Researchers at UEA have engineered antibody fragments that can be activated by UV light to target cancer cells, offering a new generation of highly targeted treatments. This breakthrough could lead to reduced side effects and improved efficacy for patients with skin or solid tumours.
A new study by the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign reveals that even with broad coverage, public transit systems may still exclude low-income and vulnerable populations. The researchers used a GIS-based approach to evaluate travel times by location and economic conditions, finding that routes often leave behind those who rel...
Researchers discovered that sensory signals are underrepresented in cortical pyramidal neurons of people with Fragile X syndrome (FXS), a common cause of autism. This finding could lead to new therapeutic strategies and improved perception of sensory signals.
Researchers propose a new method to investigate many-body correlations in quantum systems by ramping physical parameters. The new non-adiabatic linear response theory reveals different correlated behaviors in regimes of superfluid, Mott insulators, and quantum critical regions.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have developed a new technique that captures real-time movies of copper nanoparticles as they convert carbon dioxide into renewable fuels and chemicals. The study reveals that metallic copper nanograins serve as active sites for CO2 reduction, paving the way for advanced solar fuel technology.
A team of international experts has established new criteria for diagnosing myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), a condition causing inflammation and potential damage to the brain and spinal cord. The proposed guidelines, published in The Lancet Neurology, provide an important framework for distingui...
Research suggests that black and Hispanic Americans experience more symptoms and health problems related to long COVID than white people, but are less likely to be diagnosed. Studies found variations in symptom manifestations and diagnostic experiences among different racial and ethnic groups.
Researchers probed critical behavior of ferromagnetic honeycomb lattice using sSQUID microscopy, revealing frustrated ferromagnetic phase transition in AB-stacked bilayer. The study demonstrates susceptometry's potential for studying spin frustration in 2D materials.
A study published in a book highlights the concentration of land ownership in Brazil, which leads to rural conflicts and violence. The authors argue that the rural population is drastically underrepresented in politics and lacks formal representation to defend its interests.
The five-year project aims to enroll 500 working-age adults with brain or spinal cord injuries and explore the effectiveness of vocational resource facilitation services. Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation and other partners will provide targeted counseling and support to help individuals return to work after disabling neurotrauma.
Researchers at NTNU developed a predictive control heating system that can optimize energy consumption by predicting heating needs and utilizing surplus heat. The system saved 1.8% in energy costs per month, demonstrating its potential to reduce electric bills.
A team of scientists developed a simplified and efficient method for artificial production of terpenes, using fluorinated alcohol catalyst solutions. This approach allows targeted production of natural substances from simple starting materials, offering potential applications in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.
A study found that an allele of the HLA Class 1 gene may protect individuals from severe COVID-19. The researchers compared the immune systems of patients in different waves of the pandemic and discovered a link between the HLA-A*01:01 allele and effective T-cell immunity against new variants.
The James Webb Space Telescope has discovered frozen forms of complex molecules on the surface of small dust grains, providing insight into planetary system formation. The study reveals that these ice-cold conditions facilitate the creation of essential molecules for life, with potential implications for exoplanet atmospheres.
Researchers have discovered volatile compounds in tsetse flies that control mating behavior and potentially aid disease management. The findings may lead to the development of new tools to combat trypanosomiasis, a life-threatening illness transmitted by these insects.
The SLAS Discovery Editor's Top 10 for 2022 showcases articles on COVID-19 drug discovery, 3D organoid systems, and treatments for diseases such as autism spectrum disorder and obesity. These top articles demonstrate the impact of high-throughput screening approaches and innovative technologies in advancing scientific collaboration.
Transparent ocean creatures use reflective cells to hide from predators, featuring tunable and compact photonic glass. Scientists have discovered the structure of these 'eyeglitter' reflectors, revealing new possibilities for photonic innovation in solar energy, communications, and more.
Researchers at Scripps Research found that a 'poisoned' form of the DNA methyltransferase 3B protein can promote cancer growth by allowing cancer-causing genes to turn on. A new drug candidate, DBIC, was developed to revert the protein to its normal form, preventing tumor formation in mice with colon cancer.
Scientists have genetically modified potatoes and tomatoes to produce betacyanin, a pigment with anti-inflammatory properties. The transgenic vegetables demonstrated enhanced accumulation of the pigment, which showed improved effects in reducing inflammation in macrophage-like cells and murine models of colitis.
