Articles tagged with Cancer Medication
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Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center identified a chemical compound that may lead to a drug to combat cancers dependent on the anti-viral enzyme TBK-1. The compound, 6-aminopyrazolopyrimidine, was tested in mice and showed effectiveness in reducing cancer growth.
A novel clinical trial is exploring a new method to potentially prevent recurrence of early stage, aggressive breast cancer. The study is recruiting patients with HER-2 neu+ breast cancer and aims to identify high-risk patients who may benefit from an additional cancer-targeting drug.
Researchers from Scripps Research and MIT have discovered a class of extremely potent anti-cancer and anti-neurodegenerative disorder compounds. These compounds, including ABL127, were found using high-throughput screening and innovative testing techniques, and show promise for treating cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers have developed a molecular switch that enables efficient activation of dendritic cells, a crucial step in cancer vaccine development. By combining MyD88 and CD40 signaling pathways, the switch synergistically activates dendritic cells to enhance antitumor efficacy.
A new study found that 5a-reductase inhibitors can produce persistent erectile dysfunction, depression, and loss of libido in men, even after discontinuing the medication. Researchers urge patients and doctors to discuss these issues openly and assess the risk-benefit ratio prior to treatment.
A University of Georgia research team found that modifying a cell-surface protein called CNT1 can increase the effectiveness of gemcitabine, a common drug used to treat pancreatic cancer. By improving CNT1 function, researchers can help carry the drug into tumor cells and prevent proliferation.
Researchers have synthesized cancer literature to introduce the concept of enabling and emerging hallmarks, which are features that set the stage for cancer and may become core characteristics in nearly all cancers. This review article provides a cohesive foundation for biomedical researchers to develop new cancer treatments.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University discovered that curcumin amplifies the therapeutic activity of anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat colon cancer. This combination has already shown promising results in human clinical trials and may alleviate unwanted side effects.
Scientists from Thomas Jefferson University have discovered that the protein FADD controls multiple cell death pathways, which could lead to better treatment options for autoimmune diseases and cancer. The study found that FADD regulates apoptosis and keeps necrosis at bay, allowing researchers to develop more targeted drugs with fewer...
A new phase III trial has shown that erlotinib has comparable efficacy to chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients whose disease has progressed after first-line treatment. The study found no difference in overall survival or progression-free survival time between the two groups.
Researchers discovered that zoledronic acid can prevent lung cancer metastases from recruiting new blood vessels. The drug showed a statistically significant reduction in VEGF and b-FGF levels, suggesting potential anti-angiogenic effects.
A phase 3 study shows that denosumab delays and prevents bone events in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer, improving outcomes compared to zoledronic acid. Denosumab reduces the risk of bone fractures and other complications by inhibiting osteoclast activity.
Researchers discovered that targeting cancer-related pathways can treat congenital heart disease, with one drug reversing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in mouse models. Two drugs, an immunosuppressant and anti-cancer agent, were found to be effective in preventing and reversing the condition.
Deakin University scientists develop RNA aptamer, a chemical antibody that targets cancer stem cells, aiming to deliver drugs directly to them. The aptamer has potential to revolutionize cancer detection and treatment with early-stage diagnosis and targeted therapy.
A 22-year study found no cases of diabetes and only one non-lethal case of cancer in individuals with Laron syndrome, a growth-stunting mutation. In contrast, relatives without such mutations had higher rates of diabetes and cancer. The study suggests that blocking growth hormone activity may be protective against these diseases.
Dr. Joseph M. DeSimone has mentored at least nine African American students, one Hispanic American student, and 24 women through the completion of their Ph.D. degrees in chemistry. He is being honored with the AAAS Mentor Award for his efforts to advance diversity in doctoral-level chemists entering the workforce.
Research at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine identifies regulatory T cells as primary source of RANKL protein, accelerating breast cancer spread. Interfering with RANKL interaction with cancer cells may block tumor progression, offering potential target for drug therapy.
Researchers have found that antioxidants can help prevent and treat breast cancer by targeting mitochondrial oxidative stress. The study, published in Cancer Biology & Therapy, used a genetically tractable model to show that loss of the tumor suppressor protein Caveolin-1 leads to increased oxidative stress, which fuels cancer cell gro...
Researchers have defined the cell of origin for sarcoma, a type of childhood and adult cancer. The study may lead to targeted therapies that convert cancer cells into normal ones.
Susan Band Horwitz has made significant contributions to cancer research, including the discovery of paclitaxel's mechanism of action and its role in treating various cancers. Her work on microtubules and drug resistance continues to advance our understanding of cancer treatments.
