Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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Researchers found a single trial supporting aripiprazole for maintenance therapy, but its limitations constrain interpretation. The trial had short duration and low participant completion rates, casting doubt on its effectiveness.
Tafluprost met primary endpoint in phase III study, showing comparable IOP-lowering effect to timolol. The medication achieved significant IOP reduction from baseline and demonstrated non-inferiority to existing treatments.
A large clinical trial found gatifloxacin to be equally effective as chloramphenicol in treating typhoid, but with fewer side effects. The new antibiotic is more affordable and only needs to be taken once a day.
A phase 3 clinical study found that VIVITROL, a once-monthly opioid-blocking medication, significantly increased opioid-free weeks among patients with opioid dependence. The treatment was well-tolerated, with only mild adverse events reported. The results suggest that VIVITROL is an important new option for treating opioid dependence.
A recent study by Children's National Hospital has discovered that resiniferatoxin, a promising drug for acute chronic pain, may decrease the body's ability to fight off bacterial infections like sepsis. The research highlights the importance of monitoring potential side effects of this medication.
A study analyzing Swedish data from 1996-2007 found an increase in evidence-based treatments for STEMI, leading to a decrease in death rates at 30 days and one year after a heart attack. The adoption of new treatments gradually decreased variations between hospitals and was associated with improved survival outcomes.
A new study by David Hemenway found that gun ownership in homes increases the risk of accidents, suicide, homicide, and intimidation, outweighing any perceived benefits. Homes with children or women are disproportionately affected, with a higher risk of female homicide victimization.
A clinical trial at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that a biweekly dose of dactinomycin had a higher complete response rate than a weekly dose of methotrexate for treating low-risk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. This regimen also required fewer treatment cycles and had lower toxicity.
A study found nearly 60% of children with newly diagnosed epilepsy showed persistent nonadherence during the first 6 months of therapy. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with higher non-adherence rates, indicating a need for intervention studies to optimize adherence early in treatment.
A phase II study of selumetinib has shown promising results in patients with advanced biliary cancer, with significant tumor shrinkage and weight gain observed. The drug blocked the MEK protein, which is often damaged in biliary cancer cells, suggesting a new standard of care may be established
A recent study found that medication use among pregnant women is widespread and varies by socioeconomic status, maternal age, race/ethnicity, and state of residence. The study also revealed a significant increase in the use of prescription medications during the first trimester, with antidepressants showing dramatic increases.
A Phase 3 clinical trial found that adding atrasentan to chemotherapy did not improve survival for patients with advanced prostate cancer. Patients who received the drug had similar progression-free survival as those given a placebo.
Researchers at Northwestern University have found that using electronic medical records to identify patients with diseases can be faster and cheaper than recruiting thousands of participants. The study used data from five national sites to accurately identify patients with five types of diseases, achieving accuracy rates of 73-98%.
A study of European HIV-positive children reveals that 12% develop triple-class virological failure by 5 years after starting antiretroviral treatment, compared to adults. The high failure rate underlines the need for strategies to promote optimum drug adherence in children and young people.
Researchers at Goethe University and Harvard Medical School develop screening method for active ingredients to treat Batten disease, a devastating disorder affecting vision and motor abilities. The breakthrough uses innovative microscopy technology and identifies biomarkers for potential drug intervention.
The Stanford study found that only 4% of the drug's use was for hemophilia patients, while 96% was for heart surgery, trauma, and other surgical problems. The researchers warn that the drug can increase blood clot risk, leading to heart attacks and strokes.
A study by neurosurgeons at the University of Rochester Medical Center found that anti-depressants can boost brain cells after injury, improving depression and memory. The medication, imipramine, increased the number of neurons in the hippocampus, a key area for memory, and enhanced novel object recognition tests.
Researchers created patient-derived iPSCs, which were then differentiated into neurons to study schizophrenia. The study found that these neurons connected less frequently with each other and had misregulated gene expression profiles, but Loxapine restored connectivity. The findings provide a new model for understanding the disease mec...
A new study published in JAMA found that a 4-drug fixed-dose regimen is noninferior to separate drug treatment for tuberculosis, with 93.9% of patients in the FDC group achieving favorable outcomes. This regimen simplifies treatment and reduces the risk of drug resistance.