Current state reporting methods may be inadequate, as not all individuals experiencing an overdose connect with medical services or community programs. This study highlights the need for more comprehensive reporting of nonfatal drug overdoses across US states.
Researchers develop a governance model for ethical guidance in AI, combining copyleft licensing with the patent troll approach. The CAITE model assigns enforcement rights to a third-party host, ensuring compliance while promoting flexibility and community participation.
Researchers discovered that aircraft noise exposure up to 4 days can cause pro-inflammatory aortic gene expression and increased vascular dysfunction in mice. In humans, noise exposure was linked to elevated C-reactive protein and worse left ventricular function after myocardial infarction.
Researchers found that stevia-based sweeteners cause significantly less environmental impact than sugar, with reduced land use and water consumption. The study provides promising news for the planet's health, but highlights the need for further research on the health impacts of these natural sweeteners.
Researchers at the University of Waterloo analyzed a zero-carbon building in Canada and found that data-driven improvements helped reduce energy consumption by 15% without compromising comfort. The building is now on track to achieve its target, producing five percent more clean energy than it consumes and adding it to the Ontario grid.
The Vertical Test Area at Jefferson Lab achieved a record-breaking 470 superconducting radiofrequency accelerator cavity tests in 2022, driven by improvements made by operations engineer Justin Kent. This milestone demonstrates the facility's versatility and commitment to supporting cutting-edge research.
Researchers at University of Texas at Dallas and Ohio State University identify quantum geometry as primary mechanism for superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene. This finding paves way for designing new superconductors that can operate at higher temperatures, transforming industries such as energy transport and maglev trains.
Scientists at the University of Illinois Chicago have found a way to selectively degrade disease-causing proteins in specific parts of cells. By studying the movement of enzymes inside cells, they discovered that attaching or detaching a fat molecule can direct where these enzymes go.
Scientists at ICRAR have identified tantalizing evidence of magnetic fields in the universe's largest cosmic structures. This breakthrough suggests that magnetic forces play a significant role in shaping the cosmos.
A study of 228 children aged 4-12 found elevated screen time during the COVID-19 pandemic persisted even after precautions lifted. The long-term association between increased screen time and children's health needs further investigation.
A new algorithm uses patient-reported outcomes to identify patients with cancer who are at increased odds of having unplanned emergency department visits. The algorithm, which calculates a symptom complexity score, has shown that patients with high complexity scores are three times more likely to use the ED.
A team of researchers has discovered evidence of 'cosmological coupling' between black holes and the universe's expanding energy. By studying supermassive black holes in ancient galaxies, they found that these black holes gain mass over billions of years, matching predictions for black holes that cosmologically couple with vacuum energy.
Researchers found that combining losartan with chemotherapy and chemoradiation improves blood vessel normalization, immune cell maturation, and reduces immunosuppression in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. This combination therapy may potentiate the benefits of other anti-cancer treatments.
The Journal of Correctional Health Care published a special issue on transgender health in corrections, highlighting the experiences of Ruth Utnage and Kristy Clark. The study found that transgender women are overrepresented in prisons due to discrimination, violence, and victimization across their lifespan.
AAHI will develop a prototype nasal spray using its novel adjuvant formulation platform, promising to shorten timelines for emergency response to and mitigate impacts from biological threats. The project aims to create a temperature-stable and broadly protective nasal spray against multiple respiratory viruses.
Researchers explore the 'what to sell' question in companies, finding three primary drivers: technology market, firm capabilities, and marketing capabilities. This decision comes before the 'how to sell' question, influencing costs and revenue models.
Researchers found that the feathers of large seabirds contained nutrients from multiple ocean basins, while smaller birds had elements matching their local foraging environments. This discovery may explain the long-distance migrations of threatened species.
Researchers develop E-seed carriers, inspired by Erodium's self-burying mechanism, to enable efficient aerial seeding in difficult-to-access areas. The three-tailed design enhances functionality beyond nature's offerings, with potential applications for other materials and environments.
A Chinese Medical Journal study analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution of epilepsy across China, finding significant increases in incidence and prevalence rates between 1990 and 2019. The study also showed a general decrease in age-standardized DALY rates with increasing socio-demographic index.
Researchers at Cornell University have discovered that metal oxide nanoparticles commonly used as food coloring and anti-caking agents can damage parts of the human intestine. The study, led by Elad Tako, found negative effects on key digestive proteins in chickens injected with the nanoparticles.
