Articles tagged with Drug Studies
A new study finds that pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can prevent up to 99% of new HIV infections among high-risk gay men in Toronto. By engaging these individuals with healthcare, PrEP also reduces costs and increases health outcomes.
PharmaMar presents updated clinical trial data for its antitumoral compounds Yondelis and lurbinectedin, demonstrating efficacy in treating solid tumors such as breast, soft tissue sarcomas, and colorectal cancer. These findings support the potential of these molecules as treatments for various types of solid tumors.
Only four in 10 gay and bisexual men in Baltimore are aware of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), a medication that reduces HIV incidence by 92 percent. Despite its effectiveness, PrEP is underused due to lack of education among healthcare providers and patients.
A new study suggests that intensive treatment of systolic blood pressure to below 120mmHg can reduce mortality by 27%, with an estimated 107,500 deaths prevented per year. However, this approach also carries a significant risk of serious side effects, including low blood pressure episodes and fainting.
A recent study published in npj Breast Cancer found that postmenopausal breast cancer patients taking tamoxifen have a lower risk of uterine cancer than expected. The study suggests that a normal ultrasound before treatment may provide additional reassurance for women concerned about endometrial side effects.
Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute researchers collaborate with DoD and VA to study cardiac progenitor cells for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, a condition affecting millions. The clinical trial aims to improve symptoms and treatment options for patients.
Cephalosporins have shown promise in treating tuberculosis (TB) through an in vitro study, with the antibiotics demonstrating potent anti-mycobacterial properties when used in synergistic combinations with traditional therapies. The results suggest that these drugs could be part of new combinatorial TB therapies.
Researchers and editors of the Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin express concerns about the clinical and cost-effectiveness of nalmefene, a drug approved to curb excess drinking. The authors argue that the limited data on its effectiveness raises questions about its continued use in the NHS.
A new trial will enroll over 9,000 participants in the US and Canada to test a high-dose flu vaccine for heart patients. The study aims to reduce hospitalizations and deaths among vulnerable individuals, with half receiving a more potent vaccine.
Mount Sinai researchers used EEG to study cue-induced craving in cocaine addicts and found that vulnerability to relapse peaks between one and six months of abstinence. This period coincides with patients' release from treatment programs, highlighting the need for alternative interventions to prevent relapse.
Two studies found that nasal sprays containing bevacizumab, estriol, or tranexamic acid failed to significantly reduce the frequency and duration of nosebleeds in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. The treatment also had no measurable effect on quality of life, hemoglobin levels, or red blood cell transfusions.
A recent study found that YouTube music videos often glamorize excessive drinking and link it to sexual attractiveness and luxury lifestyles. The research analyzed 49 UK Top 40 videos containing alcohol content, revealing a strong association between alcohol consumption and sociability, personal image, and lifestyle.
Researchers found that a simple saline solution twice daily was just as effective as three medications in reducing the frequency and severity of chronic nosebleeds. The study's results suggest that simple hydration may be enough to prevent nosebleeds, making saline nasal spray a potential treatment option.
A phase 3 study found that the drug everolimus significantly reduces seizure frequency in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy and TSC. Nearly half of patients had failed previous antiepileptic drugs before participating in the study.
A new Cochrane Review found that taking an oral vitamin D supplement can reduce severe asthma attacks requiring hospital admission or emergency department attendance. The review of seven trials involving 435 children and 658 adults with mild to moderate asthma showed a significant reduction in risk, with no increase in side effects.
A year's course of benralizumab injections significantly decrease asthma exacerbation rates, improving lung function and total asthma score. The treatment also shows promise for reducing hospitalization risks among those with severe uncontrolled asthma.
Physician burnout may be linked to heavy electronic health record (EHR) use. A recent study found that doctors spend nearly two additional hours on EHRs for every hour spent directly caring for patients, contributing to their physical and mental exhaustion. The burden of EHRs is a significant concern in the medical field.
A new study challenges the traditional efficacy trial model by using real-world patients and GP practices to test COPD treatments. The Salford Lung Study found that a once-daily treatment regimen was associated with lower rates of exacerbations without increased risk of serious adverse events.
A recent study at Mayo Clinic and other academic medical centers identified common conditions mistaken for multiple sclerosis, revealing potential risks of misdiagnosis. The research highlights the need for better clinician education on using diagnostic criteria to avoid premature or incorrect MS diagnoses.
