Articles tagged with Vaccination
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Researchers developed two somatostatin vaccinations that reduce body weight and increase energy expenditure in diet-induced obese male mice. The vaccines induce antibodies to somatostatin, effectively removing inhibition on growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have discovered a new vaccine candidate for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacterium that causes severe lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. The vaccine is based on a new mechanism of immunity mediated by T helper 17 (Th17) cells and has been shown to protect mice from lethal pneumonia.
Insufficient vaccination coverage, particularly in insecure regions, is preventing the elimination of polio in Pakistan and Afghanistan. A new study suggests that introducing bivalent oral poliovirus vaccines could eliminate polio if sufficient numbers of children are reached by vaccination programs.
Weill Cornell researchers develop a novel vaccine that protects mice against nicotine addiction, using the liver to continuously produce antibodies. The vaccine is designed to prevent nicotine chemicals from reaching the brain and heart, offering hope for smokers who struggle with addiction.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet report positive effects of an active vaccine, CAD106, against Alzheimer's disease. The study found that 80% of patients developed protective antibodies without side effects.
A Kaiser Permanente study of over 6,000 individuals found a low short-term risk of developing shingles recurrence among those with healthy immune systems. The study's findings suggest that the risk is low regardless of vaccination status.
A 1998 medical journal publication sparked concerns about an alleged link between the MMR vaccine and autism, leading to a decline in vaccination rates. The controversy persisted even after epidemiological studies refuted the claim. Research found that higher-educated mothers were less likely to vaccinate their children.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have been awarded a $5.9 million NIH grant to develop a new TB vaccine against multi-drug resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains. The approach is based on genetically altered Mycobacterium smegmatis, which can generate a robust immune response in animals.
Researchers have designed specialized proteins that assemble to form tiny molecular cages, which may be used for drug delivery or as artificial vaccines. The cages are hundreds of times smaller than a single cell and can be decorated with virus-identifying proteins to stimulate an immune response.
Researchers at U of A used 3-D magnetic resonance to map the structure of Candida, a deadly pathogen with a 40% mortality rate. This breakthrough could pave the way for an effective vaccine development.
Researchers at MIT have developed a device that delivers a variety of drugs through the skin without using needles, potentially improving patient compliance and reducing accidental needle-stick injuries. The device can be programmed to deliver different doses to varying depths, addressing limitations of existing jet-injection systems.
Researchers have successfully protected laboratory animals from lethal hantavirus disease using a DNA vaccine and duck eggs. The study demonstrates the feasibility of this novel approach, which could supplement or replace existing treatments for HPS.
Researchers at Mercer University are developing an oral vaccine that can be delivered in spherical bead-like particles to enhance innate immune recognition, offering a cost-effective alternative to current options. The vaccine aims to prevent meningitis and ovarian cancer recurrence by generating immunity against specific bacteria.
Researchers have found that a combination of vitamin D therapy and the BCG vaccine greatly improves bladder cancer survival in a mouse model, with 100% of mice surviving. The study aims to improve treatment outcomes for patients who do not respond to traditional BCG immunotherapy.
Researchers created an innovative biomimetic model of the human immune system called MIMIC®, enabling faster and more effective vaccine development. The MIMIC platform provides a novel in vitro model for evaluating human immune responses against candidate drugs, adjuvants, and vaccines.
A new bivalent recombinant vaccine has been shown to be safe and immunogenic in adolescents, inducing bactericidal antibodies against 90% of invasive meningococcus serogroup B strains. The vaccine's broad protection and high seroprotection rates suggest it may help reduce the global burden of invasive meningococcal disease.
The HPV vaccine completion rate among girls has dropped significantly since 2006, with only 38.2% completing the series within 365 days. Girls who receive the first dose from a gynecologist or obstetrician are more likely to complete the series.
Scientists from the University of Bonn found over 60 new paramyxovirus species in bats and rodents, revealing that bats are the original hosts of these viruses. The study suggests that bats may be a reservoir for dangerous viruses, making it challenging to eradicate them.
Global measles mortality decreased by 74% from 535,300 deaths in 2000 to 139,300 in 2010. Despite this progress, India and Africa remain major concerns due to low vaccine coverage. The authors suggest intensified control measures are needed to achieve mortality reduction targets.
A recent Vaccine Safety Datalink study found the shingles vaccine to be generally safe and well-tolerated in adults aged 50 and older, with a small increased risk of local reactions. The study also ruled out any increased risk for serious conditions such as cerebrovascular diseases or meningitis.
