Articles tagged with Drug Studies
A randomized clinical trial found that azacitidine as a maintenance treatment significantly improves relapse-free survival and overall survival in patients with AML. Patients treated with oral azacitidine had a median relapse-free survival of 10.2 months, compared to 4.8 months for placebo recipients.
Pharmacists helped identify and solve drug-related problems, improving measures such as blood pressure and cholesterol levels. The study found pharmacist-led medication therapy management services reduced medication costs for patients.
A new study published in The Lancet found that metabolic surgery is more effective than medications and lifestyle interventions in controlling severe type 2 diabetes. Over 37.5% of surgically-treated patients achieved diabetes remission for the entire 10-year study period.
A new trial published in The BMJ found that adding the arthritis drug tocilizumab to standard care for patients with severe Covid-19 did not improve clinical outcomes at 15 days. In fact, the study showed an increased number of deaths among patients receiving the drug.
Researchers at Lund University in Sweden have developed a method to regenerate bone and heal severe fractures using a combination of synthetic bone substitute and drugs. The study, published in Science Advances, shows promise for treating major bone defects with reduced complications.
A small pilot study suggests that early administration of ivermectin can reduce viral loads and symptom duration in patients with mild COVID-19. The treatment also showed a reduced duration of certain symptoms, including loss of smell and taste.
Scientists at UCSF have developed a personalized neuromodulation approach that targets individual patients' distinctive symptoms, providing relief from severe depression within minutes. The approach uses stereo-EEG to map brain regions and identify optimal stimulation sites.
A new study found that naltrexone use decreases the risk of hospitalization due to alcohol use disorder, while benzodiazepine use is associated with increased mortality and hospitalization. Only about a fourth of persons diagnosed with AUD used any medications, highlighting under-utilization of treatment options.
The Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine has published a special 15th anniversary collection featuring influential studies on sleep disorders and other topics. The selected papers have had a significant impact on the field, with landmark reviews like "Behavioral and physiological consequences of sleep restriction" still widely cited today.
A new treatment combining naltrexone and bupropion shows promise in reducing methamphetamine use disorder, with a response rate of 13.6% compared to 2.5% in placebo groups. The therapy also led to reduced cravings and fewer adverse effects.
A Phase 2 clinical trial has demonstrated the efficacy of cabozantinib in reducing tumor volume and pain in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. The treatment showed a partial response in 42% of patients, with significant reductions in tumor pain intensity.
A clinical trial involving COVID-19 patients hospitalized at UT Health San Antonio and University Health found that a combination of the drugs baricitinib and remdesivir reduced time to recovery. Patients on high oxygen therapy had a recovery time of 10 days with combination treatment, compared to 18 days with remdesivir alone.
A low-carb diet may lead to higher rates of type 2 diabetes remission in the short term, with benefits diminishing at 12 months. The study found that low-carb diets increased weight loss and reduced medication use, but also showed worsening quality of life and cholesterol levels at longer term.
A combination of injectable naltrexone and oral bupropion was found to be effective in treating adults with moderate or severe methamphetamine use disorder. Participants responded at a significantly higher rate to the treatment, with an NNT of 9, indicating its potential as a promising addition to current approaches.
Researchers have found a compound isolated from the leaves of Inula viscosa that can kill brain-eating amoebae by causing them to undergo cell suicide. The compound, inuloxin A, has shown promise in lab studies and may be more effective than current treatments at crossing the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers have developed a safe and efficient stem cell therapy to regenerate cardiac function in pediatric patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. The therapy, using cardio sphere-derived cells, has shown promising results in small human trials, reversing damage and improving heart function.
A team-based approach to treating opioid use disorder with community pharmacists shows promise in improving medication adherence and participant satisfaction. The study found nearly 90% of participants remained in the program and 95.3% adhered to their daily medication regimen.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have discovered a promising treatment approach for preventing acute graft-versus-host disease, a common complication of blood stem cell transplantation. The study found that using the oral drug sitagliptin reduces the risk of GVHD by inhibiting immune T cell activation.
Researchers found that continuing commonly used blood pressure medications like ACE inhibitors and ARBs did not affect COVID-19 patient outcomes. The study supports international recommendations to continue these medications in hospitalized patients unless there is a clear medical issue.
