New research highlights four components where nature-based climate actions have fallen short, including inadequate accounting for albedo and carbon leakage. The study proposes reforms to improve the performance and scalability of these strategies.
The study found that bird species richness declined on nearly all Izu Islands, resulting in a degradation of bird communities. The degradation is likely due to direct predation and reduced food resources caused by introduced Japanese weasels.
A study analyzing genome data from teak trees found correlations between temperature and DNA sites, indicating adaptability to rising temperatures. The population in southern India demonstrated high adaptability, essential for effective management of genetic resources and resilient planting strategies.
Researchers developed an advanced modeling framework to enhance point cloud quality in metro tunnel inspections using backpack SLAM LiDAR systems. Inspection speed and scan density emerged as crucial determinants of point cloud quality, with optimal operational conditions achieving high-quality data.
The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute is digitizing images of pollen from over 18,000 plant species to create a massive database. This dataset will be used to train an AI model to aid pollen identifications, transforming the process into a digital and universally accessible one.
A team of Japanese astronomers discovered an explosively expanding bubble structure near the protoplanetary disk of WSB 52, pushing back against the disk and distorting it. The center of the bubble aligned with the disk's rotation axis, suggesting a jet triggered the expansion.
A new study by University College London found that stimulating the vagus nerve through small electric pulses can amplify the benefits of self-compassion meditation training. This technique shows promise in boosting self-kindness and mindfulness, particularly when combined with regular practice.
A study by UC Merced sociology Professor Daisy Verduzco Reyes found that providing for parents is a defining goal for many first-generation Mexican American college graduates. The 'Latinx mobility bargain' or 'immigrant bargain' emphasizes the importance of fulfilling financial and emotional labor roles in families of origin.
PeroCycle has appointed Grant Budge as its new CEO and opened a £4M seed round to fund pilot deployment and accelerate commercial growth. The technology converts CO2 into carbon monoxide using a perovskite-based catalyst, offering a closed-carbon-loop approach to deep decarbonisation within the steelmaking process.
Australian skinks have developed tiny changes in a muscle receptor that blocks nerve-muscle communication, preventing paralysis and death. This finding could inform the development of novel antivenoms and therapeutic agents to counter neurotoxic venoms.
Researchers found that brain cells switch on and off in a steady rhythm, influencing stress hormone release and alertness. This discovery may lead to better understanding of disrupted stress rhythms and mental health.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a new tool called BACDAC to identify signs of genomic instability in cancer. The tool uses DNA sequencing to detect structural alterations in tumors, which can fuel aggressive growth and evade standard testing.
Researchers at Penn State found that shallowly injected wastewater into groundwater does not completely clear potentially harmful contaminants like nitrogen and phosphate. The team suggests modifying the effluent's chemical makeup to increase salinity and density to improve filtration time.
Researchers at University of Alabama at Birmingham identify Gfi1 as a crucial regulator of exhausted CD8+ T cell subsets. Fine-tuning Gfi1 activity may prevent or reverse T cell exhaustion, bolstering immune checkpoint blockade therapy. The study suggests potential for improving cancer treatment and controlling chronic infections.
Researchers at Nara Institute of Science and Technology reveal the essential role of LptM in maturing and stabilizing the LptDE complex, a key component of Gram-negative bacteria's outer membrane. This finding provides fundamental insights that may support antibiotic design and advances understanding of bacterial virulence.
The SETI Institute has awarded a new education grant to Girl Guides South Africa, providing professional development for staff and volunteers in space science. The project aims to empower girls and women through STEM education and career awareness.
A new study found that most air cleaning technologies have not been tested on humans and their potential risks are not yet fully understood. Researchers recommend choosing technologies independently tested in real-world environments to reduce illness in homes, schools, or workplaces.
Researchers at Brown University have identified a brain-based biomarker that can predict mild cognitive impairment development into Alzheimer's disease. They used a custom-built tool to analyze electrical activity from neurons and found distinct differences in beta events between patients who developed the disease and those who did not.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital used cryo-electron microscopy to study the full range of motion of sweet taste receptors, discovering a previously unknown mechanism of activation that complements unbound and bound structures of the receptor.