A Mayo Clinic expert and pediatrician refute three immunity-related misconceptions about vaccines, citing a recent review of 1,200 articles that found no autoimmune side effects. The experts also emphasize the risk of illness and death from under-vaccination, including whooping cough and measles.
The American College of Physicians recommends prioritizing funding for effective public health programs and investing in the nation's public health infrastructure. A strong public health infrastructure is essential for preparing for and responding to public health emergencies.
Scientists developed a passive vaccine that reversed cocaine overdose symptoms in laboratory mice, showing promise as a potential antidote. The vaccine uses pre-formed human antibodies against cocaine, binding to circulating molecules and preventing brain damage.
A new brain cancer vaccine tailored to individual patients has proven effective in a multicenter phase 2 clinical trial, extending their lives by several months. The vaccine combined with the drug Avastin showed promise in treating recurrent glioblastoma multiforme, a type of brain cancer that kills thousands of Americans every year.
Rotavirus causes severe diarrhea in babies worldwide, resulting in over 450,000 deaths annually. Canada should ensure all infants are vaccinated and support GAVI funding to sustain the vaccine's sustainability.
A new model based on game theory and social learning can predict the patterns of vaccine scares, explaining why vaccine uptake takes time to recover after a scare. The model highlights the interplay between disease dynamics and vaccination behavior, suggesting that herd immunity can lead to complacency among unvaccinated individuals.
A new vaccine developed by Inserm researchers reduces both hypersensitivity to allergens and inflammatory response in asthmatic mice. The vaccine is based on DNA sequences of the allergenic substance Derf1 and has shown promising results in animal studies.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that younger girls are more likely to report side effects after receiving the HPV vaccine, but these side effects are generally non-serious. The study suggests that educating young girls and their parents about what to expect from the vaccine can help alleviate fears and improve vaccination rates.
A study by Kaiser Permanente found no increased risk of febrile seizures among 4-6 year olds after measles-containing vaccine administration. The research analyzed over 86,750 children and found that separate MMR plus V vaccines also did not increase the risk of febrile seizures in this age group.
A proactive solution could help prevent injuries by restricting driving privileges under favourable conditions. Exemptions would be granted for certified healthy seniors, shifting the onus from others to seek exemptions.
Researchers identified a rare immune cell's role in antibody production and 'memory' of infectious agents, crucial for vaccine development and potential treatment of immune disorders. T follicular helper cells can remember past infections, enabling rapid responses to future attacks.
Researchers are developing vaccines and monoclonal antibodies to combat atherosclerosis, targeting the underlying cause of cardiovascular disease. Phase 2a trials for these treatments are underway, with promising results showing reduced inflammation and plaque severity.
The BRICS nations are injecting new resources and momentum into global health efforts, challenging traditional donor approaches with innovative models of cooperation. The GHSi report highlights the significant contributions of BRICS countries to multilateral health initiatives and their emphasis on South-South partnership.
A vaccine targeting Campylobacter in chickens could drastically reduce food-borne illness cases, saving the UK economy millions annually. The leading cause of food-borne illness, responsible for 30% of cases in the UK, is found in the gut of many animals, including chickens.
A new genotype of the Bordetella pertussis bacterium has been identified as responsible for a sharp rise in whooping cough cases in Australia. The strain is believed to be evading the current acellular vaccine's protective effects, leading to an increase in life-threatening respiratory illness.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding how to treat the lethal norovirus, which causes severe gastroenteritis. The study reveals that antibodies can bind to the virus's unique structure, potentially leading to the development of more effective vaccines and treatments.
Scientists have made significant progress in building knowledge and infrastructure to develop novel tuberculosis vaccine candidates. The next decade of research will focus on investigating remaining fundamental questions and leveraging recent innovations in systems biology, genomics, and bioinformatics.
Researchers and experts call for intensified global collaboration to develop effective new vaccines against tuberculosis. The blueprint outlines a path forward to create more effective, safe vaccines that can protect people from childhood TB, pulmonary TB, and latent TB.
The Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI) has received a $1 million grant from RHSC to develop an effective diagnostic tool and vaccine for leprosy. Current approaches are insufficient to eliminate the disease as a public health problem, with 1.6 billion people at risk of exposure.
Cystic fibrosis patients are vulnerable to Pseudomonas infection, which can be deadly. Researchers at Queen's University are working on a vaccine to combat this threat.
