A Peking University research team has developed the world's first chip that can match the functioning speed of the human brain. The chip, which operates at 50 MHz and uses in-memory computing, reduces data movement and brings high-quality brain modeling closer to real-time use.
The Xi Peng laboratory has developed LargePNet, a novel general-purpose fluorescence image restoration network that aggregates large-view structural information to overcome the loss of global contextual information caused by conventional patch-based training. This results in improved restoration accuracy and large-size image inference ...
Researchers have developed a potent and selective small-molecule inverse agonist targeting the itch receptor MRGPRX4, providing a new strategy for treating cholestatic itch. The compound HEP-50768 showed efficacy in animal studies and demonstrated good drug-like properties and safety profiles.
A Peking University study found that population ageing, not just air pollution, contributes to rising dementia deaths in China. Lower PM2.5 levels have brought health benefits, but the rapid growth of China's older population offsets progress.
Researchers at Peking University have developed a general nanofabrication strategy for van der Waals materials, allowing for the creation of low-loss and high-performance photonic structures. This enables the demonstration of efficient continuous-wave nonlinear optical processes in vdW microcavities.
The cf-EpiTracing platform has been developed to detect and trace diseases from as little as 50 μl of human plasma, capturing detailed epigenetic fingerprints. It has delivered impressive results in early diagnosis and screening for colorectal cancer, achieving an accuracy rate of up to 97.6%.
A research team from Peking University found that hailstorms in China have surged since the Industrial Revolution, driven by human-driven climate warming. They analyzed 2,890 years of historical records and data from over 2,000 weather stations to identify a significant increase in hailstorm days after 1850.
Researchers have discovered that prolonged stress in Escherichia coli bacteria leads to the formation of aggresomes, which store mRNA and enhance survival and recovery from stress. This breakthrough highlights a new target for disrupting the protective mechanism, potentially reducing the risk of infection relapse.
The Peking University team developed a novel triangle structured illumination microscopy (SIM) that enables gentler, sustained super-resolution live-cell imaging. The new method achieves an unprecedented kilo-Hz speed and half-day-long duration, allowing for the study of complex biological processes with higher data throughput.
Researchers at Peking University have successfully fabricated large-area crystalline InSe wafers for integrated electronics, demonstrating exceptional electronic performance and ultra-high electron mobility. The devices exhibit outstanding behavior at sub-10 nm gate lengths, surpassing silicon projections in key future benchmarks.
A study reveals that children aged 5-10 develop emotional understanding through cognitive shifts from perceptual cues to conceptual knowledge, with implications for education and interventions.
The study introduces a novel integration of graph-theoretic structural chemistry, algebraic topology, and deep generative models to enable the rational design of catalysts. The researchers achieved highly accurate predictions of OH adsorption energy using a variational autoencoder coupled with a gradient boosting regressor.
Researchers at Peking University have discovered a key mechanism governing proton storage and transport in aqueous batteries, enabling ultra-fast charging and higher capacity. By engineering hydrogen-bond networks, they propose three strategies to optimize battery performance, advancing next-generation proton-based aqueous batteries
A research team at Peking University has developed the first sort-in-memory hardware system tailored for complex, nonlinear sorting tasks. The system eliminates the need for comparators and introduces a novel Digit Read mechanism, along with a new algorithm and hardware design that reimagines how sorting can be performed within memory.
A novel codon expansion strategy enables precise incorporation of non-canonical amino acids into proteins in mammalian systems. The approach utilizes post-transcriptionally modified RNA codons within targeted transcripts to encode ncAAs, offering new opportunities for protein engineering and functional studies.
The study proposes a product-oriented orthogonal transformation strategy to convert mixed plastics into valuable chemicals under mild and low-energy conditions. This approach successfully achieves the directional preparation of mixed plastics into various useful products.