Researchers have discovered that dialing down sugar metabolism can break down neural integrity, but manipulating this process can also activate protective programs in neurons. Two proteins, DLK and SARM1, are involved in extending axon health, with their activity influenced by the cell's internal conditions.
A new poll by Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine finds that 52% of respondents believe fast food should not be sold in hospitals to patients, visitors, and staff. The organization's report also reveals that Chick-fil-A is located in at least 20 U.S. hospitals or medical centers.
A Japanese study demonstrates that dual-axis sun-tracking agrivoltaic systems can produce competitive solar power while maintaining high-quality rice yields. The system achieved 75-85% rice yield improvements compared to traditional paddies, and generated nearly 44,000 kWh of electricity annually.
A study from University of Louisville researchers found that perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) can worsen liver damage when combined with alcohol consumption. The study showed that PFOS exposure can increase fat accumulation and markers of liver damage, disrupt the liver's ability to manage fats, and activate pathways that promote liver...
A new Antarctic research project is using citizen science to study environmental changes over the last 70 years by matching modern satellite images with historical air photos. The project aims to create a high-quality dataset for future scientific investigations of Antarctic landscape change.
A new study found that mothers living in resource-poor neighborhoods in Arizona were 20% more likely to develop gestational diabetes mellitus compared to those in less deprived areas. The study also highlighted the high incidence of GDM among Native Americans, who had a rate nearly double the overall population.
Researchers have identified diatoms as the dominant microorganisms in a previously mysterious area of the Southern Ocean. The study's findings suggest that diatoms are responsible for the high levels of reflectance observed in satellite images, providing new insights into carbon cycling and ocean biology.
A recent study found that urban forests and small green spaces have significant benefits for mental health conditions like depression and anxiety. Young adults experience greater benefits than the general population, and spending non-active time in greenspaces can be more effective than active time in nature.
A global study of over 5,000 participants from 11 countries reveals that the timing of past encounters significantly shapes perceptions of relationship risk. Those with less frequent past partners are more open to commitment.
A study published in JAMA Neurology found that oseltamivir treatment during flu episodes was associated with a reduced risk of serious neuropsychiatric events. The researchers debunked the long-standing theory that flu treatment causes these events, and instead found that the infection itself is more likely to be the culprit.
Researchers have developed a novel technology that can simultaneously silence two notoriously difficult-to-target cancer-related genes, KRAS and MYC. This innovation has the potential to treat cancers that have been challenging to treat, with significant implications for patients.
A phase 3 study found canagliflozin significantly reduced HbA1c levels in children with type 2 diabetes, outperforming placebo. The medication also showed a favorable safety profile, with minimal risk of hypoglycemic events.
A study by 16 researchers, including those from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, found that genetic differences alone cannot explain how 19 species of hamlet fish diverged. Instead, they identified a single gene involved in color patterns and mate choice, but it did not allow them to reconstruct a family tree for the group.
Research suggests that great-tailed grackles, a species expanding its range across the US, possess high levels of behavioral flexibility. This trait enables them to adjust their foraging behaviors and exploit human-provided resources. However, sociability and habitat use were not strongly correlated with flexibility.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina develop a new approach to preventing lupus nephritis by improving kidney cell function. Exposure to serum from patients with lupus nephritis causes inflammation, but simultaneous exposure to L-sepiapterin reduces inflammation and enhances nitric oxide production.
Researchers found that automatically mailing a stool-based screening test resulted in the highest screening rates among adults aged 45-49. The study, which included over 20,000 patients, showed that this approach can encourage timely screening and potentially save lives.
Research by the University of Michigan reveals that biodiversity is crucial in forests, particularly in wet climates, where it promotes tree growth. In contrast, its impact is negligible in wet years within those same wet climates.
The Seattle One Health Clinic offers free veterinary care alongside medical services, increasing access to preventative medical care for both people and their pets. The integrated approach has been shown to build trust and provide holistic care, with nearly 80% of visits resulting in clients receiving human health care.