Researchers at Cardiff University have discovered a new drug treatment that inhibits memories responsible for cocaine cravings, significantly accelerating the end of drug-seeking behavior. The therapy, currently used in cancer trials, targets the brain's limbic system and could potentially speed up clinical development.
A study by researchers at four US medical centers found that common conditions are frequently misdiagnosed as multiple sclerosis, leading patients to receive unnecessary treatment. The study identified five primary diagnoses that mimic MS symptoms, resulting in long-term misdiagnosis for some patients.
A pilot study suggests that some heart attack patients with plaque erosion may benefit from anti-thrombotic medications only, potentially replacing stent placement. The conservative approach shows promise in reducing stent-related complications, offering a new treatment paradigm for over a quarter of patients.
The Norwegian Coronary Stent Trial found that new-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) do not outlive or improve outcomes for patients compared to traditional bare metal stents (BMS). Despite the recommendation of DES over BMS in guidelines, the study suggests that both stent types may be suitable alternatives.
The BASKET-SAVAGE trial found that drug-eluting stents (DES) are more effective than bare metal stents (BMS) in treating saphenous vein grafts. DES reduced major adverse cardiac events by 67% compared to BMS.
Patients with high levels of cholesterol absorption derive significant benefit from intensive treatment, while those without show no improvement. A new direction for personalized cholesterol treatment strategies is suggested.
The phase 3 ODYSSEY-ESCAPE trial found that alirocumab-treated patients had a 75% greater reduction in apheresis compared to placebo, with 63.4% eliminating apheresis altogether. This could mark a new era for HeFH patients struggling with weekly apheresis treatments.
A novel contact lens-based system has been shown to be at least as effective as daily latanoprost eye drops in reducing eye pressure in a pre-clinical model for glaucoma. The lenses deliver medication gradually to the eye, eliminating the burden of administration from patients and improving compliance.
The ANTARCTIC trial found that elderly patients who underwent coronary stenting did not experience improved outcomes with platelet function testing compared to standard, unmonitored approach. Monitoring led to treatment adjustments in nearly half of the patients, yet it didn't improve ischemic or safety outcomes.
A recent Phase 3 clinical trial led by University of Pennsylvania researchers found that a new nasal spray anesthetic called Kovanaze is effective in preventing pain during dental procedures. The study showed that the compound was comparable to commonly used injectable numbing agents and had minimal side effects.
A mathematical model suggests that alternating between erlotinib and evofosfamide could help prevent drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer patients. This treatment schedule is more effective than using either drug alone, according to a study published in PLOS Computational Biology.
The American Geriatrics Society has released a virtual journal issue featuring 20 seminal articles that have shaped geriatric research since the new millennium. The studies focus on topics such as cognition, physical disabilities, frailty, and medication use, and have had significant impacts on eldercare expertise.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that MRI-guided focused ultrasound significantly improves tremors and quality of life for patients with essential tremor. The treatment was shown to achieve nearly 50% improvement in tremors after three months, while retaining a 40% improvement after a year.
Researchers found that metformin effectively reduced body mass index scores in overweight children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder who take antipsychotic medications. The double-blind clinical trial also showed metformin was well-tolerated and did not cause behavioral changes.
A clinical trial led by Jeff Elias at the University of Virginia Health System found that focused ultrasound is safe and effective in reducing shaking caused by essential tremor. Participants showed significant improvement in disabilities and quality of life, with mean tremor scores improving by 47% at three months.
A new study suggests that acupuncture can provide significant pain relief for children with complex medical conditions, such as cerebral palsy and spinal cord injuries. The low-risk procedure has been found to be safe and effective in reducing pain and improving quality of life for these patients.
Researchers at University of Colorado Anschutz developed a technique to estimate patient adherence to antiretroviral drugs. The test measures traces of PrEP medicine in dried blood samples, providing an objective way to determine consistent use.
Researchers found that BPA affects male turtle brains, inducing female-like behavior and altering navigational abilities. This could lead to dramatic population declines in painted turtles, making them a potential indicator species for ecosystem health.
A phase 2 clinical trial suggests that intravenous glyburide treatment may improve patient outcomes after a major stroke by reducing brain injury and death. The study found a significant reduction in brain imaging measures of midline shift, as well as lower levels of MMP-9, a biomarker associated with brain swelling.
A study published in Annals of Oncology found that breast cancer patients on hormone therapies experienced more side-effects if they had high expectations of suffering. The researchers suggest that counseling could lower the risk and improve adherence to medication.
