Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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Researchers aim to develop treatments that can prevent or treat Alzheimer's disease with two large-scale studies on pre-dementia conditions MCR and brain stimulation techniques.
The CODA Trial found that antibiotics were not worse than surgery in measuring overall health status, allowing most people to avoid operations in the short term. Patients treated with antibiotics more often returned to the emergency department but missed less time from work and school.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have developed a blood-clotting agent that can improve survival rates for severely injured trauma patients. The drug, tranexamic acid, was found to be safe and beneficial in certain subgroups of patients who received it early.
The CODA trial found that antibiotics can avoid surgery for more than 70% of patients with appendicitis. However, patients with an appendicolith may face higher complications and a greater risk of needing surgery.
A randomized controlled trial found that lopinavir-ritonavir treatment does not reduce deaths, hospital stay length, or ventilator risk for patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The RECOVERY trial's results support the update of clinical guidelines.
A study published in Nature Communications finds that a multiple sclerosis treatment inhibits coronavirus replication and reduces inflammation in human lung cells. Researchers are optimistic about the potential of dimethyl fumarate to combat COVID-19.
A new investigation by Science reveals that the FDA's enforcement of clinical trial regulations is often light-handed, slow-moving, and secretive. The agency rarely levels sanctions or disqualifies scientists from clinical research, and cases are frequently resolved based on unverified claims.
Scientists create drug-like compounds that bind and destroy COVID-19's frameshifting element to stop the virus from replicating. The findings demonstrate the feasibility of directly targeting viral RNA with small-molecule drugs.
A clinical trial found that a daily regimen of hydroxychloroquine did not reduce infection rates among healthcare workers. The study suggests that other prevention measures such as social distancing and vaccination may be more effective in preventing COVID-19.
A new study will explore the effectiveness of adalimumab as a treatment for patients with COVID-19 in community care settings, particularly in care homes. The trial aims to determine whether anti-TNF drugs can reduce disease progression and mortality in patients with severe symptoms.
Researchers developed AwareDX, a machine learning algorithm that groups data into sex-balanced subsets to identify potential sex-specific drug effects. The algorithm has successfully predicted effects for several drugs, including simvastatin and risperidone, based on genetic differences between men and women.
A study found that FDA evaluations for new opioid drugs approved between 1997 and 2018 lacked systematic assessments of safety-related outcomes, particularly for chronic pain applications. The analysis revealed that trials often excluded patients who could not tolerate the drugs and failed to assess important adverse events.
Researchers at MUSC are using new technologies to conduct remote smoking cessation clinical trials, reaching smokers in rural areas and beyond. With electronic consent and smartphone-enabled devices, participants can complete trials from home, providing more representative data.
Two newer diabetes medications can significantly reduce the risk of heart disease, cardiovascular events, and end-stage kidney disease. They also lower blood pressure and slow chronic kidney disease progression.
Researchers at University of Minnesota Medical School have received seed funding for a clinical study investigating the use of metformin as a COVID-19 treatment and prevention method. The team aims to definitively study whether or not metformin prevents SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 disease, with potential benefits of reduci...
A new drug, vamorolone, has shown promise in reducing side effects associated with current steroid treatments for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Interim results from a 24-month clinical trial suggest that vamorolone may retain or improve the therapeutic benefits of steroids while minimizing risks.
A new study aims to replace daily eye drops with a brief low-energy laser procedure to lower eye pressure in glaucoma patients. The trial seeks to improve patients' quality of life and potentially offer a 'drop-free lifetime.'
A recent clinical trial found that ertugliflozin demonstrated non-inferiority on the rate of cardiovascular death, heart attack or stroke compared to placebo. The study results add to growing evidence supporting guidelines for using SGLT2 inhibitors to prevent adverse cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes patients.
A fourth Phase 3 clinical trial has begun enrolling adult volunteers to evaluate the investigational Janssen COVID-19 vaccine. The trial aims to assess the vaccine's ability to prevent symptomatic COVID-19 after a single dose regimen.
A six-year study found metformin slowed cognitive decline and reduced dementia risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Researchers believe the medication may also benefit those at risk of cognitive decline without diabetes. The study suggests a potential repurposing of metformin to prevent cognitive decline in older people.