Dr. Wei Li's four-year NIH R01 grant investigates the role of sodium/potassium ATPase in regulating platelet activation and thrombosis risk. The study aims to identify new therapeutic targets to reduce blood clot formation and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers found that a single amino acid substitution in the ADSL enzyme affects its stability and expression, contributing to modern human differences in behavior. The study suggests that this change may have provided an evolutionary advantage in certain tasks.
Researchers developed a simple algorithm to analyze scanning electron microscopy images and predict lithium metal battery performance. The method measures lithium uniformity, finding that increasing ID values indicate degradation and earlier cell failure.
A new study uncovers coordinated efforts of paper mills, brokers, and infiltrated journals to fabricate research, pay for authorships, and citations. Millions of dollars are involved in these processes, with the problem so widespread that it's outpacing legitimate scientific publications.
A recent study analyzing three decades of butterfly counting data in the Midwest found that 59 out of 136 species have declined in population over the past 32 years. The analysis combined over 4.3 million observations and reported a significant reduction in abundance for both common and rare butterflies.
Researchers at UCLA have successfully created a continuous supply of functional T cells using genetically engineered stem cells. This breakthrough could lead to longer-lasting protection against cancer and potentially treat other diseases such as HIV or autoimmune disorders.
A new therapy, regulation of cues combined with behavioral weight loss (ROC+BWL), was found to be more effective than standard cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing binge eating among veterans. The benefits were sustained even six months after treatment ended.
Research reveals that during historic periods of drying, woody plant growth improved organic matter quality and suppressed microbial activity, safeguarding carbon stores. This plant-microbe cooperation helped protect peatland ecosystems under warmer drier conditions.
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered a novel analgesic called ADRIANA, which targets the α2B-adrenoceptor and exerts its effect without causing cardiovascular instability. The compound has shown highly promising results in non-clinical studies and early clinical trials.
A new analysis of 18 species of carnivorous dinosaurs reveals that not all giant predators had strong bites, but instead specialized in different feeding styles. This study demonstrates the diversity of feeding strategies among giant carnivores, challenging the assumption that one 'best' skull design existed for being a predatory giant.
Researchers have identified a strong link between preterm birth and increased risks of chronic health issues later in life, including high blood pressure, depression, and anxiety. The study's findings highlight the importance of including birth history in adult medical records to optimize health outcomes.
Researchers have developed novel methods to advance precise chromosomal manipulation by addressing challenges in the Cre-Lox system. Their innovations include asymmetric Lox site design and a protein-directed evolution system, enabling targeted integration of large DNA fragments up to 18.8 kb.
The Europlanet Science Congress 2025 will bring together 1900 oral and poster presentations on various topics in planetary science, including Solar System exploration and the search for life beyond our planet. Media representatives are invited to attend EPSC-DPS2025, a fully hybrid conference with live virtual participation options.
Researchers from Michigan Medicine found that glutamine is essential for photoreceptor survival, and its imbalance can lead to rapid vision loss. Maintaining glutamine levels may help prevent vision loss and blindness by supporting amino acid biosynthesis and suppressing the integrated stress response.
In a randomized clinical trial, oral semaglutide significantly reduced body weight in East Asian adults with overweight or obesity, regardless of type 2 diabetes presence. The study's safety profile is consistent with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.
A research team at DGIST has developed an 'ultrasound-based wireless charging technology' that can fully charge a commercial battery within two hours, even inside the human body. The technology achieves world-class energy efficiency by combining output from two piezoelectric layers.
Researchers at Peking University have successfully fabricated large-area crystalline InSe wafers for integrated electronics, demonstrating exceptional electronic performance and ultra-high electron mobility. The devices exhibit outstanding behavior at sub-10 nm gate lengths, surpassing silicon projections in key future benchmarks.
A team of researchers developed a new quantum framework for analysing higher-order network data using topological signal processing. The Quantum Topological Signal Processing (QTSP) framework achieves linear scaling in signal dimension, opening the door to efficient quantum algorithms for problems previously considered out of reach.