A large-scale study found that following specific guidelines, including regular exercise and a prudent diet, can lower GERD symptoms by 37% in women. Adhering to these lifestyle factors can also reduce the need for medication.
Scientists developed a machine-learning framework to identify potential repurposed drugs for diseases, using massive amounts of data from patient care records. The analysis suggested six candidates, including metformin and escitalopram, which are currently being tested.
Researchers found that stopping RAS inhibitors reduced the risk of requiring dialysis but increased the risk of cardiovascular events and death. The study suggests that doctors must carefully weigh the benefits and harms of these medications in patients with advanced CKD.
A study suggests that a single positive psychedelic experience can lower stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms in individuals who have experienced racism. The more intense the spiritual and insightful aspect of the experience, the greater the reduction in trauma-related symptoms.
The Phase 3 clinical trial showed a 30% improvement in survival for patients over 55 with AML. The drug, CC-486, significantly improved survival without impacting quality of life.
The ACTIV-3 trial, sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), tested LY-CoV555 against placebo in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The trial found that LY-CoV555 did not provide clinical benefit compared to placebo.
A review of international trial registry data reveals that pregnant women are routinely excluded from most clinical treatment trials for COVID-19, despite being at increased risk of severe illness. The authors argue that this exclusion poses a significant risk to the potential effectiveness and safety of treatments for pregnant women.
A new study finds that COVID-19 campus closures led to a significant decrease in the quantity of alcohol consumed by college students, especially those living with parents. Students who moved from living with peers to parents saw a drop in drinking days per week and total drinks consumed.
New research from the University of Cambridge found that patients treated with dexamethasone had a lower chance of favourable recovery at six months compared to those receiving a placebo. The trial enrolled 748 patients with chronic subdural haematoma and showed that fewer patients in the dexamethasone group required repeat surgery.
Researchers at the University of South Australia have made a breakthrough in treating post-stroke depression using high-frequency brain stimulation. The study found that large doses of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) significantly improved low moods by increasing brain activity.
Researchers at Uppsala University have developed a new analysis method that can predict the risks and effects of immunotherapy drug Rituximab. The study found differences in how the drug interacts with healthy individuals versus patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, providing valuable insights into individual responses to treatment.
The combination of baricitinib and remdesivir reduced median time to recovery in hospitalized COVID-19 patients from eight days to seven days. Patients who required high-flow oxygen or non-invasive ventilation during their hospitalization showed the largest benefit, with a significant improvement in condition at day 15.
A recent study found that transmembrane protein 41 B (TMEM41B) is essential for SARS-CoV-2 replication. The researchers used CRISPR to inactivate genes in human cells infected with the virus and discovered that TMEM41B was the only molecular feature common to both flaviviruses and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2.
Researchers from NUS utilised a ground-breaking AI platform to derive an optimal combination of available therapies against SARS-CoV-2, resulting in a treatment that was 6.5 times more effective than remdesivir alone. The top-ranked combination included the drugs remdesivir, lopinavir, and ritonavir at specific doses.
A UCI and UCSD study found that patients using automated kiosks in their workplaces had better prescription pickup rates without sacrificing pharmacist instruction. The kiosk saved the pharmacy $12,000 annually by increasing patient adherence to prescribed medications.
Ezogabine, an antiepileptic drug, has been shown to reduce motor neuron excitability in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. The study's findings could lead to the development of new therapies for ALS and establish the use of neuron excitability metrics as valuable biomarkers.
A large study of over 2,300 patients found that paclitaxel-coated balloons and stents do not increase mortality rates compared to conventional devices. The results resolve a long-standing debate on the safety of these treatments for peripheral arterial disease.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that maternal asthma medication is associated with an increased risk of premature births and small birth weights. The study analyzed data from over 117,000 births in Wales and found that prescriptions for asthma medicines were linked to lower birth weights and higher rates of preterm birth.
The study highlights a need for standardized terminology to distinguish between medicine misuse, abuse, and medication errors. A clear taxonomy is required to accurately identify situations involving medicine misuse, ensuring better public health outcomes.
Researchers found that red propolis extract was more effective in reducing parasite load and killing helminths than the only available drug, praziquantel. Red propolis also blocked reproduction and oviposition, making it a promising alternative treatment for schistosomiasis.
Axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel) achieved undetectable cancer levels in nearly 80% of patients, and durable responses in most participants. The therapy demonstrated improved response rates for follicular lymphoma compared to marginal zone lymphoma.
