Sticky cell fingers help keep breast tumors contained
Filopodia contribute to building a barrier surrounding breast tumours, blocking their escape. Cancer cells lacking Myosin-10 cannot maintain this barrier, making it easier for them to spread.
Cancer Treatments
Articles tagged with Cancer Treatments
Chlorhexidine disinfectant may perform best in killing bone tumor cells after surgery
A new study suggests that chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is the most effective irrigation solution for killing bone tumor cells after surgery. CHG shows highest cytotoxicity against chondrosarcoma and giant cell tumors, potentially making it a useful chemical adjuvant during intralesional curettage.
Targeted lung cancer drug shows promise in phase I/II clinical trial
The TRIDENT-1 trial suggests that repotrectinib could be effective for treating ROS1 positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in patients who have received other targeted treatments and those who have not. The drug showed promising results, with an objective response rate of 79% in patients not previously treated with a ROS TKI.
SourceEuropean Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 28, 2022
Spicing it up
Researchers at Kyoto University have developed a prodrug form of curcumin called TBP1901, which has shown anti-tumor effects without causing harm. The study found that TBP1901's conversion to active curcumin is dependent on the enzyme GUSB, suggesting its potential therapeutic targets.
SourceKyoto University·JournalEuropean Journal of Pharmacology·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 27, 2022
Children with resistant leukemia given CRISPR-edited T cells: Phase 1 study results reported
Researchers have successfully treated six children with relapsed and treatment-resistant B-ALL using CRISPR-edited T cells, achieving deep remission in four patients. The treatment has shown promise as a viable alternative to currently available treatments.
Head and neck cancer: Markers to facilitate better treatment in the future
A study published in European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging identified specific genetic markers associated with high risk of head and neck cancer. The research used DNA sequencing, artificial intelligence, and positron emission tomography to analyze cellular characteristics of tumors. These markers can facilitate mo...
SourceMedical University of Vienna·JournalEuropean Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging·DateOct 25, 2022
Patients in lower-income countries receive less timely cancer diagnoses
A meta-analysis of 410 articles from 68 countries found that patients in lower-income countries take up to four times longer to initiate care for cancer treatment. Cancers causing non-specific symptoms, such as myeloma and colorectal cancer, typically take the longest to diagnose.
A ‘door’ into the mitochondrial membrane
A new study has discovered that MTCH2, a protein essential in various cellular processes, acts as a 'door' for proteins to access the mitochondrial membrane. The finding opens up potential avenues for cancer treatments by harnessing apoptosis, a programmed cell death mechanism.
SourceWhitehead Institute for Biomedical Research·JournalScience·TypeExperimental study·DateOct 20, 2022
Low Blood Phosphate Levels May Be Linked to Neurological Side Effects From CAR T-cell Therapy
A study found that patients receiving CAR T-cell therapy were more likely to develop neurological side effects, including ICANS, when they had hypophosphatemia. The researchers suggest that serum phosphate measurements could be used to predict the onset of ICANS in these patients.
USC Norris shares $500,000 federal grant with Chinatown Service Center to improve equity in cervical cancer screening and treatment
USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center is partnering with the Chinatown Service Center to address disparities in cervical cancer screening and treatment. The partnership aims to optimize access, shorten diagnosis-to-treatment timeframes, and enhance quality of care for Chinese and Latina women in Los Angeles.
Manipulating stress response in cells could help slow down ageing, finds NTU Singapore study
Scientists at NTU Singapore have found that a stress response in cells, when 'switched on' at a post-reproductive age, could be the key to slowing down aging. The study showed that this stress response extended the lifespan of roundworms fed a high-glucose diet.
EMBARGOED: Targeting enzyme could alleviate muscle wasting for cancer patients
Researchers have identified a key enzyme in muscle that contributes to cancer-induced muscle wasting. Targeting this enzyme, UBR2, may help preserve muscle mass and function in cancer patients. The study's findings offer new hope for the treatment of cancer cachexia, a complication affecting 60% of all cancer patients.
SourceUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at Houston·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 17, 2022
Delayed fluorescence as an imaging method for effective surgical tumor removal
Researchers propose an optical imaging system for real-time hypoxia imaging in cancer treatment. The technique utilizes protoporphyrin IX to enhance contrast between tumors and healthy tissues, allowing for more effective surgical removal.
SourceSPIE--International Society for Optics and Photonics·JournalJournal of Biomedical Optics·DateOct 11, 2022
Research provides critical information about the size and growth speed of gliomas
Researchers discovered that animal models with germline alteration rs55705857 developed gliomas significantly faster than those without the alteration. The study offers new insights into tumor formation and may lead to novel therapies targeting this specific change.
Small cell lung cancer: New approaches to personalized treatment
A new study reveals that different SCLC subtypes have specific molecular characteristics, leading to varying responses to cancer treatment. The research provides a basis for developing targeted and personalized treatment approaches tailored to each subtype.
Pitt-developed genetic test for pancreatic cancer outperforms current guidelines
A new genetic test called PancreaSeq accurately classifies pancreatic cysts as potentially cancerous or benign, improving the accuracy of diagnoses compared to current guidelines. The test distinguishes between different types of cysts with higher accuracy than traditional forms of surveillance and current pancreatic cyst guidelines.
Scientists identify promising therapeutic target for incurable brain cancer
A new study has uncovered a previously unknown genetic process that could inform the development of novel treatment options for glioblastoma (GBM), a virtually incurable brain tumor. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway and long non-coding RNA molecules, such as lncEPAT, play critical roles in GBM tumorigenesis.
Fungal association with tumors may predict worse outcomes
Researchers found that certain fungal species in tumors are linked to inflammation and reduced cell-to-cell adhesion, features associated with late-stage cancer spread. High levels of these fungi may serve as biomarkers for metastasis risk and lead to more effective treatment choices.
Researchers develop a new surgical training model for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery using the Japanese food konjac jelly
A team of researchers at Nagoya University has developed a novel tissue-mimicking phantom using konjac, enabling surgeons to practice fluorescence-guided cancer surgery. The model's use of indocyanine green and konjac jelly makes it suitable for training with electrocautery, promoting safer and more reliable surgical techniques.
Dietary supplementation may improve antibiotic-induced GVHD following stem cell transplants
Researchers identified a specific gut bacterium responsible for antibiotic-induced GVHD after stem cell transplants. A sugar supplement was found to improve gut health by distracting the bacteria from attacking mucin in the intestinal lining, reducing complications such as GVHD.
Dual-targeting CAR NK cells can prevent cell dysfunction and tumor escape
A new CAR NK cell engineering approach requires two signals to eliminate target cells, improving tumor specificity and enhancing anti-tumor activity. This strategy mitigates NK cell exhaustion and fratricide, leading to better focus on and attack of only the tumor cells.
Modelling the use of Beta Radiation in cancer treatment
Researchers compare Monte Carlo simulations and Loevinger formula for beta radiation dosimetry in cancer treatment, finding the latter to be a quick yet accurate method. The study suggests using the Loevinger formula as a basis for dosimetry software in simple geometries.
New PET tracer shows promise for uPAR-targeted therapy of neuroendocrine neoplasms
A novel PET radiotracer has been developed to assess tumor aggressiveness in neuroendocrine neoplasms, providing valuable information for personalized care. High uPAR expression was associated with a worse prognosis, making it a potential target for therapy.
SourceSociety of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging·JournalJournal of Nuclear Medicine·DateSep 28, 2022
Machine learning creates opportunity for new personalized therapies
Researchers developed a computational platform to identify metabolic vulnerabilities in ovarian cancer genes, suggesting opportunities for targeted therapies. The study found that certain genetic alterations can create vulnerabilities in cancer cell metabolism, which can be exploited to selectively kill cancer cells.