Researchers identify two distinct neuronal signaling pathways activated by Imiquimod, a topical cream that treats skin diseases while inducing severe itching as a side effect. The study may lead to designing future drugs that effectively treat targeted conditions while blocking problematic itching and scratching.
Researchers found that dutasteride is impractical due to high costs and marginal impact on survival and quality of life for at-risk groups. The medication's annual cost of $1,400 outweighs its benefits, making it less effective as a preventive measure.
A recent study published in BMJ Quality and Safety found that care home residents are more than four times as likely to get the wrong dose of medicine when it is in liquid form as they are when given pills/capsules. The study highlights the need for better training and systems to address this issue.
Researchers propose cancer cells employ ancient genetic pathways, a 'toolkit' from 1 billion years ago, to evade control and develop resistance. This concept offers new hope for personalized medicine and potentially reveals clues about life's history.
A team of researchers at the University of Gothenburg has identified an enzyme called GGTase-I that, when blocked, can lead to chronic inflammation and joint destruction in mice. The study suggests that GGTase-I plays a crucial role in suppressing RAC1 activity, which is behind the development of inflammatory disorders.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have developed a new chemotherapy method that targets cancer tumors more effectively by using gold nanoparticles to deliver an anti-cancer drug directly into the tumor. This approach allows for lower doses of toxic chemicals, reducing damage to healthy tissue.
A study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that low doses of losartan improved the effectiveness of two nanotherapeutic approaches against several types of cancer. Losartan normalized the abnormal extracellular matrix of tumors, allowing for better delivery and efficacy of therapies.
Bevacizumab, a cancer treatment drug, increases the risk of fatal adverse events (FAEs) when combined with chemotherapy or biological therapy. According to a review of published trials, the overall incidence of FAEs was 2.5%, with a significant increase in patients receiving taxanes or platinum agents.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center have developed a novel ultrasmall silica inorganic nanoparticle platform for targeted molecular imaging of cancer. The first-in-human clinical trial aims to evaluate the distribution, tissue uptake, and safety of the particles in humans using PET imaging.
Researchers from the University of Southampton are conducting Phase II trials for a new DNA vaccine targeting chronic and acute myeloid leukaemia, two forms of bone marrow and blood cancer. The vaccine aims to strengthen patients' immune systems and improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers have developed Cornell Dots, nanoparticles that can light up cancer cells to aid in diagnosis and treatment. The FDA has approved the first clinical trial of these dots in humans, which will verify their safety and effectiveness in treating melanoma.
A study from Henry Ford Hospital found that photodynamic therapy can preserve vocal cord function in patients with early-stage laryngeal cancer. The treatment, which uses a powerful laser and light-activated drug, showed consistent trends toward normal vocal cord vibration over several weeks and months.
Scientists successfully applied home device technology to increase solubility of anticancer drugs like tamoxifen and paclitaxel. The process has potential for improving performance of dyes, paints, rust-proofing agents and other products.
A new study found that 72% of patients in early-phase cancer trials accurately understood the trial purpose, but exhibited unrealistic optimism in response to specific questions. This bias may interfere with applying information realistically and compromise informed consent.
A study by Elisabetta Rapiti found that women taking tamoxifen had 87% fewer lung cancer deaths than the general population. The research supports a hormonal influence on lung cancer and estrogen's role in patients' prognosis.
Scientists at the University of East Anglia discovered a rogue gene, WWP2, that attacks and breaks down natural inhibitors preventing cancer cell spreading. Blocking WWP2 boosts these inhibitors, keeping cancer cells dormant.
The Creating Hope Act offers financial incentives to companies developing drugs for pediatric rare diseases. Pediatric specialists often prescribe adult therapeutics off-label due to limited research on child-specific treatments, leading to concerns about efficacy and safety.
Researchers identified 27 genes that influence the effectiveness of oxaliplatin in treating colorectal cancer. The study highlights the need for further clinical research to improve treatment outcomes and reduce side effects associated with the drug.
Researchers at The Peggy and Charles Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center have found a way to stop early stage pancreatic cancer in research models, offering a promising approach for high-risk patients. A clinical trial has been launched, and the FDA-approved drug Gefitinib is expected to be tested nationwide within a year.
Researchers at UNC Health Care have developed particles that closely mirror key properties of red blood cells, potentially paving the way for synthetic blood. The new discovery has also shown promise in treating life-threatening medical conditions like cancer.