A Canadian study found that SGLT2 inhibitors reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, including heart attack and stroke, among patients with type 2 diabetes. The study's findings suggest that these drugs offer cardioprotective benefits in a real-world setting.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina found that genetic variation in three specific brain genes can predict the effectiveness of naltrexone in treating alcohol use disorder. Patients with certain combinations of gene variations showed consistently reduced drinking when taking naltrexone, making personalized medicine a po...
A new Mayo Clinic study found that clinical oncologists are less informed about the federal Right to Try (RTT) law, citing concerns over patient safety and regulatory burden. The study also revealed that most oncologists had limited familiarity with RTT despite having experience with FDA's Expanded Access Programs.
The CheckMate -9ER trial found that combining nivolumab and cabozantinib improved progression-free survival by doubling it compared to sunitinib, with a higher response rate and superior quality of life for patients. The combination treatment demonstrated meaningful efficacy benefits and manageable toxicity.
A polygenic risk score has been developed to predict drug-induced liver injury, using genomic data and organoid models. The score can identify patients at risk of liver damage, allowing for safer medication choice and dosage.
A study presented at ESMO 2020 found significant variations in access to cancer medicines and clinical trials across European countries. Western European nations tend to have more clinical trials, while Eastern and Central European countries face barriers due to limited infrastructure and resources.
A study by Vanderbilt University Medical Center found that only 54% of medical practitioners have prescribed pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to HIV-vulnerable patients, highlighting a need for increased adoption of the preventive medication.
The University of Cincinnati researchers found that Angiotensin II levels were normal in COVID-19 patients, contradicting the theory that the virus disrupts the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System. The study suggests that supplementation with synthetic angiotensin (1-7) may be a potential therapeutic target for treating COVID-19.
A $11.4 million NIH grant has funded the advancement of a novel drug candidate, SBP-9330, targeting a neuronal signaling pathway underlying addictive behaviors to treat nicotine addiction. The drug is expected to be effective in reducing nicotine self-administration and may broaden its indication to other types of addiction.
Researchers found that taking azithromycin with QT-prolonging drugs increases the risk of cardiac events by 40%. These events include fainting, heart palpitations, and cardiac arrest. The study suggests doctors should monitor patients taking azithromycin for these medications.
A study by Kaiser Permanente found no difference in TSH stability between patients taking desiccated thyroid products and those on synthetic levothyroxine, a surprising outcome given concerns about variability among batches of desiccated thyroid. This result has implications for patient-centered approach to managing hypothyroidism.
Researchers at UTHealth are enrolling patients in a nationwide trial testing laboratory-made antibodies and experimental treatments to prevent severe COVID-19 illness. The Phase II trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of these treatments in non-hospitalized adults with mild COVID-19.
A large-scale clinical trial has shown that lanthanum carbonate does not reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease developing in patients with chronic kidney disease. High phosphate levels are a common problem in kidney disease and linked to cardiovascular disease, but the study found no benefit from the medication.
A new study provides a framework for guideline developers to offer specific guidance on right-sizing care, including when to start and stop treatments or screening. The recommendations are tailored for adult primary care and aim to reduce unnecessary testing and treatment, improving patient outcomes and quality of life.
Researchers found a combination of olaparib and capivasertib to be effective against advanced cancers, including those that stopped responding to chemotherapy. The treatment targets two weaknesses in cancer, DNA repair and AKT addiction, offering new hope for patients with drug-resistant cancer.
Researchers found that levodopa stabilized and improved vision in patients with advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD), reducing the number of treatments necessary. The drug's ability to target the GPR143 receptor led to a decrease in retinal fluid and an improvement in visual acuity.
New research suggests that reducing or eliminating high blood pressure medications in COVID-19 patients who develop hypotension can prevent acute kidney injury and death. The study found that nearly 60% of patients had a history of hypertension, making it the most common co-occurring health issue.
A new study published at American Heart Association's Hypertension 2020 Scientific Sessions found that treatment to lower high blood pressure did not increase and may have decreased the risk of developing orthostatic hypotension. The study, which analyzed data from nine large clinical trials, found that more aggressive blood pressure t...
Researchers found that green light exposure reduced headache days per month by an average of about 60%, with most participants experiencing a more than 50% reduction. The study also improved patients' quality of life, including sleep and work abilities, with no reported side effects.
Scientists have developed a gene test that can predict the risk of certain medications causing liver injury. The test uses a polygenic risk score, which takes into account over 20,000 gene variants to identify individuals at higher risk. This could lead to more accurate prescribing and safer drug development.
