Articles tagged with Drug Studies
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The CAPRISA 004 study demonstrated the effectiveness of tenofovir 1% gel in reducing HIV and herpes infection risk in women. The study showed a 39% reduction in HIV infections and 51% reduction in genital herpes infections compared to placebo.
A new clinical trial is being conducted to evaluate the safety of a promising HIV prevention gel, tenofovir gel, in pregnant and breastfeeding women. The study aims to provide critical information on the safety of using tenofovir gel during pregnancy and lactation.
A new study found that US Medicaid's Preferred Drug Lists vary widely from state to state, ignoring international guidelines for safe and effective medications. The WHO Essential Medicines List is not used as a basis for state lists, resulting in patients receiving more expensive and less effective treatments.
A multicenter pilot study found etanercept successfully weaned patients from steroid therapy, with no significant increase in adverse event rates. Larger studies are needed to investigate the safety and efficacy of etanercept for dermatomyositis treatment.
A peer-reviewed study involving over 3 million pharmacy patients found that Shellpak calendar blister packaging significantly improved prescription adherence behavior. The study showed a substantial cumulative public health benefit when broadly implemented, with improvements in refill persistence and full refill adherence.
The HORIZONS-AMI trial found that bivalirudin reduces all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality by 18% compared to heparin plus a GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor. Drug-eluting stents also show lower rates of ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization with equivalent safety.
A recent study presented at the American Society of Echocardiography conference supports the safety profile of GE Healthcare's diagnostic heart ultrasound contrast agent Optison. The study data confirm that Optison is safe for use in patients with certain medical conditions, providing further assurance of its efficacy and safety.
Opioid-related deaths are primarily caused by prescription drug harm in Utah, with methadone being responsible for one-third of deaths. Prescribing patterns and individual-level risk factors contribute to these deaths, emphasizing the need for structured care to minimize risks associated with opioid therapy.
A study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that using the Screening Tool of Older Persons' potentially inappropriate Prescriptions (STOPP) criteria was associated with a higher detection rate of adverse drug events (ADEs) compared to the Beers criteria. The researchers identified 329 ADEs in 158 patients, with 51.7% of th...
Researchers found type 2 diabetes increased the risk of recurrent stroke and cardiovascular events, while metabolic syndrome was not associated with these risks. Statin treatment reduced the risk in participants with type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome.
Recent study finds glaucoma medication spending has risen, especially among women and those with public health insurance and less education. The average expenditure per patient for glaucoma medication increased from $445 to $557 between 2001 and 2006.
Researchers discovered that on average, thirty mutations are transmitted from each parent to their child, revising previous estimations and revolutionizing the timescale used to calculate generations separating humans from other species. This finding has important implications for research tying specific genetic mutations to diseases.
A clinical trial at Michigan State University is testing the effectiveness of acetazolamide in reducing vision loss in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). The study aims to establish evidence-based treatment strategies and follow patients for up to four years to observe long-term treatment outcomes.
The PARTNER Trial found that catheter-based aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is as safe and effective as open surgery for patients at high risk for surgery, with similar one-year survival rates. TAVR also showed improved recovery times and reduced risk of complications compared to open heart surgery.
A study found that formoterol improves fat burning and protein metabolism in men, increasing metabolism by over 10% and fat oxidation by nearly 25%. The results suggest potential benefits for preventing obesity and muscle loss in humans.
A clinical trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine reveals that a vaccine combined with Interleukin-2 improves response rate and progression-free survival for patients with advanced melanoma. The vaccine stimulates the immune system to recognize and attack tumor cells, resulting in increased survival rates.
A BUSM study reveals gabapentin may cause anorgasmia in older men, a previously underreported side effect. The medication, commonly used for neuropathic pain and seizures, appears to be dose-dependent, with orgasm returning once dosage is reduced or stopped.
A recent study found that high out-of-pocket costs were a significant factor in the public's willingness to use PrEP, outweighing its effectiveness in preventing HIV infection. Participants expressed a desire for a 100% effective pill and reported concerns over sexual risk disinhibition and stigma associated with PrEP use.
Researchers have discovered a potential therapeutic strategy for Huntington's disease by targeting an enzyme in the brain. The study, published in Current Biology and Cell, found that inhibiting this enzyme can slow down neurodegeneration and improve symptoms.
A new slow-release compound, JM6, protects mice against neurodegenerative effects of Huntington's and Alzheimer's disease by increasing production of a neuroprotective compound. JM6 extends lifespan, improves motor coordination and preserves synapses in both models.