Three new truffle species have been discovered by researchers, including Leucangium cascadiense, which is native to the Cascadia region and can command high prices in culinary circles. The discovery was made using sniffer dogs and DNA sequencing, revealing a previously unknown relationship between truffles and their host trees.
Researchers found that non-hallucinogenic versions of psychedelic drugs, like tabernanthalog (TBG), promote neuroplasticity through the same biochemical pathway as psychedelics. TBG activates the serotonin 2A receptor, inducing downstream activation of TrkB, mTOR, and AMPA. This is sufficient for promoting neuroplasticity and growth of...
A recent University of Minnesota study found that large surface waves produced by powerboats can have a significant impact on delicate lakebed ecosystems. Researchers recommend operating boats in deep water to minimize these impacts and avoid shallow spots, giving space between boats and shorelines.
A team from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem has developed a low-cost, non-invasive method to estimate total leaf area in dwarf tomato plants. The study applies structure-from-motion techniques and machine learning to predict plant growth with remarkable accuracy, making precision agriculture more accessible.
A new framework leverages automated 3D object segmentation and mesh reconstruction to simulate dynamic and realistic construction sites. The approach captures real-world scenes, extracts key objects, and reconstructs them into editable 3D meshes, enabling applications such as virtual safety walkthroughs and AI-driven layout planning.
A study analyzing over 7.9 million US Congressional speeches from 1873 to 2010 found that speakers of all ages contribute to linguistic changes, with older speakers adopting new words and meanings over time. The researchers used AI models to track word usage patterns and found shifts in meaning across decades.
Scientists have uncovered the remains of a vast animal community that lived in the European Arctic 75,000 years ago. The bones represent the oldest example of an animal community in the region during this warmer period of the ice age, providing valuable insights into how wildlife responded to dramatic climate shifts.
Researchers develop porous dual-phase high-entropy UHTC with ultrahigh porosity, low density, and excellent oxidation resistance. The material has broad application prospects in ultrahigh-temperature thermal insulation.
A digital tool called MedSafer has been developed to help clinicians identify and deprescribe unnecessary medications for seniors. The software helped reduce the use of such medications in 36% of long-term care residents, nearly triple as many as without the tool.
A new review highlights the critical need for standardized long-term medical care for gun violence survivors, who suffer physical, neurological, psychological, and social consequences. The review provides guidance for primary care physicians, psychiatrists, and rehabilitation specialists to manage survivors' long-term care.
Researchers explore emerging role of extracellular RNAs in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. These natural nanocarriers can reflect tumor behavior in real time and deliver targeted therapies.
Researchers developed a novel framework using generative AI and musculoskeletal simulation to create synthetic gait data. This approach enables more robust and generalizable gait analysis across various patient populations and clinical environments.
Researchers at Mainz University have observed the transition of a two-dimensional ordered lattice structure into a disordered state in real time using skyrmions. The two-step melting process involves the loss of translational and orientation order, leading to complete dissolution of the lattice.
Researchers at University of Bath have developed a system that can transport therapeutic proteins across the gut wall and into the bloodstream, enabling medication delivery via pill. The new technology has shown consistent delivery rates, with potential to transform lives of patients who currently inject themselves daily.
Researchers at Penn Nursing are driving evidence-based changes to enhance lactation care and improve outcomes for families. Critical strategies include empowering frontline healthcare providers, fostering supportive work environments, and standardizing language to promote breastfeeding journeys.
Researchers developed an innovative AI approach called GraSSCoL to predict complex astrochemical reactions. The model achieved outstanding Top-k accuracy scores, outperforming earlier state-of-the-art models by a significant margin.
Researchers at ORNL have developed an automated large-area AFM platform to capture detailed observations of individual bacterial cells and broader views of larger biological architectures. The system revealed honeycomb-like patterns in bacteria, potentially strengthening biofilm cohesion.
A study by the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus found that older adults participate more in social activities after moving into long-term care facilities. However, gaps in access to these opportunities persist, affecting men, nursing home residents from minority groups, and those with lower participation rates before admi...
The study found that armed conflict caused direct environmental damage, including artillery fire and pollution, while also disrupting conservation measures like soil and water conservation. Millions of seedlings and SWC structures were lost during the conflict, reversing years of progress in environmental restoration.