A systematic review of memantine trials found no evidence of benefit for patients with mild Alzheimer's disease, contradicting its frequent off-label use. Increasing acetylcholine levels appears to slow mental decline in AD, but current evidence is insufficient.
A recent study found no association between corticosteroid use during pregnancy and orofacial clefts in infants. However, dermatological corticosteroids were linked to an increased risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate. The study's results add to the safety information for corticosteroids commonly used during pregnancy.
Researchers discovered that sirolimus stabilizes lung function and improves quality of life in women with lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), a rare lung disease. OHSU expert Alan Barker co-authored the study, which could also inform cancer treatment.
A new drug, DCC-2036, has shown potential in treating leukemia patients who have developed resistance to standard treatment. The study found that the drug was effective against human leukemia cells and prolonged survival in a mouse model of CML.
A new study found that taking bosentan did not improve health outcomes for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Researchers suggest a subset of IPF patients may still benefit from the drug, but further studies are needed to confirm this.
A new point-of-care clinical trial approach is being tested, combining statistical validity with real-world applicability to compare treatments. The approach aims to deliver the best care to patients while learning from each experience, reducing costs and time involved in traditional clinical trials.
A study published in the journal Cancer found that synthetic hypericin inhibited the growth of glioma cells and was well-tolerated in patients with recurrent malignant brain tumors. Forty percent of participants completed a three-month treatment regimen without adverse effects.
A video-based decision aid helped patients weigh the pros and cons of bariatric surgery, leading to greater certainty and less conflict. The trial found that patients who watched the video felt more informed and confident in their decisions.
A three-year follow-up study of patients with chronic hepatitis C who received long-term peginterferon therapy found increased mortality rates attributed to non-liver related causes, primarily in patients with bridging fibrosis. The excess mortality was mainly linked to unrelated complications and did not emerge until three years into ...
Researchers developed small-molecule MDM2 inhibitors that activate p53 protein, killing cancer cells while avoiding DNA damage. These new drugs shrank tumors in animal models of human cancer without significant side effects.
A systematic review and pooled analysis found that low-frequency HIV-1 drug resistance mutations are associated with a 2.3 times increased risk of virologic failure in treatment-naive adults, particularly those with NNRTI-resistant minority variants.
Researchers found that thiazolidinediones (TZDs) and fibrates, commonly used to treat type-2 diabetes, may help counteract nicotine and alcohol addiction by activating specific receptors in the brain. These drugs stimulate PPAR-α and PPAR-γ receptors, reducing inflammation and increasing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels.
The Rheos System, a device that regulates blood pressure like a pacemaker regulates heart rhythm, helped lower blood pressure by 33 points. This substantial drop could require up to five additional drugs to control difficult-to-treat hypertension in patients with resistant hypertension.
Researchers found that adults reporting workdays of 11 hours or longer had a 67 percent higher relative risk for CHD than those working 7 or 8 hours a day. Additionally, self-monitoring and self-adjustment of anticoagulant doses resulted in superior patient outcomes without an increase in major bleeding events.
A study by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine found that statin users had a 33% lower risk of death from pneumonia compared to non-statin users. This protective effect was observed among patients who were already taking statins when they developed pneumonia.
A study finds ranolazine effective for refractory angina, but only 59% of patients remain on the medication after one year. Adherence issues, including cost and side effects, are major concerns.
Researchers have found alarming rates of antibiotic use and the emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia. Electronic faucets are also more likely to become contaminated with bacteria compared to traditional faucets.
A new drug that targets a signaling-nuclear protein pathway has been shown to prevent heterotopic ossification, a painful buildup of bone tissue. The study's results offer great hope for the development of effective medications to treat this debilitating disease.
The RESOLUTE All Comers trial confirms that the new-generation Resolute zotarolimus-eluting stent is clinically equivalent to the Xience V everolimus-eluting stent after 2 years. The study included patients with complex lesions and acute coronary syndromes, demonstrating improved safety and efficacy of the zotarolimus-eluting stent.
Researchers at the BATTLE trial have identified two novel gene markers, including an EMT signature and LCN2, that predict response to EGFR inhibition in patients with wild-type EGFR. These biomarkers may help identify patients who can benefit from erlotinib treatment.
The Breast Health Global Initiative has published a landmark publication offering diverse but not insurmountable barriers to breast cancer screening and treatment in developing nations. Key findings include the need for public awareness, pathology services, and supportive care services to improve breast health care programs.