A phase 3 global clinical trial showed a new drug boosts bone growth in children born with achondroplasia by blocking the activity of FGFR3 protein, potentially returning growth rates to normal. The experimental drug vosoritide was safe and effective in increasing bone growth over one year.
A study published in Neurology found that anticholinergic drugs may accelerate cognitive decline in older adults, particularly those at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Researchers discovered that participants taking these medications were 47% more likely to develop mild cognitive impairment over a decade.
Researchers aim to enroll patients aged 6-17 with moderate to severe PANS and evaluate the effectiveness of PANZYGA versus placebo in reducing symptoms. The study will also assess sustainability and functional impairment associated with PANS treatment.
The study aims to test the efficacy of LY-CoV555 in reducing viral load and clinical symptoms in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. The trial will enroll 400 total patients and provide a potential new treatment option for those with compromised immune systems.
Vanderbilt University Medical Center is launching a clinical trial of promising treatments for COVID-19 in the outpatient setting as part of the ACTIV-2 protocol. The study aims to find a safe and effective treatment for non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
A recent clinical trial has shown that an experimental medication, AMX0035, can slow the progression of Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) by improving functional outcomes. The study involved 137 participants with ALS and demonstrated a significant slowing of disease progression.
A new international study published in JAMA found that treating critically ill COVID-19 patients with the steroid hydrocortisone improves their chances of recovery. The study showed a 93% chance of better outcomes for patients treated with a fixed dose of hydrocortisone.
A recent study has found that corticosteroids improve the odds of survival for very sick COVID-19 patients. The REMAP-CAP trial combined data from 121 hospitals in eight countries and found a 93% probability that giving patients hydrocortisone would result in better outcomes.
The REALITY trial found that restricting blood transfusion to those with very low haemoglobin levels has no negative impact on clinical outcomes, while also saving blood. The trial showed that the restrictive strategy was non-inferior to the liberal strategy in preventing 30-day major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and was more cost-eff...
Two studies found that e-cigarettes are not effective in helping adults quit smoking, but may lead to nicotine dependence. Researchers used data from a large nationally representative longitudinal study and found that cessation rates did not differ between e-cigarette users and closely matched smokers who did not use e-cigarettes.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that JAK inhibitors improved developmental milestones in patients with AGS, a rare genetic disorder. The treatment showed promise in improving neurological function, particularly in children who received higher doses.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center are conducting a clinical trial to determine the effectiveness of nasal saline irrigations in reducing COVID-19 symptoms and transmissibility. The study aims to explore if nasal hygiene can be used as an affordable and accessible treatment option.
A Yale clinical trial is using an automated bilingual computerized approach to screen for and intervene with high-risk drinking behaviors among Latino patients in emergency departments. The study aims to explore unique differences within Latino subgroups and advance understanding of addressing health disparities in alcohol use disorders.
A new study found that an educational mailing did not increase the uptake of stroke prevention drugs among patients with atrial fibrillation. The IMPACT-AFib trial involved over 47,000 patients and showed no significant difference in oral anticoagulant initiation between the intervention group and control group.
A randomized trial found that continuing common heart medications in COVID-19 patients did not negatively impact their health. The trial enrolled 659 patients and showed no significant difference in the number of days alive and out of hospital between those who continued and suspended their medications.
A recent study by the Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences found that one quarter of prescription drugs in Canada were reported in shortage during a study period. The average length of a shortage was five months, with markets with single generic manufacturers being the most vulnerable to shortage.
The LoDoCo2 trial found that low-dose colchicine significantly reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events by almost one-third in patients with chronic coronary disease. The study also showed that colchicine was well-tolerated over the long-term, with no significant adverse effects.
Two randomized controlled studies demonstrate that SGLT2 inhibitors can slow CKD progression across all patient groups, not just those with diabetes. The DAPA-CKD trial found a significant reduction in kidney function decline and end-stage disease with dapagliflozin treatment.
The ATPCI trial found that trimetazidine administered after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) does not improve outcomes in patients with chronic or acute coronary syndromes. Trimetazidine protects against myocardial ischaemia by improving the heart's metabolism, but its benefits were limited.
A large study of over 260,000 participants found no evidence that blood pressure lowering drugs increase the risk of cancer. The research analyzed data from 31 trials and investigated five antihypertensive drug classes, including ACE inhibitors and beta blockers.