Articles tagged with Drug Studies
A recent qualitative study examines how people respond to financial and health uncertainties, revealing significant adverse consequences on physical and mental health. Participants reported sacrificing essential needs to afford medication, demonstrating the profound impact of uncertainty on well-being.
Researchers found that ivabradine, a heart failure medication, reduces heart rate and improves symptoms associated with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) in patients with POTS. The study suggests that ivabradine may be an effective treatment option for COVID-19 long-haulers.
The study analyzed over 53,000 individuals from minority populations, providing new genetic insights into heart, lung, blood, and sleep disorders. The research aims to improve diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of common conditions leading to disability or death.
A new drug, semaglutide, has been shown to cut body weight by 20% in a major global study involving over 1,900 participants. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, found that three quarters of people who received the drug lost more than 10% of their body weight.
A commentary by Johns Hopkins experts highlights the need for standardized data collection and analysis to inform policy decisions and strategies. They propose creating a consensus task force to define metrics and refine them over time, enabling public health leaders and healthcare organizations to identify effective solutions.
A large international study is testing the effectiveness of ivermectin, metformin, and fluvoxamine on preventing COVID-19 disease progression. The trial aims to identify promising therapies for reducing COVID-19 severity in patients with mild to moderate disease.
During the early COVID-19 outbreak in Italy, patients received potentially effective yet unapproved treatments due to lack of available therapies. The study reveals significant changes in drug demand compared to pre-pandemic periods.
A recent study published in Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics found that diabetics taking goldenseal while on metformin may struggle to maintain healthy blood glucose levels. The study showed that goldenseal reduced metformin's concentration by 25% after six days of use, highlighting the risk of unwanted drug interactions.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology create novel enterocyte-like cells that closely resemble actual enterocytes, expressing efflux transporter proteins and CYP3A4. These cells can be used as an in vitro model of the small intestine for evaluating intestinal absorption of drugs in humans.
The IMbrave150 trial found that the atezo+bev combination provided a median overall survival of 19.2 months, surpassing the 13.4-month median for those treated with sorafenib alone. The treatment also showed improved survival rates at 18 months, with 52% of patients on atezo+bev remaining alive compared to 40% on sorafenib.
A clinical study led by Dr. Jordan Feld showed that peginterferon-lambda can significantly speed up recovery for COVID-19 outpatients, with patients who received the treatment being over four times more likely to clear the infection within seven days. The study also found quicker improvement of respiratory symptoms in the treatment group.
A new study found that a vegan diet is more effective than the Mediterranean diet for improving health markers and boosting weight loss. Participants who followed a low-fat vegan diet lost an average of 6 kg and had significant reductions in visceral fat, total and LDL cholesterol levels.
Researchers found US COVID-19 treatment trials disproportionately excluded Black and Hispanic patients, pregnant women, lactating women, and children due to perceived complexities. This exclusion leads to inadequate evidence for vulnerable populations, emphasizing the need for inclusive studies.
Two studies shed light on the process of adding new fat cells, revealing a balance between existing fat cell expansion and new cell creation. A cancer drug can stimulate healthy fat cell formation, while inhibiting the development of new fat cells in one storage area can prevent diseases like diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
A recent study published in Applied Ergonomics compared standardized processes for community pharmacists with their real-world practices, revealing a significant gap. The researchers identified four main themes: efficiency, resource availability, thoroughness, and delegating safeguards. Further research is needed to adapt procedures to...
A recent study found that non-white patients are disproportionately excluded from receiving the latest precision medicines for cystic fibrosis due to genetic test limitations. The drug trials were primarily conducted on non-Hispanic white patients, leading to a lack of representation in the patient registry.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that dexmedetomidine and propofol are equally effective and safe for light sedation in critically ill patients. The study, which enrolled 422 adults with sepsis, found similar patient outcomes between the two sedatives.
A new study explores the link between health literacy and self-care in patients with chronic illness, revealing a strong correlation between the two. The researchers found that improved health literacy is associated with better medication adherence and overall health outcomes.
Researchers report positive results from three Phase I studies on rectal microbicides, including a gel containing dapivirine that was well-tolerated but required higher doses to provide protection. The studies suggest that dosing changes and longer-acting formulations may be necessary for effective HIV prevention through anal sex.
A large observational study found that taking terazosin for enlarged prostate is associated with a reduced risk of developing Parkinson's disease. Men taking terazosin were 12-37% less likely to develop the disease compared to those taking tamsulosin, according to the study published in JAMA Neurology.
