Articles tagged with Cancer Treatments
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The NCI has launched a program to provide molecular characterization of childhood cancers, allowing for accurate diagnoses and personalized treatment. The program will expand to include soft tissue sarcomas and other rare tumors, and data collected will be shared among researchers to accelerate the development of new treatments.
Researchers at ChristianaCare's Gene Editing Institute describe a new process for evaluating the impacts of gene edits that alter rather than completely disabling DNA code. The study validates the safety and efficacy of their novel approach for using CRISPR to improve lung cancer treatments.
A team of engineers and scientists has developed a proof-of-concept for a magnetic tentacle robot that can navigate the narrow tubes of the lung, enabling doctors to take tissue samples or deliver cancer therapy. The device measures just 2 millimeters in diameter and uses an autonomous magnetic guidance system to guide it into place.
Researchers developed a computational approach called CellTrek to combine parallel gene-expression profiling methods, creating spatial maps at single-cell resolution. The tool provides detailed information on individual cell types' location within tissues, enabling unique biological insights.
Research led by Adam Green, MD, shows that the youngest patients with brain tumors (ages 0-3 months) have about half the five-year survival rate as children ages 1-19. The study analyzed population-based data for almost 14,500 children and found significantly poorer outcomes among the youngest patients.
A study published in Cell Reports Medicine reveals the oncometabolite role of progesterone in advanced prostate cancer and strategies to eliminate its oncogenic effect. Biochanin-A, an isoflavone found in soy, inhibits the enzyme 3βHSD1, which generates progesterone.
A meta-analysis of over 3,000 studies found that women with one ovary have a 30% lower chance of becoming pregnant and giving birth after IVF. The study suggests that surgical removal of an ovary has an adverse effect on fertility.
A study published in eLife reveals that cancer cells undergoing confined migration become more resistant to anoikis and exhibit increased invasiveness. This process may boost survival in cancer cells and make them more prone to forming deadly metastases.
Researchers created implantable beads that produce high concentrations of interleukin-2, a natural compound activating white blood cells to fight cancer. The treatment eradicated ovarian and colorectal cancer in mice within six days, paving the way for human clinical trials later this year.
The study found that White people are more than twice as likely to get some types of cancer, including melanoma skin cancer and oesophageal bladder cancers, compared to Black, Asian or Mixed ethnic backgrounds. Black people are also more likely to get certain types of cancer, such as myeloma and prostate cancer.
A study published in Nature Cancer has found that tissue damage caused by radiation can facilitate the spread of cancer, with neutrophils playing a key role. The researchers used mice to test the effect of high doses of radiation on healthy lung tissue and found that secondary tumours formed more easily in damaged lungs.
The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) has issued new clinical practice guidelines on systemic therapy for HCC, emphasizing the importance of consulting a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals. The guidelines provide specific patient scenarios and treatment options to help hepatologists make informed decisions.
Researchers investigated COVID-19 mortality in adult cancer patients, finding that systemic treatments and comorbidities played a role in increased risk. The study analyzed 2,500 patients and identified specific tumor subtypes associated with higher mortality rates.
Researchers found that MYC inhibition by Omomyc exerts a dramatic effect on the metastatic process, reducing primary tumor and metastatic growth. The study suggests that MYC inhibition is anti-metastatic in breast cancer, offering promise as an anti-metastatic therapy.
Scientists have discovered a new subtype of relapsed pediatric AML characterized by a specific gene mutation called UBTF exon 13 tandem duplication (UBTF-TD), which is associated with poor outcomes and an increased incidence of minimal residual disease. This mutation can be used to identify high-risk patients and guide treatment.
Researchers identified a novel mutation in 9% of relapsed pediatric AML cases, suggesting a new subtype of the disease. The UBTF tandem duplication is associated with poor survival rates and higher likelihood of minimal residual disease positivity.
Rice University's Gang Bao receives $1 million CPRIT grant to develop a three-pronged strategy combining magnetic nanoparticles, free radical generation, and immune checkpoint blockade to kill cancer cells. The approach aims to increase the efficacy of cancer therapy, potentially leading to a clinical trial.
Researchers developed patient surrogates to evaluate potential prostate cancer treatments, identifying genes that could be targeted with drugs. The models predicted synergistic effects of treatments and identified promising drug combinations.
A new study highlights alternative treatment options that consider a patient's likelihood of recovery and quality of life. Total Definitive Treatment (TDT) is an approach that combines chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and close monitoring to potentially cure patients without surgery.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have developed bionanoparticles derived from corn that selectively target and inhibit the growth of cancer cells, inducing tumor necrosis factor-α release. These findings suggest a novel, economical, and safe anti-cancer therapy approach.