A new experimental drug, morphine-6-0-sulfate, has been found to be more potent and longer-lasting than standard morphine, with less likelihood of causing constipation. The study, led by Dr. Joseph Holtman Jr., tested the drug on rats and demonstrated its potential clinical advantages compared to morphine.
Research reveals parallels between immunity and cancer, with acute inflammation compared to chronic inflammation in mammals. The immune system that counters parasitoid wasp infections is highly restrained, but goes haywire when regulating mechanism fails, leading to cancer development.
A new study led by researchers at WashU Medicine found that consistent exercise is associated with a lower risk of dying from colon cancer. The study analyzed data from over 150,000 men and women and found that those who exercised for at least 10 years had the lowest risk of colon cancer death.
Researchers found that endothelin-A receptor antagonist drugs only reduce tumor growth at metastasis sites, not large tumors. These drugs block the action of protein ET-1, which stimulates cancer cell growth and spread.
Researchers at Georgetown University Medical Center have found an arsenic-based agent already FDA-approved for a type of leukemia may be helpful in treating Ewing's Sarcoma and medulloblastoma. The drug inhibits the hedgehog/GLI1 pathway, which is also common in other cancers.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have developed a way to deliver chemotherapeutic drugs to cancer tissues in controlled doses without harming healthy body cells. The gold-coated liposomes can target specific receptors on tumor cells, allowing for more effective treatment and reduced side effects.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have identified P-Rex1 as a crucial protein in signal transmission from ErbB receptors, driving breast cancer growth and metastasis. The study suggests that targeting this pathway could improve responses to existing therapies.
A new system using electronic health records significantly improves primary care physicians' performance and the health of patients with chronic conditions. The program boosts preventive care in vaccinations and cancer and osteoporosis screenings, increasing rates by up to 10 percentage points.
Researchers found that a slight rise in PSA levels among men taking dutasteride was a stronger indicator of prostate cancer than rising PSA levels in men on a placebo. The study suggests that the drug enhances the ability to detect high-grade cancers, making the PSA test more effective for early diagnosis and treatment.
A study led by Ohio State University found that a drug currently approved for osteoporosis treatment can reduce bone loss and tumor size in mice with oral cancer. The drug, zoledronic acid, was associated with smaller tumors and an increase in new bone formation.
A study found that higher co-payments increase the chance of early discontinuation and inadequate use of breast cancer therapy, particularly among older women. Co-payments above $90 were associated with a higher risk of discontinuation in both younger and older age groups.
A higher prescription co-payment is associated with early discontinuation and incomplete use of adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy in hormone-sensitive early stage breast cancer. Women over 50 years old are more likely to discontinue medication or not take it as prescribed if co-payments exceed $30.
Researchers found that a depression drug, duloxetine, reduced joint and muscle pain in women taking aromatase inhibitors for breast cancer treatment by at least 30%. The study suggests that duloxetine may be an effective treatment option for this type of pain, with only mild additional side effects.
Researchers have tested a cocktail of three drugs that targets gene regulation and cancer cell growth in triple negative breast cancers. The combination therapy halted tumor growth in laboratory-cultured cells and rejuvenated RARbeta expression in mice engrafted with breast tumor cells.
Researchers found that overexpression of HOXB7 gene leads to tamoxifen resistance by interacting with estrogen-activated genes and proteins, including HER2. Knocking out HOXB7 gene increased responsiveness to tamoxifen in breast cancer cells.
Researchers developed a simple fingertip test to evaluate the risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome in postmenopausal women taking aromatase inhibitor drugs. The two-point discrimination score worsened significantly among overweight women, indicating a potential way to measure risk for CTS.
A phase II study at Georgetown University Medical Center suggests exemestane reduces mammographic breast density in high-risk postmenopausal women by 7%. The treatment is considered an intermediate marker for breast cancer and may offer a safer alternative to tamoxifen, which has rare but serious side effects.
A meta-analysis reveals that postmenopausal women with breast cancer who use aromatase inhibitors are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The study suggests that these women should be monitored for shorter durations of treatment to minimize this risk.
Phase III trials should aim to find clinically important differences in survival outcomes, rather than just statistically significant ones. Pharmaceutical companies often prioritize minimal but detectable differences that are feasible within trial constraints.
A study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that celecoxib, a widely used arthritis drug, significantly reduces non-melanoma skin cancers. The medication achieved a 68% reduction in basal cell carcinomas and a 58% reduction in squamous cell carcinomas among high-risk patients.