Diagnostic Accuracy
Articles tagged with Diagnostic Accuracy
Why diagnosing endometriosis often takes many years
Two new studies from Aarhus University reveal that endometriosis is often difficult to recognize in its early stages, requiring a systematic approach even when symptoms are diffuse. The studies highlight the need for improved knowledge, collaboration with specialists, and referral pathways to reduce diagnostic delays.
A CNIO group contributes to identifying which breast lesions will progress to cancer, thus helping avoid overtreatment
A study by the CNIO group has identified a genetic signature in precancerous breast lesions that can predict which ones will evolve into invasive tumours. This discovery could help avoid over-treatment of women diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ, a common precancerous lesion.
AI remains lacking in clinical reasoning abilities, according to study of 21 large language models
A study of 21 large language models found that they excel at accurate final diagnoses but falter at differential diagnoses, highlighting the need for human oversight in healthcare. The researchers developed a novel measure, PrIME-LLM, to evaluate AI's clinical competency across different stages of reasoning.
Study finds sex- and race-based disparities in IBS diagnosis rates among US adults
A national survey found significant disparities in IBS diagnosis across sex and racial groups in the US. Men and Black patients are less likely to receive a formal diagnosis compared to women and white patients, despite similar reported healthcare-seeking behavior and symptom severity.
Blood test using artificial intelligence paves the way for early diagnosis of leprosy
Researchers developed a new blood test combined with AI that can identify early cases of leprosy before severe symptoms appear. The test analyzes antibodies to the Mce1A antigen and shows promise for strengthening diagnostic screening in public health systems.
Unexpected findings on lung cancer CT scans may point to other non-lung cancers, study finds
A study led by Brown University researchers analyzed lung screening data to identify abnormalities outside the lungs that warrant follow-up care. Cancer-related findings appeared in about 3% of screening rounds and were linked to a higher risk of extrapulmonary cancers, particularly urinary system cancers.
Timely scan could save lives of A&E patients with blood in urine
A new study found that A&E patients with visible blood in their urine who receive a scan within 48 hours are 2.5% less likely to die within three months. The study also showed that patients with cancer are diagnosed significantly faster when they receive prompt investigation.
Researchers develop AI tool to predict patients at risk of intimate partner violence
Researchers developed an AI tool to predict patients at risk of intimate partner violence, using data from medical visits. The tool achieved high accuracy in detecting IPV among patients, with the multimodal fusion model outperforming others, detecting risk 88% of the time.
Scan that makes prostate cancer cells glow could cut need for biopsies
A new imaging test, PSMA PET/CT scan, has been shown to safely reduce the number of biopsies needed for suspected prostate cancer, with no harm to patients. The PRIMARY2 trial found that the scan could identify low-risk patients who did not need a biopsy, while targeting suspicious areas for those who did.
Optical genome mapping detects additional genetic variants in nearly 20% of individuals with acute leukemia
A new clinical diagnostic test using optical genome mapping (OGM) has been shown to detect additional genetic variants in nearly 20% of individuals with acute leukemia. OGM offers a comprehensive view of the genome, refining diagnosis and risk stratification, and improving therapy selection. The test's high diagnostic yield and ability...
Research presented at international urology conference in London shows how far prostate cancer screening has come
Research presented at EAU26 confirms that prostate cancer screening leads to a reduction in mortality, but also detects cancers that would otherwise remain undetected. The study's findings suggest that using MRI in prostate cancer screening can reduce overdiagnosis and unnecessary biopsies.
Understanding how extracellular vesicles from cancer cells end up in urine
Cancer cell-derived small extracellular vesicles can be excreted into urine, according to researchers who tracked their journey in mouse models. The study reveals that glomerular cells actively transport sEVs across the filtration barrier, supporting their use in emerging urine-based cancer diagnostics.
Overdiagnosis of papillary thyroid cancer
This study found that US thyroid cancer overdiagnosis persists even after accounting for possible true incidence rises, highlighting opportunities to reduce unnecessary referrals and diagnoses
New study predicts real-world impact of using smartwatches to detect undiagnosed high blood pressure
A new analysis found that wearing an Apple Watch with hypertension notifications can increase the probability of having hypertension in younger adults, while decreasing it in older adults. The study also revealed racial and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular health, highlighting the need for targeted screening and treatment.
New guide aims to tame the chaos of UTI care
The Ann Arbor Guide provides two algorithms for triaging adults with suspected UTIs, one for non-pregnant women and the other for men. It also emphasizes the importance of accurate testing and treatment to prevent overuse of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance.
