providing proof-of-concept for two types of cancers in animal models: neuroblastoma and melanoma. This breakthrough could lead to an entirely new type of chemotherapy with fewer long-term side effects.
Researchers found that flavonoids in celery, artichokes and Mexican oregano can kill human pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting the GSK-3β enzyme. This pre-treatment approach may prolong life without curing the disease, while preventing it could reduce cancer risk with chronic flavonoid exposure.
Preclinical data published in PNAS shows ATSP-7041 suppresses tumor growth in animal models of multiple human xenograft models, including breast cancer and bone cancer. The peptide efficiently penetrates cell membranes and restores p53 function by inhibiting MDM2 and MDMX.
A long-term study confirms that finasteride reduces the risk of prostate cancer by 43% in low-grade tumors and by 30% overall. This means thousands of men can avoid unnecessary treatments and burden on society.
Researchers have gained a comprehensive understanding of melittin's molecular-level action, which involves opening pores in cell membranes to attack cancer and bacteria. The study sheds light on how melittin forms transient pores at low concentrations and stable pores at higher concentrations.
A study led by Boston Children's Hospital researchers found that triple-negative breast cancers rely on active proteasomes to survive. Inhibiting these proteins with existing medications like bortezomib may offer new treatment options for this aggressive type of cancer.
Researchers at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have discovered that interleukin-11 is a key cytokine driving cancer development, unlike previously thought. Blocking its signalling could provide an exciting new approach to treating bowel and stomach cancers.
Researchers found that regulatory elements (DEREs) control multiple target genes in response to estrogen stimulation, contributing to tumor development. Decreasing DERE copies may have therapeutic potential for treating women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers.
Pomalidomide shows promise in treating CNS lymphoma by improving survival and suppressing tumor growth. The clinical trial is now open at Mayo Clinic's three campuses.
Researchers have developed a new nanoscale drug that can carry multiple weapons and target HER2-positive breast cancer cells from the inside. The therapy stimulates an antitumor immune response, blocks blood vessel formation, and slows tumor growth.
The study identifies over 10,000 different proteins in cancer cells, with more than 5,000 present in varying abundance across all types of tissue. The researchers found that the protein pattern determines the effectiveness of cancer drugs, providing new insights into personalized medicine.
A targeted cancer drug has shown dramatic responses in patients with specific gene mutations, raising questions about the need for expensive Phase III trials. The author argues that a lower bar for approval could streamline the process and bring effective treatments to patients sooner.
Researchers have produced detailed descriptions of human folate receptor proteins, aiding in the design of new drugs that can target cancer cells without harming healthy ones. The findings could lead to effective treatments for ovarian cancers and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Scientists have discovered a new biomarker that predicts how well cancer patients respond to cancer drugs. The biomarker, linked to PRL-3 protein levels, identifies patients who are most likely to benefit from existing anti-cancer treatments, reducing healthcare costs and potentially saving lives.
Researchers found that IL-17 signaling in tumor-infiltrating T cells encourages resistance to VEGF-blockade in mouse models. Inhibiting IL-17 with monoclonal antibodies may improve clinical efficacy of VEGF-targeting drugs, a potential new strategy for cancer therapy.
A noninvasive colorectal screening approach like fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) may be more effective than colonoscopy in prompting participation among underserved populations. Organized mailing campaigns offering two colorectal cancer tests increased screening rates as much as threefold among uninsured patients.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center have identified 18 new genes responsible for glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and aggressive form of brain cancer. About 15 percent of patients may be eligible for personalized treatment with existing drugs used in other cancers.
UC Davis researchers discover how cancer chemotherapy agent Topotecan acts on gene causing Angelman syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder. The study highlights the significance of epigenetics in understanding both rare and common neurodevelopmental disorders.
Researchers found cancer cells can reverse replication forks using 'fork reversal' repair after DNA damage caused by topoisomerase I inhibitors. This process is controlled by proteins PARP and RECQ1, which could be targeted for effective treatment with lower toxic side effects.
A population-based study found that current use of calcium-channel blockers for 10 or more years was associated with a higher risk of ductal and lobular breast cancer. The relationship did not vary based on the type of calcium-channel blockers used, with other antihypertensive medications showing no increased risk.
A new study by Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center scientists found that long-term use of calcium-channel blockers increases the risk of invasive ductal and lobular cancers. The study suggests alternative options for managing hypertension may be beneficial for reducing breast cancer risk.
UPCI researchers discovered that targeting 'cell sleep' can kill a larger fraction of cancer cells, increasing the effectiveness of cancer drugs. This finding has implications for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), which are often treated with targeted therapy drug imatinib.
Researchers have discovered how an experimental drug can completely eradicate human lymphoma in mice after just five doses by gumming up the powerful master regulatory transcription factor Bcl6. The study provides a promising new strategy to treat diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.