A comprehensive analysis of over 2,200 patients in Europe reveals the complexity of cholangiocarcinoma, a rare cancer often diagnosed at an advanced stage. The study highlights the need for education programs to raise awareness and improve early diagnosis, survival, and quality of life.
Researchers have developed a rapid and affordable test to identify specific genetic mutations in cancer cells using SuperSelective PCR primers. This assay can detect rare mutations, enabling targeted therapy and monitoring minimal residual disease. The study demonstrates the potential of this approach for personalized cancer treatment.
A team of researchers has identified over 250 gene activators in human cells, expanding our understanding of transcriptional regulation and its role in cancer. The study also reveals new insights into how proteins interact with each other to regulate gene expression, potentially leading to the development of targeted therapies.
Women treated for cervical neoplasia grade 3 show declining risks of preterm birth, neonatal sepsis, and infant death after treatment. The study suggests that these high-risk pregnancies should be managed with careful consideration.
A new study found nearly 17% of cancer survivors experience moderate or increased housing insecurity, complicating disease management and healthcare navigation. Housing insecurity also correlates with lower household income, educational attainment, and being Black.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia define a 3-tiered molecular classification system for pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer, where fusion oncogenes are associated with more invasive disease and lower remission rates. The study contrasts findings from adults, who have a two-tiered system based on BRAF mutations.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a novel microfluidic device that can efficiently harvest and sort tumor-eating immune cells from tumors. This technology has shown dramatic results in shrinking tumors in mice compared to traditional methods.
A study of 1,000 patients found that some recoverees from hepatitis C still face liver cancer risks after treatment. Researchers propose a 2-step strategy combining FIB-4 and transient elastography/ultrasound to predict high-risk cases.
A single genetic test using RNA sequencing has been used for all children with cancer in the Netherlands since 2018, improving diagnosis and treatment in seven cases. The technique picked up 78 fusion genes, 23 of which led to a more accurate diagnosis or possible treatment.
Researchers investigated geographic disparities in initial breast cancer care, finding significant regional variations and unequal distribution of resources. The study suggests that both patient-level factors and regional characteristics contribute to these disparities, affecting treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that magnesium is essential for the functioning of T cells, which can eliminate abnormal or infected cells. Increasing local magnesium concentration in tumors strengthened the immune response against cancer cells.
Researchers at Osaka University have made a breakthrough in understanding the molecular mechanisms behind Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), a deadly form of liver cancer. By identifying TRAF3 and NIK as key players, they have uncovered potential therapeutic targets for novel ICC treatment.
Researchers found that knocking down LCDR in lung cancer cells promotes apoptosis, providing a potential new target for diagnosis and treatment. Additionally, targeting LCDR shows promise as a therapeutic strategy and has diagnostic value for lung adenocarcinoma.
Researchers at the University of Cologne have identified a new direct link between proteins BAX and DRP1 and apoptosis. The study reveals that DRP1 can serve as a direct cell death activator by binding to BAX, potentially leading to new cancer therapies.
Researchers found that zika virus injections destroyed brain tumors in mice and reduced tumor size in cerebral organoids, with immune cells alerting the system to its existence. This approach opens up prospects for virotherapy treatment of central nervous system tumors.
A study published in Leukemia found that cord blood transplantation (CBT) was more effective than matched related donor transplantation (MRDT) for patients with refractory and relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML). The study compared the survival rates of 1,738 CBT-treated patients with those of 713 MRDT-treated patients, revealing...
Researchers discover tBID can induce programmed cell death through mitochondrial damage, revealing a new function for a previously thought signal transducer protein. This finding has implications for treating malignant cells and combating infections like Shigella.
Researchers at Purdue University have identified a new pathway for producing the anti-cancer compound thymohydroquinone, found in plants like thyme and oregano. By understanding this process, plant scientists can engineer plants to produce higher levels of beneficial compounds or synthesize them in microorganisms.
Researchers have discovered that HIV drugs may be effective in treating low-grade brain tumours, specifically meningioma and acoustic neuroma. High levels of HERV-K proteins were found to stimulate the growth of these tumours, and targeted drugs have been identified to reduce their growth.
A novel vaccine, TOH-Vac1, replicates inside the body's cells and generates a powerful immune response in mice and monkeys. The vaccine is based on a strain of vaccinia virus used to vaccinate against smallpox and can be programmed to protect against multiple variants.