A study by CNIO identifies new genes that predispose an individual to pancreatic cancer
A new study by CNIO has identified two genes in the complement system that increase the risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. These genes, FCN1 and PLAT, may serve as biomarkers for screening high-risk populations.
AI model helps diagnose often undetected heart disease from simple EKG
Researchers developed an AI model that can detect coronary microvascular dysfunction using a common electrocardiogram, outperforming previous models in diagnostic tasks. The model can accurately identify a condition often missed in emergency department visits, providing a cost-effective and non-invasive way to diagnose serious heart co...
New 15-minute hepatitis C test paves the way for same-day treatment
Scientists at Northwestern University have developed the fastest test yet for diagnosing hepatitis C virus, delivering results in just 15 minutes – up to 75% faster than current rapid tests. The highly accurate diagnostic could revolutionize HCV care by improving diagnosis and accelerating treatment uptake.
FAU engineers decode dementia type using AI and EEG brainwave analysis
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University have developed a deep learning model that detects and evaluates Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) using EEG brainwave analysis. The model achieved over 90% accuracy in distinguishing individuals with dementia from cognitively normal participants.
A molecular ‘reset button’ for reading the brain through a blood test
Researchers at Rice University have developed a way to make serum markers more sensitive by editing them inside the bloodstream, enabling clearer observation of gene-expression changes in the brain. This approach could lead to more precise diagnostic capabilities using simple blood tests.
AI-assisted interviews increase accuracy in diagnosing mental illness
A new study shows that AI-assisted interviews can diagnose mental illnesses with higher accuracy than traditional rating scales. The AI assistant Alba was able to differentiate between diagnoses that often overlap and received positive feedback from participants for its empathic and supportive user experience.
AMP 2025 press materials available
Researchers are presenting groundbreaking findings at the Association for Molecular Pathology's annual meeting, including a novel technique to study ancient DNA and rapid detection of serious fungal pathogens. The Association for Molecular Pathology is providing press materials and resources for media coverage.
Six strategies to reinvigorate the doctor-patient bedside encounter
A new report from Northwestern University offers six practical strategies to improve the doctor-patient bedside encounter in an era dominated by AI. By employing these strategies, clinicians can strengthen patient-physician relationships, combat inequities, and reduce burnout, ultimately leading to better patient outcomes.
FAU Engineering study takes a ‘quantum leap’ to detect kidney disease
A recent FAU Engineering study leverages quantum computing to enhance the accuracy of chronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnosis. The research team developed and compared two automated systems: Classical Support Vector Machine (CSVM) and Quantum Support Vector Machine (QSVM). CSVM achieved remarkable 98.75% accuracy, while QSVM reached 87....
AI tool beats humans at detecting parasites in stool samples, Utah study finds
Researchers developed an AI tool that detects intestinal parasites in stool samples with greater sensitivity than human observers, even those with years of experience. The system uses a deep-learning model to identify parasites in wet mounts of stool, improving the likelihood of detecting pathogenic parasites.
Association for Molecular Pathology develops standardized biomarker report template for providers
The Association for Molecular Pathology has created a standardized biomarker report template to simplify complex molecular profiling data presentation to oncologists and healthcare providers. The template includes guidelines for clear formatting, therapeutic guidance, and references to clinical practice guidelines.
Achalasia diagnosis simplified to AI plus X-ray
Researchers developed an AI model that diagnoses achalasia using plain chest X-rays, outperforming physicians' reviews. The diagnostic performance of the AI model demonstrated higher sensitivity and specificity, enabling early diagnosis and potentially improving treatment efficacy.
FAU/Baptist Health AI spine model could transform lower back pain treatment
Researchers developed a fully automated finite element analysis pipeline to transform spine diagnostics and personalized treatment planning. The new approach enables rapid, patient-specific simulations that support preoperative planning, spinal implant optimization, and early detection of degenerative spine conditions.
A practical tool to support harmonization and quality improvement in vitamin D testing
A new study published in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine has developed a practical tool to support harmonization and quality improvement in vitamin D testing. The multicentre study evaluates the measurement uncertainty of various 25-(OH)D assays and their ability to detect physiologically relevant changes over time.
Scientists train deep-learning models to scrutinize biopsies like a human pathologist
A team of researchers developed a method to annotate biopsy image data with eye-tracking devices, reducing the burden on pathologists. The resulting AI model achieved an accuracy of 96.3% and surpassed human pathologists' performance in diagnosing skin lesions.