Researchers found metformin use reduced mortality risk by 21-24% among female patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The study suggests inflammation reduction as a key mechanism, but more research is needed.
A study found that vaginal bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis can metabolize HIV prevention drugs, reducing their effectiveness. This imbalance can increase the risk of HIV transmission in women. The researchers highlight the need for better treatments and studies on women's health to improve HIV prevention efforts.
A new antiviral drug, MK-4482/EIDD-2801, completely suppresses virus transmission within 24 hours, according to Georgia State University researchers. The drug is potent against influenza viruses and has broad-spectrum activity against respiratory RNA viruses.
A randomized controlled trial found that patients who received genetic test results about statin side effects did not have worse outcomes after one year. The study's results provide reassurance that pharmacogenetic testing can be used to maximize benefits while minimizing harm.
Researchers use human white blood cell membranes to carry drugs directly to infected lungs in mice, successfully treating bacterial growth and inflammation. The nano-sized drug delivery method shows promise for treating infectious diseases, including COVID-19.
Researchers discovered that fluorescent proteins behave like miniature antennas, absorbing and emitting light in specific directions. This finding has significant applications in basic biological research and novel drug discovery.
A new special edition of Rehabilitation Psychology examines the diverse ways caring for an individual with TBI impacts well-being, including family life, mood, physical health, sleep and social relationships. A unique tool called the TBI-CareQOL Measurement System helps standardize measures for quality of life in caregivers.
A large Swedish registry study found that DOAC use did not reduce the rate of hospitalisation, intensive care or fatality due to COVID-19. The study included over 100,000 patients with atrial fibrillation and over 350,000 individuals with cardiovascular disease.
Researchers are investigating a potential treatment for people recently diagnosed with SARS-Cov2 who have no or mild symptoms. The trial aims to determine whether treating asymptomatic patients with a combination of medications can reduce viral replication and the risk of getting sick.
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows that observing safe peers can encourage young people to make healthier decisions. The research team found that substance-naïve teens were more likely to follow their safe peers' choices, leading to safer outcomes.
A new study finds that tiny malfunctioning compartments in neurons, called endosomes, are commonly defective in Alzheimer's patients. Endosomal trafficking disruption is associated with high levels of tau proteins in spinal fluid and blood, making it a promising target for developing therapies.
A new drug treatment, otilimab, has shown promising results in reducing both inflammation and pain in people with rheumatoid arthritis. In a multicentre trial, patients who received otilimab demonstrated significant improvements in pain scores, while also experiencing reduced tender and swollen joints.
A new study published in The Lancet Global Health found that iron infusion is highly effective in low-income settings compared to oral iron tablets. Women who received an iron infusion had normalized levels of haemoglobin after just six weeks, with continued benefits after one year.
Researchers have created a bioactive plant-based nanocellulose hydrogel to support organoid growth for biomedical applications. The gel is cheaper than current gold standard options, cost-effective and animal-free.
A research team led by Susan Bergeson has developed a new medication to treat alcohol use disorder, receiving a $7.25 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to begin testing the drug. The treatment targets neuroinflammation as a major pathway in AUD.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended against using remdesivir for treating COVID-19 patients in hospitals, regardless of their severity. The guideline is based on a review of four international trials involving over 7,000 patients and found no meaningful effect on mortality or ventilation needs
Research from USC's Keck School of Medicine found that financially exploited seniors show distinct brain activity patterns compared to those who have not been victimized. The study also linked hearing and vision problems to increased frailty in older adults who experienced financial exploitation.
Researchers at UIC are conducting three national NIH studies to investigate the safety and effectiveness of various types of blood thinners for treating adults diagnosed with COVID-19. The trials aim to prevent life-threatening cardiovascular or pulmonary complications, including stroke, pulmonary embolism, and heart attacks.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open found that pod e-cigarettes are significantly safer than combustible cigarettes, with reduced levels of carcinogens and respiratory symptoms. The study suggests that e-cigarettes may be a viable harm-reduction option for smokers who struggle to quit or reduce their smoking habit.
A novel diabetes medication, sotagliflozin, significantly reduces hospitalization for heart failure, heart attack, and stroke in patients with Type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. The study found a 26% decrease in cardiovascular deaths and hospitalizations.