SourceMichigan Medicine - University of Michigan·JournalNature Metabolism·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 28, 2022
Scientists achieve a new understanding of the nucleotide excision repair process
Researchers uncovered crucial interactions between XPA and RPA proteins in NER, essential for repairing UV-damaged DNA. These findings hold promise for improving cancer therapy outcomes by targeting the NER pathway.
SourceInstitute for Basic Science·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 27, 2022
TTUHSC receives CPRIT grant to begin new outreach effort
The TTUHSC team will provide no-cost colorectal cancer screening and colonoscopies to underinsured and uninsured people living in South Plains region counties. The FIT-STOP program aims to find signs of early-stage colorectal cancer to prevent treatment needs, leveraging existing relationships with partners.
Colonoscopies in FIT-positive persons requires much higher ADR than primary colonoscopy
A cohort study found that endoscopists performing colonoscopies in FIT-based screening programs should aim for markedly higher ADRs compared to primary colonoscopy screening. The study suggests that high ADRs are associated with lower colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Researchers recommend using ADR targets, including differen...
SourceAmerican College of Physicians·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·TypeObservational study·DateSep 26, 2022
Researchers inhibit cancer cell growth using compounds that protect plants from predators
Scientists successfully inhibited cancer cell growth using a modified pyrrolizidine alkaloid that avoids liver damage. The approach uses 'on-site synthesis' near cancer cells to limit toxicity.
Mayo Clinic researchers ID potential gene marker for treating pancreatic cancer
Researchers at Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified a gene marker that may lead to more effective precision treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The protein METTL16 is correlated with accumulated DNA damage and suppresses DNA repair, suggesting it as a potential biomarker for PARPi treatment.
Unhealthy gut sets stage for breast cancer to spread, research reveals
Research from UVA Cancer Center finds that an unhealthy gut microbiome can trigger changes in normal breast tissue, facilitating cancer's spread to other parts of the body. The study suggests that targeting the gut-mast cell relationship could help prevent breast cancer recurrence and metastasis.
St. Jude finds a new way to identify ‘safe harbor’ for gene therapies
Scientists at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have created a tool to identify 'safe harbor' sites for gene therapies, balancing safety and therapeutic expression. The tool uses genomic and epigenetic information to find regions with high variability among healthy individuals, reducing the risk of cancer or other problems.
SourceSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital·JournalGenome Biology·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 22, 2022
The importance of nutrition and physical activity for cancer patients and their caregivers
A recent study led by Drexel University's College of Nursing and Health Professions highlights the importance of nutrition and physical activity for both cancer patients and their caregivers. The research found similarities in beliefs about physical activity and barriers faced by both groups, including fatigue and time constraints.
Genomic testing can identify African American prostate cancer patients who have high-risk disease
African American men are twice as likely to have more aggressive disease compared to non-African American men. Genomic biomarker tests like the Decipher score can identify patients with higher-risk disease, enabling tailored treatment approaches.
SourceH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute·JournalJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute·TypeObservational study·DateSep 21, 2022
Research grant awarded to UMC Utrecht for microbiota-boosted cancer therapy
Researchers at UMC Utrecht will investigate how intestinal microbiota impacts cancer immunotherapy and therapy side effects. The project aims to develop microbiota-targeted therapies to improve ICI treatment effectiveness and reduce severe inflammation.
Radical new treatment system lights up cancer therapy
A team from The Institute of Industrial Science at The University of Tokyo has developed a new platform that uses organorhodium(III) phthalocyanine complexes to achieve the combination of traits necessary for photodynamic therapy. The new system shows toxicity to HeLa cells, indicating its potential as a cancer treatment.
SourceInstitute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo·JournalChemical Communications·DateSep 20, 2022
New study in JNCCN suggests way to predict outcomes with high accuracy prior to surgery for pancreatic cancer patients
Researchers at Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center found that metabolic imaging, combined with traditional treatment response assessment methods, can provide critical information to guide therapy for pancreatic cancer patients. The use of positron emission tomography (PET) with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) tracer adds significant pr...