New CT-based indicator helps doctors predict life-threatening postpartum bleeding cases
Researchers identified a distinctive CT imaging pattern called PRACE that predicts severe postpartum hemorrhage cases requiring emergency procedures. The finding was strongly associated with the need for uterine artery embolization and improved maternal outcomes.
Updated lab guide equips researchers with modern tools to identify plant pathogens
The updated fourth edition of the Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria provides simplified identification methods and detailed protocols. The comprehensive volume covers conventional and cutting-edge methods, including molecular, serological, biochemical assays, to accurately identify bacterial plant pathogens.
Fast, accurate, low-cost diagnostics: No lab required
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a rapid and accurate diagnostic test called NasRED that can detect diseases like COVID-19 with high sensitivity. The test uses tiny gold nanoparticles to identify disease-related proteins in a sample of bodily fluid, providing lab-quality accuracy without expensive equipment.
CNIO researcher develops a test aimed to detect early-stage tumors with a blood sample
Researchers developed a test to detect early-stage solid tumors using a blood sample, identifying patterns in amino acid concentrations that can translate into diagnostic signals. The test achieved an 87% positive rate and showed potential for precision medicine in choosing treatments.
Detecting cancer cells in blood: the development of microchannel devices with microcone arrays
Researchers at Chiba University have developed novel microfluidic devices that incorporate microcones to detect and characterize circulating tumor cells in blood. The devices demonstrated highly selective capture of human breast and lung cancer cells, with high efficiency even at high flow rates.
Breaking research at ADLM 2025: AI poised to revolutionize Lyme disease testing, treatment
A new blood test leverages AI to identify Lyme disease sooner and more accurately than current standard tests, with sensitivity and specificity over 90%. Additionally, an AI tool, Medicine-GPT, demonstrates promise in helping adolescents gather useful medical information, outperforming ChatGPT-4 on completeness and helpfulness.
Reliance on administrative billing codes to track medical conditions can lead to high diagnostic error rates
Researchers found that billing codes may mistakenly identify diseases in up to 45% of cases, highlighting a significant limitation in using administrative data for clinical research. The study examined records of 1.36 million patients and found discrepancies between coded diagnoses and actual disease presence.
Innovative liquid biopsy test uses RNA to detect early-stage cancer
Researchers at UChicago have developed a more sensitive liquid biopsy test that uses RNA to detect the earliest stages of colorectal cancer with 95% accuracy. The test analyzes RNA modification levels in blood samples, which remain stable regardless of sample preparation.
Simple schizophrenia diagnosis using an acidic glycan in the blood
A Nagoya University group created a sandwich ELISA technique to accurately measure polysialic acid levels in the blood of patients with psychiatric disorders. The technique uses antibodies that minimize non-specific binding, resulting in increased accuracy.
CHEST expands Bridging Specialties Initiative to include NTM disease and bronchiectasis on World Bronchiectasis Day
The American College of Chest Physicians launches a new initiative to aid in reducing time to diagnosis for complex lung conditions like NTM disease and bronchiectasis. The Bridging Specialties program aims to provide clinicians with essential tools for earlier detection, accurate diagnosis, and effective management.
3D-printed magnetoelastic smart pen may help diagnose Parkinson’s
A new diagnostic tool uses AI to analyze handwriting signals, detecting subtle motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease. The device has shown an average accuracy of 96.22% in distinguishing patients from healthy individuals.
Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy: an optimal strategy for localizing multiple pulmonary nodules
A study of 203 patients shows that electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENBDM) is a safer and faster alternative to CT-guided localization for preoperative treatment of multiple pulmonary nodules in the same lung. ENBDM achieved comparable accuracy with lower complication rates, making it an optimal strategy.
Rapid testing for sexually transmitted infections on the horizon
A new rapid test for sexually transmitted infections is being developed with £1m funding, aiming to diagnose infections in under 5 minutes. The test, developed by Linear Diagnostics, uses an exponential amplification technology that detects bacterial DNA quickly and accurately.
NYU Abu Dhabi researchers develop paper-based diagnostic tool for rapid, affordable infectious disease detection
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi have developed a breakthrough paper-based diagnostic device that can detect COVID-19 and other infectious diseases in under 10 minutes. The Radially Compartmentalized Paper Chip (RCP-Chip) is a fast, affordable, and portable solution for on-site screening of infectious diseases.