A recent study published in JNCCN found that 33 out of 81 studies lacked transparency on censoring, which can introduce bias and affect trial results. The researchers emphasize the need for improved transparency and reporting in clinical trials to ensure patients and clinicians make informed decisions.
Researchers have identified a novel immune-like mechanism by which healthy epithelial cells recognize and eliminate precancerous cells through a MHC class I-LILRB3 interaction. This process generates mechanical force to extrude the precancerous cells from the body, offering new hope for cancer prevention and treatment.
A novel medical cooling system for preventing Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is being developed by the University of Huddersfield and Paxman. CIPN causes pain or sensitivity in hands and feet, delaying treatment. The new device uses 'Human Centred Design' to deliver stable cooling, tolerable over chemotherapy duration.
Surgeons at Henry Ford Health performed the world's first precision prostatectomy through the bladder using a single port robotic surgical system. The procedure preserves a portion of the prostate capsule, improving functional outcomes such as erectile function and urinary control.
Researchers have described a dynamic genomic landscape of tumour heterogeneity in hepatocellular carcinoma, highlighting the need for novel strategies targeting heterogeneous tumors. The study, published in National Science Review, used multi-omic data to reveal variations in genetic and transcriptomic profiles across patients.
A recent study found that patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who experience rising ESR1 mutations before disease progression can benefit from an early switch to fulvestrant plus palbociclib. This approach yields a statistically and clinically significant gain in progression-free survival, potentially justifying its a...
Researchers have developed a CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system to enhance the effectiveness of sonodynamic therapy, allowing tumors to be effectively shrunk in a mouse model of liver cancer. The technology reduces antioxidant defense systems, increasing cancer cell death from the treatment.
A prospective study found that MRI outperformed conventional tests and FDG PET/CT for various staging endpoints in SCLC. Whole-body MRI and FDG PET/MRI were more accurate than FDG PET/CT for assessing local invasion extent.
Researchers have developed smart transformable nanoparticles that can alter their size and shape in response to physiological conditions, improving particle circulation, biodistribution, and targeted therapy for cancer theranostics. These particles promise enhanced tumor diagnoses and treatment by adapting to the physiology of tumors.
Researchers at Hokkaido University analyzed hundreds of women with ovarian granulosa cell tumors to improve understanding of the disease progression and response to therapy. They found that early-stage tumors rarely spread beyond the ovaries, and fertility-sparing surgery may be considered for younger patients.
A research team developed an AI framework that analyzes protein interactions to predict effective and low-toxicity cancer drug combinations. The framework, GraphSynergy, outperforms conventional models in identifying synergistic combinations.
Researchers used next-generation DNA sequencing to detect residual disease in patients treated with CAR-T therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The study found that DNA sequencing was more sensitive and accurate than flow cytometry in predicting relapse, enabling earlier intervention.
A recent review article describes a class of viruses known as oncolytic viruses, which have the remarkable ability to target and destroy cancer cells. Researchers are exploring these viruses for cancer therapy, with some showing promising results in stimulating an immune response against cancer.
The study evaluated outcomes of minimally invasive esophagectomy compared to open esophagectomy in 6000 ESCC patients over 10 years. MIE was found to be an effective treatment option even for large tumors, expanding its indicated population.
A recent study found that antibiotic resistance rates for Helicobacter pylori are decreasing in European countries. The use of three antibiotics over 10-14 days resulted in success rates of over 90%. The researchers hope to reduce antibiotic consumption to prevent further resistance.
A fasting-mimicking diet was found to be safe and biologically active in cancer patients, with potential benefits for modulation of metabolism and enhancement of antitumor immunity. The study demonstrated significant reductions in blood glucose and growth factor concentrations, as well as enhancements in intratumor T-cell infiltration.
A survey study of 400 parents and 80 clinicians found that nearly one-quarter of parents reported challenges in the therapeutic relationship with their oncologist, highlighting the need for improvement strategies. Clinicians used these strategies more frequently when they experienced relationship difficulties.
A Mount Sinai study reveals that young adult cancer patients exhibit distinct genetic hallmarks and immune system responses compared to their older counterparts. These findings suggest personalized treatment approaches for young adults with various types of cancers.
Researchers aim to reverse tissue damage and scar buildup in lungs affected by Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) using a protein domain. The team hopes to identify therapeutic agents that can be used to treat the disease, which affects 100,000 Americans annually.
A study of over 1,100 prostate cancer patients found that androgen deprivation therapy did not increase the risk of death within 30 days after a COVID-19 infection. Researchers concluded that men receiving androgen deprivation therapy had similar mortality rates as those who did not receive this treatment.