A two-year trial found that switching from entecavir to lamivudine resulted in a 24% virologic rebound rate and 12% drug-resistance rate. Patients who continued on entecavir therapy maintained undetectable HBV DNA levels.
A new hepatitis C drug, boceprevir, has shown significant promise in treating patients with hard-to-treat cases. The study found that the drug helped cure more patients than traditional treatment methods within 36 weeks.
A study published in Blood reveals that imatinib treatment has no significant impact on the outcome of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients aged 65 and older. The research found that complete hematologic response rates, cytogenetic response rates, and overall survival rates were similar between younger and older patients treated wit...
A study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that the cost of heart medications is a significant deterrent for patients with heart failure. Younger patients and women were more likely to skip or not take their prescribed drugs due to financial concerns.
A study found that genetic mutations leading to HIV/AIDS resistance in infants may develop from maternal antiretroviral drugs via breastfeeding. The authors suggest monitoring infants exposed to breast milk with low levels of ARVs and tailoring treatment accordingly.
A Phase II trial of Gleevec (imatinib) has shown acceptable safety and tolerability, with hints of efficacy in treating diffuse scleroderma. The drug improved skin scores by 22% and forced vital capacity scores by 6.4% after 12 months of therapy.
The FDA is considering new rules to speed up confirmatory trials of drugs granted accelerated approval, following a review that found six indications remained on the market without confirmation. The median time between accelerated and regular approval was 3.9 years, with some drugs remaining on the market for over 10 years.
Researchers found sitagliptin effective in preventing prediabetes from progressing to diabetes. The drug reduced glucose levels after meals and increased insulin output while decreasing glucagon levels.
A new study found that coronary artery calcium scanning helps patients make heart-healthy lifestyle changes and lower their heart disease risk factors. The scan also showed significant improvement in several risk factors, such as blood pressure and cholesterol levels, after four years.
A new clinical trial, sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, is testing whether rosuvastatin reduces the risk of recurrent colon cancer. The five-year study involves 1,740 patients and will determine if statins are effective in preventing colon cancer.
The Harry T. Mangurian, Jr., Foundation has awarded Mayo Clinic a $1 million gift to understand how Lewy body dementia develops, how to treat it more effectively, and how to diagnose it earlier. Researchers will use genetics, new drugs, and imaging techniques to advance knowledge about the disorder.
The use of fibrates has increased steadily in the United States over the past decade, driven by a strong preference for brand-name products. Despite negative trial results, fibrates are still prescribed in high numbers, despite uncertain clinical benefits.
Researchers examine if lowering blood pressure reduces kidney disease progression in a federally funded study. About half of the 100 patients will have their systolic pressure below 120 to measure its impact.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that coupling electronic prescription drug ordering systems with computerized adverse event reporting dramatically reduced medication errors in a psychiatric unit from 27.89 to 3.43 per 1,000 patient days over four years. The system's integration of decision support and safety net tools furth...
A study conducted in Sri Lanka found that a polypill, which combines multiple medications into one dose, was well-tolerated and accepted by both patients and doctors. The trial showed significant reductions in cardiovascular disease risk factors, including blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
A study found that injection of a bulking agent into the anal canal improved symptoms of faecal incontinence more than sham treatment. The treatment was shown to be safe with minimal adverse events.
A double-blind gene therapy trial has demonstrated safety and significant improvement in motor function for patients with Parkinson's disease. The study found that injecting the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) gene directly into the brain improved motor scores by 23.1% compared to a placebo group.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati have found that sirolimus stabilizes lung function in women with lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), a progressive and cystic lung disease. The Multicenter International LAM Efficacy of Sirolimus trial showed improved measures of functional performance, quality of life, and reduced VEGF-D levels.
A clinical trial is underway to evaluate the effectiveness of an all-natural lozenge containing green tea polyphenols and xylitol in treating dry mouth. The study aims to improve salivary gland function, reduce inflammation, and promote saliva production in patients with this condition.
A clinical trial found that adding omalizumab to standard therapy reduced asthma symptoms in children and young people with moderate to severe disease. The study showed a 25% reduction in days with symptoms and a 30% reduction in asthma attacks, as well as a significant decrease in hospitalizations.