The LCMC3 study showed that neoadjuvant atezolizumab was well tolerated and met its primary endpoint, achieving a major pathologic response rate of 21% in patients without EGFR/ALK mutations. The therapy also showed high complete resection rates and low perioperative morbidity and mortality.
Infants with symptomatic congenital CMV infection treated with a combination of immunoglobulin fetal therapy and neonatal therapy with antiviral drugs showed less severe aftereffects than those receiving only neonatal therapy. This integrated approach holds promise for reducing the number of children suffering from severe CMV infection.
The Lung-MAP trial has amassed a scientifically valuable cache of data and biospecimens from 3,021 patients. Research presentations at the World Conference on Lung Cancer highlighted associations between tumor mutational burden and clinical outcomes to immunotherapy.
The PROTECT trial aims to identify effective drugs to prevent Covid-19 in care home residents, who are at high risk of severe illness. If successful, the trial could help restore normal life for residents and their families, including liberal visiting policies.
Researchers discovered that aneuploid cancer cells demonstrate heightened sensitivity to damage to the mitotic checkpoint, making them more susceptible to treatment. The study's findings suggest that using aneuploidy as a biological marker could help identify patients who will respond better to certain drugs.
Vericiguat, a first-of-its-kind treatment, reduces rates of death or hospitalization due to heart failure by 10% in patients with worsening chronic heart failure. The drug works by stimulating an enzyme that enhances heart function and helps blood vessels relax.
A randomized clinical trial found that azacitidine as a maintenance treatment significantly improves relapse-free survival and overall survival in patients with AML. Patients treated with oral azacitidine had a median relapse-free survival of 10.2 months, compared to 4.8 months for placebo recipients.
Pharmacists helped identify and solve drug-related problems, improving measures such as blood pressure and cholesterol levels. The study found pharmacist-led medication therapy management services reduced medication costs for patients.
A new study published in The Lancet found that metabolic surgery is more effective than medications and lifestyle interventions in controlling severe type 2 diabetes. Over 37.5% of surgically-treated patients achieved diabetes remission for the entire 10-year study period.
A new trial published in The BMJ found that adding the arthritis drug tocilizumab to standard care for patients with severe Covid-19 did not improve clinical outcomes at 15 days. In fact, the study showed an increased number of deaths among patients receiving the drug.
Researchers at Lund University in Sweden have developed a method to regenerate bone and heal severe fractures using a combination of synthetic bone substitute and drugs. The study, published in Science Advances, shows promise for treating major bone defects with reduced complications.
A small pilot study suggests that early administration of ivermectin can reduce viral loads and symptom duration in patients with mild COVID-19. The treatment also showed a reduced duration of certain symptoms, including loss of smell and taste.
Scientists at UCSF have developed a personalized neuromodulation approach that targets individual patients' distinctive symptoms, providing relief from severe depression within minutes. The approach uses stereo-EEG to map brain regions and identify optimal stimulation sites.
A new study found that naltrexone use decreases the risk of hospitalization due to alcohol use disorder, while benzodiazepine use is associated with increased mortality and hospitalization. Only about a fourth of persons diagnosed with AUD used any medications, highlighting under-utilization of treatment options.
The Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine has published a special 15th anniversary collection featuring influential studies on sleep disorders and other topics. The selected papers have had a significant impact on the field, with landmark reviews like "Behavioral and physiological consequences of sleep restriction" still widely cited today.
A new treatment combining naltrexone and bupropion shows promise in reducing methamphetamine use disorder, with a response rate of 13.6% compared to 2.5% in placebo groups. The therapy also led to reduced cravings and fewer adverse effects.
A Phase 2 clinical trial has demonstrated the efficacy of cabozantinib in reducing tumor volume and pain in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. The treatment showed a partial response in 42% of patients, with significant reductions in tumor pain intensity.
A clinical trial involving COVID-19 patients hospitalized at UT Health San Antonio and University Health found that a combination of the drugs baricitinib and remdesivir reduced time to recovery. Patients on high oxygen therapy had a recovery time of 10 days with combination treatment, compared to 18 days with remdesivir alone.
A low-carb diet may lead to higher rates of type 2 diabetes remission in the short term, with benefits diminishing at 12 months. The study found that low-carb diets increased weight loss and reduced medication use, but also showed worsening quality of life and cholesterol levels at longer term.