The Ateneo de Manila University's Business Insights Laboratory explores how AI can turn handwritten sales logs into manageable digital data. The system uses OCR and LLM technology to recognize products, match prices, and tabulate sales summaries, helping businesses quickly identify bestsellers or slow-moving stock.
Researchers developed a robust framework using deep learning and contextual data to accurately predict mountaineering accident risks in advance. The model achieved over 60% accuracy for two types of accidents, identifying critical predictors such as time of day, terrain, weather conditions, and climber demographics.
Local-stage colorectal cancer incidence among US adults ages 45-49 increased by 50% between 2021 and 2022, with a steep rise in 2019-2022. Screening rates also increased during this period, driven by recommendations to start screening at age 45.
A national study finds that the percentage of patients who wait four or more hours for a hospital bed has increased significantly, with even lower rates during non-peak months. The issue, known as 'boarding,' has become a major concern, putting patient safety at risk and straining emergency departments.
The system tracks and analyzes crop development using data from sensors, biosensors, the Internet of Things, and AI. Strong security protocols ensure farmer data remains private and resilient against future quantum computer attacks. The research team plans to improve their system with faster sensor processing and a solar-powered battery.
New research from the University of Georgia finds that unpredictable environments during childhood can lead to poor behavior and mental instability in children as they grow up. Homes with consistent co-parenting and routines are associated with better youth outcomes, highlighting the importance of predictability for healthy development.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have discovered a way to manipulate charge flow in ultrathin metallic films using light. This breakthrough could lead to energy-efficient optical sensors, detectors, and quantum information devices.
Researchers discovered that mitochondrial dysfunction triggers a sophisticated metabolic response in brown fat cells, rewiring key enzymes to produce D-2HG. This metabolite modifies the cell nucleus, changing gene expression and nuclear structure, promoting adaptation and altering cellular identity.
A recent study by ifo Institute and LMU Munich found that Ukrainian refugees prefer countries with better job opportunities to those with higher social benefits. The survey of over 3,300 refugees showed that wage differences play a significant role in their choice of destination country.
A nationwide observational study found significant regional differences in antibiotic use among newborns in Sweden, with the goal of treating no more than one percent of infants while maintaining low sepsis prevalence. The study highlights the need for increased awareness and improved practices to reduce overuse of antibiotics.
Scientists have identified a previously unknown virus in Pacific oysters linked to annual mass die-offs, highlighting the importance of disease prevention measures. The discovery also underscores the need for further research into the causes of mortality in oyster populations.
A study of Olenoides serratus trilobite limbs reveals a simpler, functional design than horseshoe crabs, with specialized appendages for walking, burrowing, and mating. The research provides new insights into the behavior and movement of ancient arthropods, offering a rare window into life over half a billion years ago.
ICERM will continue to support groundbreaking research at the intersection of computation and mathematics, with a focus on AI and machine learning. The institute has brought together renowned mathematicians and students from across the world to share new ideas and collaborate on research projects.
New research from UT Arlington reveals that nature-focused livestreams help people reconnect with nature and form new online communities. The study shows that these streams offer more than passive entertainment, sparking natural conversations and promoting environmental attitudes.
The JAK2-STAT3 pathway contributes to inflammation and injury after ischemic stroke. Targeting this pathway shows promise for reducing brain swelling, neuronal death, and improving recovery. Several inhibitors have been found effective in preclinical models, including Tyrphostin AG490, Ruxolitinib, and natural compounds like genistein.
A study reveals that children aged 5-10 develop emotional understanding through cognitive shifts from perceptual cues to conceptual knowledge, with implications for education and interventions.
A new drug pairing of Theobromine and Arainosine has been developed to target the influenza virus's ion channel, effectively blocking its replication and spread. This breakthrough combo outperforms Tamiflu in fighting a range of flu strains, including drug-resistant versions.
A cohort study found that oseltamivir treatment during influenza episodes is associated with a reduced risk of serious neuropsychiatric events. This suggests that oseltamivir can be used to prevent these complications in children and adolescents.