SourceNational Comprehensive Cancer Network·JournalJournal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network·DateSep 8, 2022
Study uncovers possible path for improving T cell therapies
A study led by researchers at the University of Arizona Health Sciences has uncovered a possible path for improving T cell therapies. The study found that the CD4 molecule plays a more active role in regulating T cell receptor signaling, allowing for even more powerful versions of T cell therapy.
Aging | Synergism of BCL-2 family inhibitors facilitates selective elimination of senescent cells
Researchers found that combining BCL-2 inhibitors can selectively eliminate senescent cells, improving efficacy and reducing toxicity by targeting high-MCL-1 expressing subpopulation of cells. This synergistic approach enables lower doses of drugs to be used, overcoming resistance to monotherapy.
SAFER Ukraine provides a blueprint for responding to global health crises
SAFER Ukraine successfully evacuated over 900 patients and families to reestablish medical care abroad. The effort demonstrates the importance of collaborative networks in global health and provides a model for future international emergency responses.
SourceSt. Jude Children's Research Hospital·JournalThe Lancet Haematology·TypeCase study·DateAug 31, 2022
Light-based therapy weakens antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Researchers developed a light-based therapy, photodynamic therapy (aPDT), to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The treatment showed promise in weakening bacteria, allowing lower doses of current antibiotics to effectively eliminate them.
"Sticky" stem cells make for better transplants
A KAUST-led research team identified two drug treatments that boost the activity of molecules involved in cell adhesion, enhancing the ability of blood-forming stem cells to enter the bloodstream and produce new blood. This breakthrough could lead to improved bone marrow transplant success for leukemia patients.
SourceKing Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST)·JournalBlood Advances·DateAug 25, 2022
Potential new treatment for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma revealed
Researchers have identified a potential new therapeutic approach for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) by understanding the mechanism of its development. A team from the University of Tsukuba found that B cells accumulate mutations in genes controlling genetic material packaging, leading to AITL.
Moffitt physicians lead international study to identify melanoma patients with high-risk disease
Researchers identified high-risk patients with stage 3A disease and microscopic lymph node metastases who would benefit from adjuvant therapy. Patients with larger metastases had poorer outcomes, while those with smaller metastases had better survival rates similar to stage 1A disease.
SourceH. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute·JournalJournal of Clinical Oncology·TypeMeta-analysis·DateAug 23, 2022
Hopes of a new curative treatment for children with neuroblastoma
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have developed a potential curative treatment for neuroblastoma, using DHODH blockers in combination with chemotherapy to cure mice with the disease. The treatment has shown promising results and could improve survival rates for children with neuroblastoma.
Immune system: First image of antigen-bound T-cell receptor at atomic resolution
Researchers captured first image of antigen-bound T-cell receptor complex with bound antigen at atomic resolution. The study reveals no significant structural changes in the receptor after antigen binding, sparking further investigation into the signaling pathway activation mechanism.
Penn Medicine awarded $5.7 million NCI grant for new Cancer Telehealth Research Center of Excellence
The center aims to develop and test advanced telehealth methods for cancer care, focusing on promoting health equity and addressing digital divides. Three principal investigators will lead the center, aiming to improve patient outcomes, communication, and healthcare use through telehealth strategies.
Machine learning models predict hepatocellular carcinoma treatment response
A proof-of-concept study developed three machine learning models to predict posttreatment recurrence in early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma patients. The models achieved high accuracy using imaging data alone, while combining clinical data did not significantly improve performance.
SourceAmerican Roentgen Ray Society·JournalAmerican Journal of Roentgenology·TypeObservational study·DateAug 17, 2022
Musical tests can detect mental deterioration in old age
Researchers developed a method combining musical tests with EEG measurement to detect cognitive decline in old age. The study tested 50 elderly people who scored low on the mini-mental test, showing promising results in detecting mental deterioration.