A team of researchers discovered genetic evidence of a rare matrilineal community in Neolithic China dating back over 4,750 years. The study found that women stayed within their clan for life, while men often moved between clans, suggesting a relatively simple and egalitarian farming community organized around two matrilineal clans.
Researchers at Peking University have reported the first observation of non-reciprocal Coulomb drag in Chern insulators, revealing new insights into topological quantum materials and quantum fluctuations. The study enhances our understanding of quantum states in magnetic topological systems.
A team from Peking University achieved a major breakthrough in imaging 15 cellular structures simultaneously using lipid membrane probes, dual-color spinning-disk confocal microscopy, and deep learning. This method enables real-time, long-term organelle tracking with improved efficiency and reduced phototoxicity.
The study highlights ICRAFT's ability to pinpoint genes like TNFAIP3 (A20) with dual immunoregulatory effects in both tumor cells and immune cells.
Researchers conducted a simulation on North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) origins and evolution. The study found that NAO emerged around 80-60 Ma due to land-sea temperature contrast and Rocky Mountain uplift (~40 Ma). This understanding provides insights into past climate variability and improves climate prediction models.
A research group at Peking University discovered dopamine's role in regulating Tau's function through a novel chemoproteomic strategy. This finding deepens our understanding of dopamine's physiological and pathological roles in the human brain.
A groundbreaking study reveals a complete antiviral immune pathway in rice plants that recognizes viral coat proteins, degrades signaling pathways, and activates RNA silencing and reactive oxygen species to fend off viruses. This discovery paves the way for developing multi-target strategies for antiviral breeding of crops.
A research team has achieved orbital hybridization in graphene-based artificial atoms, a significant milestone in quantum physics and materials science. This breakthrough provides a new platform for simulating real atomic processes, with potential applications in quantum computing and nanoelectronic devices.
The study introduces a novel non-van-der-Wals 2D coordination polymer with intrinsic superconducting properties. Cu3BHT exhibits metallic conductivity and a superconducting transition at 0.25 K, attributed to enhanced electron-phonon coupling and electron-electron interactions.
A recent study from Peking University found that modern clean energy sources may exacerbate existing inequalities, particularly for low-income households. The researchers recommend policy solutions like phased clean energy transitions and targeted energy subsidies to ensure a more equitable transition.
Researchers introduce epi-bit method for DNA self-assembly, allowing for fast, low-cost, and accessible data storage. The method encodes information through selective methylation on cytosine bases, with an error rate of less than 1.42% in readouts.
Klinefelter syndrome, a common genetic condition affecting one in every 600 men, often leads to infertility due to an extra X chromosome. A recent study by Peking University researchers reveals that the presence of the extra X chromosome disrupts biological pathways and prevents cells from maturing properly.
Researchers at Peking University developed a heterojunction-gated field-effect transistor for high sensitivity in short-wave infrared detection, achieving a specific detectivity above 1014 Jones at 1300 nm. The detector can detect weak infrared radiation levels of 0.46 nW cm−2, making it capable of starlight vision.
Scientists from Peking University discovered a way to control the electronic polar states in EuTe4, a rare CDW semiconductor material. The team used ultrafast lasers to induce reversible changes in second harmonic generation and resistance, offering new insights into the material's properties.
A research team at Peking University reconstructed ocean acidification during the Palaeocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, a major carbon release event 56 million years ago. The study's findings stress the urgency of addressing human-driven CO2 emissions to protect marine ecosystems, particularly in vulnerable regions like the Arctic.
A new study published in Nature Communications provides fresh insights into China's carbon removal capacity through land-use, land-use change, and forestry. The researchers used an improved modeling approach to estimate the country's carbon removal from land-use changes, offering more accurate projections for future carbon removal.
A collaborative study reveals distinct mechanisms of plant and animal response to climate change in their life-cycle phenology. The research team compiled a global phenological dataset, showing that plants' late-season phenophases advance more significantly than animals', potentially due to increased plant productivity.