An international survey found that most health and nutrition claims on infant formula products are backed by little to no high-quality scientific evidence. The study identified 757 products with an average of two claims each, including benefits for brain development, immunity, and growth.
Patients with resectable NSCLC treated with neoadjuvant nivolumab show improved five-year recurrence-free and overall survival rates compared to historical outcomes. Major pathological responses after neoadjuvant nivolumab may be associated with lower risk of disease recurrence and death.
A large international study suggests that social and economic disadvantage may explain the higher risk of dementia in women. Women, particularly in low- to lower-middle income countries, have a higher likelihood of developing dementia due to factors such as limited education and occupational opportunities.
Scientists identify quantum geometry as the key to twisted bilayer graphene's superconducting properties. The discovery reveals that electron movement slows down dramatically near the magic angle, but still allows for electricity conduction.
A study by Ivey Business School found that joining a peer-supported debt counselling group improves financial well-being, particularly for those who fear stigma. Participants repaid more debt and experienced increased motivation when interacting with others who shared similar financial struggles.
The NERVE Center has developed test methods and metrics for various robots, identifying limitations to improve systems. The center's success grew its research capabilities through partnerships with NIST and the U.S. Army.
Scientists have successfully corrected limb length in a mouse model of FZD2-associated autosomal dominant Robinow Syndrome, a genetic disorder that affects skeletal growth and development. The treatment involves using a drug that stimulates the signalling pathway, resulting in significantly longer limbs than untreated mice.
Researchers have developed a novel experimental platform that combines optical and fMRI techniques to study large-scale brain networks. The platform identified the anterior insular cortex as a key player in controlling the Default Mode Brain Network, which is active during daydreaming, memory retrieval, and envisioning the future.
New data from the MELT project reveal that Thwaites Glacier's melting is not uniform, with cracks and crevasses experiencing faster melting rates. This suggests that even small amounts of melting can push the glacier out of balance, contributing to its rapid retreat.
Researchers found that kilonovae, caused by neutron star collisions, produce spherical explosions with symmetrical shapes. The discovery may provide a new key to fundamental physics and measuring the Universe's age.
Researchers at the University of Konstanz found that selfish behavior can lead to a fair distribution of risk within groups of animals. By positioning themselves optimally to minimize distance from others, individuals reduce their own predation risk and create a safer environment for all members.
The NIH is conducting a clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of S-217622, an investigational antiviral drug, in hospitalized adults with COVID-19. The trial aims to determine if S-217622 can improve recovery times compared to a placebo.
A new crosslinking strategy for organic-inorganic hybrid dielectric layers improves TFT performance by reducing leakage current and increasing stability. This approach enables low-power driving and easy manufacturing through solution processing, contributing to next-generation flexible electronic devices.
Researchers studied functional brain connectivity in fighter pilots to understand its relevance to astronauts. They found specific brain connectivity patterns that may aid in training programs for pilots and astronauts.
Research suggests that rapid ocean warming could force plankton to move away from the tropics, negatively affecting marine food chains. The study used microfossils to track the history of zooplankton and found that tropical plankton populations lived in waters more than 2,000 miles from their current location 8 million years ago.
Despite industry claims of high R&D costs, most biopharmaceutical companies spent more on selling and administrative activities. New medicines often offer little or no added clinical value, leading to concerns over high prices.
Researchers at Duke-NUS Medical School have devised a way to rapidly and precisely measure the length of a single telomere, opening doors to developing lifestyle interventions that slow ageing and prevent disease. The novel approach uses DNA sequences called 'telobaits' to latch onto the ends of telomeres in large pools of DNA fragments.
A new study published by the American Academy of Neurology found that individuals living in disadvantaged neighborhoods face an increased risk of death after being hospitalized for stroke, epilepsy, and other neurologic diseases. The study revealed that those residing in these areas had a 23% higher risk of dying within a month compare...
Researchers developed a quick clinical test predicting which people with neck pain benefit from epidural steroid injections, a common but costly and risky treatment option. The new variation on physical exam identified patients with nonorganic signs who are more likely to respond to the injections, guiding best use of treatment.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a novel one-pot reaction to form amide bonds with high yields and minimal equipment requirements. The DMAPO/Boc2O-mediated system produces amides from less reactive nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds and carboxylic acids.
A recent study using planktonic foraminifera fossils found a global clade-wide shift in marine latitudinal zones towards the Equator. The researchers discovered that this shift was not tied to species diversity or functional traits, but rather ecological and morphological characteristics of the organisms.