Mechanistic insights into contact hypersensitivity could pave the way for drug discovery
A study by Japanese researchers from Fujita Health University sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of contact dermatitis, revealing that neutrophil extracellular traps play a key role in the condition. The team's findings suggest that inhibiting NET formation could be a new therapeutic strategy for treating contact dermatitis.
Oncotarget | Kinase activity in renal cell carcinoma, benign renal tissue and in response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Researchers identified differences in PTK activity between normal and cancer kidney tissue, with Src family kinases and PI3K pathways exhibiting high activity. Ex vivo treatment of clear cell RCC with TKIs revealed that tivozanib and cabozantinib were more potent inhibitors than sunitinib or pazopanib.
New chip could make treating metastatic cancer easier and faster
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a new chip that can detect cancer metastasis in blood samples with high precision and scalability. The Cluster-Well chip uses microfluidic technology to isolate circulating tumor cell clusters, allowing for earlier and more targeted treatment.
SourceGeorgia Institute of Technology·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 15, 2022
Protein that detects light may play a role in the origin and progression of melanoma, study suggests
Researchers at the University of São Paulo found that deactivating the light-sensitive protein melanopsin slows melanoma progression in animal experiments. The study, published in Communications Biology, suggests that melanopsin acts as an oncogene in melanoma, a type of skin cancer.
SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalCommunications Biology·DateAug 9, 2022
‘RNA fishing’ reveals new driver of melanoma malignancy and metastasis
Researchers at the Centre for Genomic Regulation have identified PDIA6 as a key protein involved in driving melanoma malignancy. The study found that PDIA6 promotes melanoma cell growth by binding to RNA molecules inside tumor cells, making it a promising therapeutic target.
SourceCenter for Genomic Regulation·JournalNucleic Acids Research·TypeExperimental study·DateAug 3, 2022
New research could lead to simple blood test for brain tumours
Researchers at University of Bristol developed mathematical models to assess biomarkers for detecting glioblastomas, a type of brain cancer. The study found that lowering the current biomarker threshold could lead to earlier detection using blood tests.
Oncotarget | Chemoradiation-induced alteration of programmed death-ligand 1, CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and mucin expression in rectal cancer
Researchers investigated the effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, PD-L1, and mucin expression in rectal cancer patients. The study found that nCRT exposure was associated with higher mucin expression and a non-significant difference in PD-L1 expression, suggesting an immunosuppressive phenotype.
Study could lead to better education and treatment of sexual health for breast cancer patients
A new study by CU Anschutz researchers found that over 70% of breast cancer patients experience changes in their sexual health during and after treatment. Patients desire early education and counseling from medical teams to address these issues, which are often overlooked.
SourceUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus·JournalAnnals of Surgical Oncology·DateAug 2, 2022
Factors associated with cancer treatment delay among patients diagnosed with COVID-19
A study of 3,028 patients with COVID-19 reveals that race, ethnicity, and severity of infection are key factors contributing to delayed cancer treatment. Researchers found that these patient demographic factors are strongly associated with delays in receiving timely medical care.
CU Cancer Center study aims to predict critical markers for lung cancer treatments
Researchers used Guardant NGS to analyze nearly 17,000 lung cancer samples and found MET amplification in 1.2% of cases, with 20.8% having overlapping oncogenic drivers. The study suggests that high gene copy numbers and smaller amplified regions can be used to enrich for the true MET-sensitive population.
ACP offers guidance on the ethical use of genetic testing and precision medicine
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has issued a position paper on the ethical use of genetic testing and precision medicine in internal medicine. The guidelines address key issues such as incidental findings, education for physicians and patients, and counseling needs. ACP emphasizes the need for ongoing surveillance and anticoag...
SourceAmerican College of Physicians·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·TypeLiterature review·DateJul 25, 2022
People with early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma face a higher risk of dying from cardiovascular disease than from cancer
A recent study published in CANCER highlights the growing concern among Hodgkin lymphoma survivors. The analysis found that individuals with early-stage HL are now at a higher risk of death from cardiovascular disease compared to cancer after approximately 60 and 120 months of follow-up. This indicates that more effective measures are ...