Researchers from Peking University have identified a new compound, C7, that retains the therapeutic effect of obeticholic acid without causing itch. The study reveals the molecular mechanism of bile acids activating hX4 to induce cholestatic itch, offering hope for more effective and comfortable liver disease treatments.
Researchers at Peking University developed a dual-IMC scheme to accelerate machine learning and improve energy efficiency. The new computing scheme stores both neural network weights and inputs in memory, reducing data movement and power consumption.
Researchers at Peking University have developed a memristor attractor network model that overcomes limitations of the original Hopfield network model. The new model uses memristors to store more stable states, increasing storage capacity and efficiency for associative memory applications.
MC-ISM offers a two-fold enhancement in three-dimensional resolution through pixel reassignment and further deconvolution post-processing. It also improves imaging speeds by 16 times over multifocal structured illumination microscopy.
Wang Jian's group and collaborators have discovered charge-4e and charge-6e superconducting states in CsV3Sb5 ring devices, marking the first experimental observation of multi-charge superconductivity. These findings open up new perspectives for exploring novel multiple-fermion states.
Researchers from Peking University developed a miniaturized implantable sensor that can wirelessly monitor health parameters without transcutaneous wires or bulky equipment. The system showed promising capabilities in measuring critical parameters such as cerebrospinal fluid viscosity and glucose levels in rat models.
A team of Chinese researchers has developed an ultrathin optical crystal with high energy efficiency, revolutionizing next-generation laser technology. The twist boron nitride (TBN) crystal has a micron-level thickness and outperforms traditional crystals by 100 to 10,000 times in terms of energy efficiency.
Research reveals that regional bird communities are more tolerant of deforestation in areas with variable natural environments and longer agricultural histories. The study found that species' tolerance is linked to functional traits such as body size, habitat preference, and diet.
A team at Peking University developed an analog in-memory computing module for one-step matrix-matrix-vector multiplication, solving compressed sensing recovery in real-time. The circuit outperforms digital approaches and has been demonstrated to recover various types of signals and images.
A study by Peking University found that COVID-19 prevention measures exacerbated social phobia in Chinese college students, with risk factors including lower GPA, bullying experience, and mobile phone dependence. Protective factors included female gender, postgraduate status, and moderate trust in strangers.
An international team of astronomers has identified 106 galaxies with sizes between normal dwarfs and ultra-compact dwarfs in the Virgo Cluster. These 'fossils' provide insight into how extreme galaxies form, suggesting a common origin for ultra-diffuse galaxies and ultra-compact dwarf galaxies.
Researchers observe complete process of dwarf galaxy evolution into ultra-compact dwarf galaxies, shedding light on their mysterious origins. About 15% of UCDs are surrounded by faint star halos, and they're highly correlated with strongly nucleated dwarf galaxies.
A study by Peking University researchers reveals that climate change affects cryospheric rivers, leading to changes in sediment transport and regime shifts. This can threaten downstream communities and ecosystems, highlighting the need for adaptation strategies.
A study finds that rural energy transition in China can reduce up to 75,500 PM2.5-associated premature deaths nationwide, while also offsetting costs in most provinces. This transition is expected to improve air quality in northern China by 2050.
A team of Chinese scientists has found key evidence for the existence of nanohertz gravitational waves, marking a new era in nanohertz gravitational wave research. The detection will help astronomers understand the formation of universe structures and investigate supermassive black holes.
Scientists at Peking University have discovered a pair density wave state in a two-dimensional high-Temperature superconductor, which is a new 2D platform to investigate the PDW in unconventional superconductors. The discovery provides compelling evidence of the existence of PDW order in the 2D iron-based high-temperature superconductor.
The Peking University team has developed a miniature three-photon microscope that successfully captured deep-brain images of freely moving mice. The new device features an innovative optical configuration, maximizing the collection efficiency of scattered fluorescence and achieving low phototoxicity.