Diagnostics.AI launches industry’s first CE-IVDR certified transparent AI platform for molecular diagnostics as regulatory deadlines take fffect
Diagnostics.AI has launched the industry's first fully-transparent machine learning platform for clinical real-time PCR diagnostics, delivering algorithmic transparency and per-test auditability. The platform is CE-IVDR certified and backed by over 15 years of experience and millions of successfully processed samples.
Traditional diagnostic decision support systems outperform generative AI for diagnosing disease
A new study compares traditional diagnostic decision support systems (DDSSs) to generative AI and finds that DDSSs perform somewhat better. The researchers envision pairing these two approaches to improve diagnostic capabilities and patient outcomes.
An app to detect heart attacks and strokes -- and save lives
A new smartphone app, ECHAS, can help people determine if they are suffering from a heart attack or stroke and need medical attention. The app, developed by experts at UVA Health and other leading institutions, proved effective in identifying patients with cardiac and neurological emergencies.
MRI can replace painful spinal tap to diagnose MS more quickly, according to a new study
A new study published in Neurology Open Access found that an MRI scan can accurately diagnose multiple sclerosis (MS) in just 8 minutes, eliminating the need for a painful spinal tap. The study's findings support the use of a T2*-weighted MRI and a 'rule of six' to confirm a diagnosis without lumbar puncture.
Krebs von den Lungen-6 as a biomarker for distinguishing between interstitial lung disease and interstitial lung abnormalities based on computed tomography findings
Serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) levels are significantly elevated in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), suggesting its potential as a diagnostic biomarker. The study also highlights the relationship between KL-6 levels and pulmonary function, specifically forced vital capacity.
Blood test for many cancers could potentially thwart progression to late stage in up to half of cases
A single blood test could identify early-stage cancer in up to half of cases, potentially preventing late-stage disease and improving patient outcomes. Regular MCED testing showed more favourable diagnostic rates than usual care alone, with annual screenings having a higher impact on stage shift.
New algorithms can help GPs predict which of their patients have undiagnosed cancer
Two new predictive algorithms use health data and blood tests to identify high-risk patients, offering improved accuracy in diagnosing cancers. The models identified additional medical conditions associated with increased cancer risk and new symptoms indicative of multiple cancer types.
Day-long conference addresses difficult to diagnose lung disease
A day-long conference brought together experts to present ground-breaking outcomes research on CTEPH treatments. The session covered new medications, refined techniques, and innovative approaches to improve diagnosis and treatment outcomes.
Breakthrough approach for diagnosing TB could significantly improve detection
A new strategy for tuberculosis (TB) screening could significantly improve detection, allowing for simultaneous screening of both active and dormant infections. This approach has the potential to save lives, curb infection rates, and rewrite the story of TB's continued spread.
Generative AI’s diagnostic capabilities comparable to non-specialist doctors
A recent meta-analysis found that generative AI's diagnostic accuracy is lower than that of specialist doctors, with an average accuracy of 52.1%. The study suggests that while generative AI has the potential to support non-specialist doctors in diagnostics, further research is needed to improve its capabilities.
Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic
A recent study reveals critical vulnerabilities in global testing capacity during the COVID-19 pandemic, with socioeconomic disparities playing a significant role. The findings underscore the need for increased diagnostic capacity, equitable access to healthcare, and sustained international cooperation.
Diagnostic uncertainty in Parkinson's disease: New study calls for improved diagnostic processes
A new study by the University of Turku found that up to one in six Parkinson's disease diagnoses are later corrected, with most changes occurring within two years. The study highlights the challenges of distinguishing Parkinson's disease from other similar disorders and emphasizes the need for improved diagnostic processes and training.
New paper-based device boosts HIV test accuracy from dried blood samples
Researchers at Tufts University have developed a paper-based device that accurately measures HIV viral loads from dried blood samples, outperforming industry standards. The device, called the plasma spot card, was tested on 75 South African patients and showed improved accuracy in detecting drug-resistant mutations.
Landmark study of Chagas disease in Paraguay supports use of rapid tests to improve access to diagnosis
A landmark study led by ISGlobal found that combining rapid diagnostic tests with conventional serology improves access to diagnosis for Chagas disease. The prevalence of Chagas is six times higher in an indigenous community in Paraguay compared to the capital.
Persistence barcodes: Reducing bias in radiological analysis
Researchers introduce persistence barcodes, a tool that reduces diagnostic bias and uncovers subtle details in medical images. The method preserves key structural details, enabling clearer insights into the data.