Researchers have discovered a new group of compounds that could treat pulmonary hypertension by altering vessel stiffness and its downstream control of metabolism. The findings, published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, highlight the use of these drugs to target the molecular origins of the disease.
The MINERVA study found a significant association between higher medication adherence rates and improved patient outcomes, including reduced major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and healthcare costs. Fully adherent patients had a lower risk of MACE compared to partially and non-adherent populations.
A French study found that introducing a color-graded pictogram label on anxiety and sleep medications did not decrease the risk of driving crashes. The risk of being responsible for a crash increased in users of z-hypnotics, with significant risks observed across several time periods.
A study by University of Missouri researchers found that linagliptin provided protection against arterial stiffness in overweight female mice fed a western diet. The medication works by blocking the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and has been shown to offer protection against vascular inflammation and oxidative stress.
A study published in JAMA Surgery found that revascularization interventions improved walking comfort, distance, and symptoms in patients with moderate to severe IC compared to medical management. Revascularization significantly increased walking function and quality of life at 12 months.
A recent study by Simon Fraser University researcher Stefanie Rezansoff found that only 12% of homeless individuals are adherent to their antipsychotic medications. This lack of adherence is a significant risk factor for long-term homelessness, hospitalization, and other negative outcomes.
A document analysis found that orlistat trial reports underestimated adverse effects, with only 3-33% of reported events appearing in published papers. This suggests potential for bias in harms reporting and highlights the need for more accurate reporting practices.
A DASH diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy significantly lowers uric acid levels, a causative agent of gout, nearly matching the impact of gout medicines. The study suggests a safe and sustainable dietary approach to lower uric acid and prevent gout flare-ups.
A study found that longer distances from home to tobacco shops were associated with increased odds of quitting smoking. Smokers who walked one-third of a mile further away from their homes had a 20-60% higher chance of giving up cigarettes, according to Finnish research.
A study published in Neurology tracks neural changes in patients with Parkinson's disease and two similar conditions over time. Researchers found decreased activity in specific brain regions, which could provide a new tool for testing experimental medications.
A new study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that medications improved work productivity in most patients with depression, but those who showed rapid improvement had more significant reductions in depressive symptoms and were more likely to recover. The study suggests that patients requiring additional treatments l...
The Independent Data Monitoring Committee approved PharmaMar's CORAIL study of PM1183 in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. The pivotal Phase III trial evaluates the efficacy of PM1183 compared to standard treatments.
A new study published in Nature Medicine shows that a natural immune system protein called IL-2 can help restore balance to the overactive immune system of lupus patients. The drug, originally used to boost the immune system for cancer treatment, has been found safe and effective in clinical trials.
A world-first clinical trial found that people who inject drugs can receive safe and effective hepatitis C treatment while on opioid substitution therapy. The results show excellent treatment adherence rates of over 95% and low reinfection rates, contradicting long-held assumptions about drug users' ability to adhere to medication.
A new study found that synchronized prescription refill programs increase medication adherence by three to five percent, with larger effects among patients with low initial adherence rates. The results suggest that such programs can be an effective strategy to reduce obstacles to medication adherence.
A new study found that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARB) have similar results in reducing cardiovascular events in patients on peritoneal dialysis. The researchers surveyed records of Medicare Part D patients and found no significant difference between the two medication classes.
A study led by the University of Leicester found that a new asthma pill called Fevipiprant significantly reduced symptoms and improved lung function. The drug was shown to decrease inflammation and repair airway linings, offering hope for severe asthma sufferers.
A recent study found that nearly half of pediatric clinical trials are either discontinued early or remain unpublished in the medical literature. The research suggests significant inefficiency and waste in the field, with more than 8,000 children participating in unfinished trials and over 69,000 enrolled in completed but unpublished t...
Adalimumab, an inhibitor of the inflammatory protein tumor necrosis factor (TNF), has been shown to provide significantly greater symptom relief than placebo in patients with hidradenitis suppurtiva. The results of two phase 3 clinical trials support FDA approval of adalimumab for this painful skin condition.
PharmaMar starts a pivotal Phase III ATLANTIS study evaluating efficacy and safety of PM1183 in combination with doxorubicin versus topotecan or VCR for patients with SCLC after prior platinum-containing line failure. The primary endpoint is to improve progression-free survival.
A study published in the Journal of the American Pharmacists Association found that rural patients are more likely to be readmitted to the hospital due to lack of pharmacy access. The average number of readmissions from rural areas was 15.3 percent, compared to 14.7 percent for urban counterparts.