Researchers have identified a compound called JM6 that diminishes the effects of both diseases in animal models, preventing memory deficits and loss of synaptic connections. The compound works by inhibiting an enzyme linked to neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting a potential therapeutic breakthrough.
A study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that discussing end-of-life care preferences with patients and families before LVAD surgery can provide relief to families, ease subsequent medical care, and help clinicians address end-of-life decision-making effectively.
The first controlled clinical trial for Juvenile Batten disease begins this summer, enrolling 30 patients who will take mycophenolate or a placebo for eight weeks. Researchers hope to slow or halt disease progression with immunosuppression.
Researchers analyzed 35 highly-cited studies and found that fewer than half of biomarkers had statistically significant associations with disease risk in larger follow-up studies. Only one in five original studies increased a patient's relative risk for a condition by more than 1.37.
Researchers found threshold haemoglobin values below which mortality increased in a graded, continuous fashion. Haemoglobin levels are associated with increased risk of mortality in patients with angina or myocardial infarction.
A study published in JAMA found that highly cited studies on biomarkers often reported larger effect size estimates than subsequent meta-analyses, suggesting potential for false-positive results. This can lead to wasted resources and inaccurate risk appraisal if not addressed by conducting more evidence.
A study by Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry found that acupuncture significantly improved the overall health status of patients with unexplained symptoms. The treatment also led to reduced medication use and improved wellbeing, without affecting GP visits or clinical outcomes. Patients reported positive experiences with the ...
A new study by EULAR suggests that using placebo in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical trials can negatively impact patients. The study analyzed current study designs for new therapies and found that patients in the placebo group experienced no change in medication, forcing them to continue with their former ineffective treatment.
A recent study found that 91% of clinical trials with financial conflicts of interest reported positive outcomes, compared to 66.7% without FCOIs. Authors receiving consulting fees from industry had the strongest correlation with positive trial results.
The National Institutes of Health stopped a clinical trial studying the combination of high-dose niacin and statin treatment after 18 months, finding it did not reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. The trial involved 3,414 participants with heart disease and low HDL cholesterol, who were assigned to receive either high-dose niacin...
Neurologix presents 1-year data from its Phase 2 study of NLX-P101, a gene therapy for Parkinson's disease, showing sustained improvements in motor symptoms. Patients treated with NLX-P101 experienced highly clinically meaningful symptom improvements, with a mean 37% improvement after one year.
A new drug, terutroban, was found not to prevent second strokes or TIAs as effectively as aspirin in the PERFORM study. Aspirin's efficacy and cost-effectiveness make it the gold standard for secondary stroke prevention worldwide. The trial stopped early due to lack of evidence for terutroban's benefits.
A new study shows that abiraterone acetate, a life-extending pill for advanced prostate cancer, prolongs survival by about four months compared to placebo. The medication also reduces PSA blood levels in patients with the disease.
A four-in-one combination pill, containing aspirin and agents to lower blood pressure and cholesterol, has been shown to halve the predicted risk of heart disease and stroke. The trial tested 378 people with raised cardiovascular risk against a placebo.
A new clinical research study is comparing the effectiveness of two medications, quetiapine and lithium, in treating bipolar disorder. The study, funded by a $10 million grant from AHRQ, aims to improve long-term treatment for patients with bipolar disorder.
Two new studies by UCSF researchers found that nearly one in six visits to doctors' offices for asthma complaints resulted in antibiotic prescriptions. The findings highlight the need for pediatricians to prescribe antibiotics more judiciously to prevent drug resistance. Additionally, researchers are investigating whether targeted anti...
A study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that low-risk patients who underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) screening were more likely to receive medications and undergo additional testing. However, their cardiac event rates did not significantly differ from those who did not undergo screening.
Men with COPD who use inhaled anticholinergic drugs are at higher risk of developing urinary retention. Researchers found that this risk is significant in men who have used IACs for a month or less and those with enlarged prostate glands.
Researchers analyzed 119 clinical trials to determine the magnitude of placebo effect and no treatment effect on headache recovery rate. The study found a high overall recovery rate of 36% in 'no treatment' control groups.
A two-year study published in Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found that artificial disc replacement was comparable to fusion surgery in terms of outcomes, but showed individual patient advantages. Patients in the artificial disc group experienced less pain, reduced medication use, and higher satisfaction rates.