Researchers found that injecting botox directly into the TMJ alleviated TMD-related pain, hypersensitivity, and neural activity, while preserving movement abilities. The study suggests avoiding muscle tissue to overcome botox side effects and offers new hope for treating jaw disorders.
A team of scientists at DGIST has created a new catalyst that boosts the performance and longevity of hydrogen fuel cells. By combining platinum with calcium, they achieved levels surpassing 2025 targets, paving the way for widespread adoption in hydrogen vehicles and power generation.
Nearly 17 million teens and young adults are eligible for GLP-1RA therapy, but one in five is uninsured and nearly a third lack healthcare access, hindering treatment of cardio-kidney-metabolic diseases.
Researchers developed a customized parametric insurance system using Probabilistic Tsunami Risk Assessment (PTRA) to quantify tsunami losses and payouts. The proposed framework reduces overpayment by 60.9% while maintaining risk reduction, potentially saving lives and money.
Researchers discover Vibrio pectenicida as the causative agent behind sea star wasting disease, a devastating epidemic that has killed billions of sunflower sea stars. The discovery is crucial for recovering these species and their kelp forest ecosystems, which provide habitat for thousands of marine creatures and contribute millions t...
A study by Washington State University researchers analyzed over 100 picture books for children ages 3-8 and found gaps in teaching concepts of consent. While many books conveyed important messages like bodily autonomy and boundary-setting, they fell short on specific anatomical terms, trusted adults, and empowering language.
A new study highlights an opportunity for China to take the lead in fluorocarbon lifecycle management, which could prevent up to 8 billion tonnes of CO2-equivalent emissions by 2060. By implementing strategies like recovery, recycling, and reclamation, China can reduce more than half of residual refrigerant emissions.
Researchers mapped the range of movement in Olenoides serratus trilobite limbs, shedding light on their behavior and function. The study revealed a simpler, functional limb design with limited extension range, allowing them to walk, burrow, and forage.
Researchers propose a Coulomb attraction-driven spontaneous molecule-hotspot pairing mechanism to achieve synergistic enhancement of electromagnetic and chemical mechanisms in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. This synergy enables efficient detection of single molecules with improved universality, uniformity, robustness, and stability.
A clinical trial found that participants who followed a minimally processed diet lost twice as much weight compared to those on an ultra-processed diet. The study suggests that cutting down on processing can help sustain a healthy weight long term.
Lehigh University Professor Christopher J. Kiely has been awarded the 2025 Presidential Science Award from the Microanalysis Society for his outstanding contributions to microanalysis research. He is recognized internationally for his decades-long leadership in microscopy education through the Lehigh Microscopy School.
Research suggests that sleeping on a difficult task can improve performance by strengthening and consolidating memories in the brain. A new study found that rhythmic brain activity during sleep in areas active during training correlates with improved task performance after waking.
A new species of ancient marine reptile, Plesionectes longicollum, has been identified from Germany's Posidonia Shale fossil beds. The specimen represents a previously unknown type of plesiosauroid and provides significant insights into the evolution of prehistoric ocean ecosystems.
A recent study found that children adopted internationally by non-US citizens living in the US have the highest uninsured rate at 30.7%. This group also had lower rates of private and public health insurance compared to other adoptee groups, highlighting the need for tailored policies to address these disparities.
The latest American Psychiatric Association journal issues feature groundbreaking research on psychiatric genetics, exploring the role of genetics in mental health. Additionally, studies examine the effectiveness of telehealth prescribing for controlled substances and mental health advocacy efforts to drive policy change.
A large-scale analysis found that biomarkers for chronic inflammation influence the therapeutic success of depressive symptoms in people with diabetes. Type 2 diabetes patients with higher inflammatory markers respond better to behavioral therapy, while those with type 1 diabetes may benefit more from anti-inflammatory treatments.
The study introduces a novel integration of graph-theoretic structural chemistry, algebraic topology, and deep generative models to enable the rational design of catalysts. The researchers achieved highly accurate predictions of OH adsorption energy using a variational autoencoder coupled with a gradient boosting regressor.