A combination of injectable naltrexone and oral bupropion was found to be effective in treating adults with moderate or severe methamphetamine use disorder. Participants responded at a significantly higher rate to the treatment, with an NNT of 9, indicating its potential as a promising addition to current approaches.
Researchers have found a compound isolated from the leaves of Inula viscosa that can kill brain-eating amoebae by causing them to undergo cell suicide. The compound, inuloxin A, has shown promise in lab studies and may be more effective than current treatments at crossing the blood-brain barrier.
Researchers have developed a safe and efficient stem cell therapy to regenerate cardiac function in pediatric patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. The therapy, using cardio sphere-derived cells, has shown promising results in small human trials, reversing damage and improving heart function.
A team-based approach to treating opioid use disorder with community pharmacists shows promise in improving medication adherence and participant satisfaction. The study found nearly 90% of participants remained in the program and 95.3% adhered to their daily medication regimen.
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have discovered a promising treatment approach for preventing acute graft-versus-host disease, a common complication of blood stem cell transplantation. The study found that using the oral drug sitagliptin reduces the risk of GVHD by inhibiting immune T cell activation.
Researchers found that continuing commonly used blood pressure medications like ACE inhibitors and ARBs did not affect COVID-19 patient outcomes. The study supports international recommendations to continue these medications in hospitalized patients unless there is a clear medical issue.
A large-scale study found that following specific guidelines, including regular exercise and a prudent diet, can lower GERD symptoms by 37% in women. Adhering to these lifestyle factors can also reduce the need for medication.
Scientists developed a machine-learning framework to identify potential repurposed drugs for diseases, using massive amounts of data from patient care records. The analysis suggested six candidates, including metformin and escitalopram, which are currently being tested.
Researchers found that stopping RAS inhibitors reduced the risk of requiring dialysis but increased the risk of cardiovascular events and death. The study suggests that doctors must carefully weigh the benefits and harms of these medications in patients with advanced CKD.
A study suggests that a single positive psychedelic experience can lower stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms in individuals who have experienced racism. The more intense the spiritual and insightful aspect of the experience, the greater the reduction in trauma-related symptoms.
The Phase 3 clinical trial showed a 30% improvement in survival for patients over 55 with AML. The drug, CC-486, significantly improved survival without impacting quality of life.
The ACTIV-3 trial, sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), tested LY-CoV555 against placebo in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The trial found that LY-CoV555 did not provide clinical benefit compared to placebo.
A review of international trial registry data reveals that pregnant women are routinely excluded from most clinical treatment trials for COVID-19, despite being at increased risk of severe illness. The authors argue that this exclusion poses a significant risk to the potential effectiveness and safety of treatments for pregnant women.
A new study finds that COVID-19 campus closures led to a significant decrease in the quantity of alcohol consumed by college students, especially those living with parents. Students who moved from living with peers to parents saw a drop in drinking days per week and total drinks consumed.
New research from the University of Cambridge found that patients treated with dexamethasone had a lower chance of favourable recovery at six months compared to those receiving a placebo. The trial enrolled 748 patients with chronic subdural haematoma and showed that fewer patients in the dexamethasone group required repeat surgery.
Researchers at the University of South Australia have made a breakthrough in treating post-stroke depression using high-frequency brain stimulation. The study found that large doses of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) significantly improved low moods by increasing brain activity.
Researchers at Uppsala University have developed a new analysis method that can predict the risks and effects of immunotherapy drug Rituximab. The study found differences in how the drug interacts with healthy individuals versus patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, providing valuable insights into individual responses to treatment.
The combination of baricitinib and remdesivir reduced median time to recovery in hospitalized COVID-19 patients from eight days to seven days. Patients who required high-flow oxygen or non-invasive ventilation during their hospitalization showed the largest benefit, with a significant improvement in condition at day 15.
A recent study found that transmembrane protein 41 B (TMEM41B) is essential for SARS-CoV-2 replication. The researchers used CRISPR to inactivate genes in human cells infected with the virus and discovered that TMEM41B was the only molecular feature common to both flaviviruses and coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2.
Researchers from NUS utilised a ground-breaking AI platform to derive an optimal combination of available therapies against SARS-CoV-2, resulting in a treatment that was 6.5 times more effective than remdesivir alone. The top-ranked combination included the drugs remdesivir, lopinavir, and ritonavir at specific doses.
A UCI and UCSD study found that patients using automated kiosks in their workplaces had better prescription pickup rates without sacrificing pharmacist instruction. The kiosk saved the pharmacy $12,000 annually by increasing patient adherence to prescribed medications.