A new NIH-funded randomized clinical trial has found that aspirin and simvastatin do not provide benefits to patients with pulmonary artery hypertension. The study, which was conducted at four U.S. medical centers, enrolled 65 patients and showed no significant difference in six-minute walk distance between the treatment groups.
A simple fitness test can predict a person's risk of heart attack or stroke over the next decade or more. Middle-aged individuals who can run a mile quickly have a lower lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease.
Humanized BLT mice, created with human bone marrow, liver, and thymus tissues, have been shown to reproduce the design of a recent clinical study on topical microbicide tenofovir. The results demonstrate 88% protection against vaginal HIV transmission, warranting consideration for future testing in people.
A study published in JAMA found that both proton pump inhibitor therapy and laparoscopic antireflux surgery are effective in achieving long-term remission for most patients with GERD. At 5 years, estimated 92% of esomeprazole patients remained in remission, compared to 85% of laparoscopic surgery patients.
A study conducted at the University of Arizona found that only 28% of pharmacies' clinical decision support software correctly identified clinically significant drug-drug interactions. Pharmacists should be familiar with how their computer system identifies drug interactions to reduce medication errors.
Researchers found that clot-busting drugs did not improve survival rates and may even worsen outcomes in patients with stable blood pressure. The study suggests thrombolytic agents should not be recommended for patients with normal blood pressure, highlighting the need for further research.
A recent clinical trial found that nasal steroid sprays do not significantly improve symptoms of eustachian tube dysfunction. The study enrolled patients with either otitis media with effusion or negative middle ear pressure and randomly assigned them to receive either a steroid spray or a placebo.
Researchers analyzed patient data from over 44 million enrollees to find no link between ADHD medication use and increased risk of sudden death, heart attack, or stroke. The study suggests that ADHD drugs are safe from a cardiovascular perspective for children and adolescents.
Scientists have discovered that high levels of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) are associated with better long-term recovery after a stroke. The study found that patients who exercised more actively, with physiotherapy and physical exercise, demonstrated better recovery after a stroke.
A new study found that hydroxyurea significantly reduces pain and complications in young sickle cell anemia patients, including a decrease in chest syndrome and hospitalization. The treatment is safe and effective as a preventive measure for children as young as 9 months.
A major randomized clinical trial found that treating an HIV-infected individual can significantly reduce the risk of sexual transmission of HIV to an uninfected partner. The study, known as HPTN 052, demonstrated a 96% reduction in transmission when antiretroviral therapy was initiated early.
A study found that elderly patients can participate in clinical trials and benefit from chemotherapy if they are active, have less widespread cancer, and fewer symptoms. The 'FOCUS2' trial showed that reduced-dose chemotherapy is effective for frail and elderly patients with advanced colorectal cancer
A study published in PLoS ONE found that a shorter anogenital distance may indicate impaired testicular development and function. The research suggests that this non-invasive measurement could be used to evaluate patients with reduced reproductive potential, potentially linking gestational exposures to adult testicular function.
A study found that erythropoietin use in heart attack patients after PCI did not reduce infarct size and was associated with higher rates of adverse cardiovascular events. The REVEAL trial evaluated the safety and effect on infarct size of a single intravenous dose of recombinant human erythropoietin.
A3309, a new medication, targets bile acid recycling to promote bowel movements and relieve constipation symptoms. In a Phase II study, patients with constipation reported significantly less straining and softer stool after taking A3309.
A study found that less than half of patients with stable coronary heart disease receive optimal medical therapy before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and almost one-third do not receive it at discharge. The use of PCI did not show significant benefits over optimal medical therapy in patients with stable coronary artery disease.
A new study found that depression is a significant risk factor for poor medication adherence among patients with chronic illnesses like diabetes and heart disease. The researchers discovered that depressed patients had 76% greater odds of non-adherence compared to their non-depressed counterparts.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occurs in 20-51% of patients with an orthopaedic injury, hindering recovery and daily activities. Effective treatment includes therapy, medications, and prevention strategies to mitigate symptoms and improve outcomes.
Researchers found that estrogen-lowering drugs can shrink tumors and reduce mastectomy rates for patients with stage 2 or 3 breast cancer. Aromatase inhibitors, which block the production of estrogen, were shown to be effective in reducing tumor size and improving surgical outcomes.
A University of Gothenburg study found that high neuroticism and low conscientiousness can lead to lower medication adherence. In contrast, agreeableness is positively correlated with taking medication as prescribed. The researchers suggest different education and support approaches for patients with varying personality traits.