Researchers found that resident memory T cells in the skin, called TREMs, provide a powerful and effective immune response against infection. This new understanding challenges immunological dogma and suggests a more effective path to immunity through delivering vaccines to upper layers of the skin.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have discovered a protein, TMED7, that can shut down part of the immune system after an infection has been cleared. This finding could lead to new ways to prevent over-activation of the immune system in diseases.
Researchers at UGA have developed an animal vaccine that could slow the deadly spread of Chagas disease, which affects millions in Central and South America. The vaccine uses a genetically modified parasite that induces a strong immune response without replicating inside the host.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have developed a new vaccine to treat cancer by manipulating the immune response. The vaccine, which has shown high effectiveness in pre-clinical trials, overcomes obstacles that have hindered previous cancer vaccines.
A Kaiser Permanente study of 190,000 girls and women found no increase in autoimmune conditions such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis after receiving the quadrivalent HPV vaccine. The study tracked results from 2006-2008 and employed methods to ensure accuracy and compare vaccinated versus unvaccinated groups.
A study found that children exposed to perfluorinated compounds, commonly used in food packaging, had lower antibody responses to routine childhood immunizations. The most common PFCs, such as PFOS and PFOA, were associated with decreased antibody concentrations, indicating potential immune system deficits.
Research published in the Archives of Disease in Childhood found that vaccination-induced anaphylactic shock is extremely rare. In a study of children under 16 in the UK and Ireland who were suspected of experiencing anaphylaxis after vaccination between 2008 and 2009, only seven cases were confirmed, resulting in no fatalities.
A population-based surveillance system has been set up to assess the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) on invasive pneumococcal disease and radiological pneumonia in children in The Gambia. Evidence of sustained reduction in these diseases due to PCVs is crucial for vaccine introduction and ongoing use.
A new anthrax capsule vaccine protects monkeys from lethal infection, offering a non-toxin alternative to current vaccines. The vaccine works by inducing anti-capsule antibody responses and is expected to be effective against vaccine-resistant strains of anthrax.
A new US study confirms that updated rotavirus vaccines do not increase the occurrence of severe bowel obstruction, a potentially fatal side effect. The re-introduction of these vaccines has been credited with reducing diarrhea-related hospitalizations among children.
A team of scientists from Boston University School of Medicine has identified a novel compound that inhibits viruses from replicating, including poxviruses such as Monkeypox. The compound works by inactivating an essential piece of virus machinery, preventing the virus from amplifying itself.
Researchers at Penn Medicine discovered that B cells can produce unequal daughter cells through a process involving helper T cells and specific proteins. This finding may explain how lifelong antibodies are generated after vaccination, and could also shed light on the development of cancerous blood cells like leukemia.
Researchers developed a new TB vaccine H56 that reduces clinical disease and prevents reactivation of latent infection when combined with BCG, a current but ineffective vaccine. This breakthrough could lead to improved protection against TB.
Despite significant progress, polio eradication remains complex due to asymptomatic infections and vaccine limitations. Experts emphasize the need for further research on virus-host interactions and vaccine usage in the final stages of the program.
Researchers create a glycoconjugate vaccine prototype that is 100 times more effective than traditional vaccines due to its recognition of carbohydrate-specific T-cells. The breakthrough may lead to better vaccines for high-risk populations and more effective treatments for various diseases.
Researchers have identified an antibody that neutralizes Sudan virus, one of the most deadly human pathogens caused by ebolavirus. The new findings suggest a key spot for neutralizing ebolaviruses, which could lead to the development of effective vaccines and antibody-based therapies.
Researchers found that mice with high amyloid burden experienced significant brain inflammation after receiving the vaccine, while those with lower amyloid burdens showed a significant benefit. The study suggests that vaccines may work best for patients with early disease and lower amyloid burden.
A vaccine seroepidemiology surveillance system would help track vaccine coverage, identify trends, and predict outbreaks in Canada. This system is crucial for informing vaccine policy and improving the country's immunization programs.
A recombinant poxviral vaccine has shown positive responses in both metastatic breast cancer and ovarian cancer, with median overall survival ranging from 13.7 months to 15 months. The treatment led to clinical responses in some patients and mild injection-site reactions as the most common side effect.
Two Penn physicians propose incorporating narrative into evidence-based medicine to translate medical science to the public, combating disproven theories and fear-based appeals. They suggest using counternarratives and personal stories to unmask hidden work of researchers and guidelines committees.