Articles tagged with Bacterial Infections
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E. coli bacteria undergo four distinct developmental stages during UTIs, including a quiescent state that may create reservoirs for recurrent infections. Researchers hope to use these stages as guides for new drug development.
Linezolid has been shown to be effective in treating diabetic foot infections with a clinical cure rate of 81%. The drug can be given orally or intravenously, making it suitable for outpatient use. This approval may reduce hospitalizations and IV-related complications among patients with diabetic foot infections.
A study found that 70% of intensive care patients were colonized with bacteria from other patients in the unit. The researchers identified multiple strains of Staphylococcus bacteria that were resistant to various antibiotics, highlighting the need for improved infection control and antibiotic use guidelines.
Researchers found that a gene mutation led to a more deadly strain of tuberculosis, which spread rapidly in mice and caused increased bacterial load in organs. The mutated bacteria were able to evade the host's immune system, leading to severe infection and death.
Researchers from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute are using a $5 million grant to study Wolbachia, a bacterium that affects insect reproduction and evolution. The team will collect insects in Panama and use molecular tools to identify Wolbachia strains and understand their effects on host organisms.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have discovered a new pathway, LRG-47, that can disarm TB and prevent its replication in mice. Strengthening this defense could lead to new treatments for latent TB infections, which affect an estimated 10 to 15 million people in the US.
The University of Minnesota is sequencing the Medicago legume genome with a $10.8 million NSF grant, led by Professor Nevin Young. The goal is to understand nitrogen fixation and health-promoting compounds in legumes.
Nonprescription contact lenses can cause permanent damage, infection and scarring due to ill-fitting design and lack of monitoring by medical professionals. Cosmetic contact lenses sold over-the-counter without a doctor's prescription increase the risk of corneal ulcers and eye infections.
The study found ZYVOX had better cure rates (94.4% vs 90.4%) and shorter IV treatment duration (2 days vs 9.1 days) for patients treated with ZYVOX compared to vancomycin. Additionally, ZYVOX reduced hospital length of stay by a mean of 2.4 days.
Researchers at UCSD have identified chemicals that can protect cells from the effects of the toxin, raising hope for a novel treatment for Pseudomonas infections. The study found that ExoU toxin kills cells by targeting cell membrane phospholipids, but alternative treatments may be possible.
A randomized trial found that selective use of antibiotic decontamination (SDD) significantly reduced ICU deaths by 15% and overall hospital deaths by 24%, as well as infection rates with antibiotic-resistant bacteria by 16%. The study advocates for the use of SDD in patients on mechanical ventilation or in ICUs with low prevalence of ...
A randomized trial found that surgical decontamination (SDD) significantly reduces mortality in ICU patients by lowering antibiotic-resistant bacteria infections. SDD is recommended for patients on mechanical ventilation or in ICUs with low vancomycin-resistant enterococcus and meticillin-resistant S aureus prevalence.
Researchers at UVa and Rockefeller University found that SipA, a Salmonella protein, tethers to actin, allowing bacteria to infect cells. The study's findings may lead to the development of new treatments against severe infections.
Studies presented at ICAAC reveal significant clinical outcomes, resource utilization, and infection-associated costs of Staph aureus bacteremia among hemodialysis-dependent patients. The infections are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, underscoring the need for a vaccine to prevent these infections.
Researchers at UCSD have identified two peptide sequences that bind to abnormal beta-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease. The peptides may be used for diagnostic tests or coupled with molecules to inhibit plaque toxicity, making them a promising new approach to the disease.
Researchers identified 80 genes in the blood-brain barrier activated by Group B Streptococcus, a leading cause of bacterial meningitis. These genes triggered an immune response by mobilizing neutrophils to combat infection.
Researchers found an 84% reduction in preterm births among pregnant women with periodontitis who received scaling and root planing therapy. The study suggests that periodontal disease may increase the risk of premature delivery, highlighting the importance of regular dental exams for pregnant women.
Kende has won the Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award for his work on rearrangement reactions, including discovering how dioxins relate to their toxic effects. He also recreated autoinducers, chemical signals that activate bacteria's growth or attack on the body.
The sequenced genome of Pseudomonas syringae provides a blueprint for understanding its virulence and pathogenesis, shedding light on the complex mechanisms behind bacterial disease
The sequencing of Pseudomonas syringae genome will help scientists understand how bacteria adapt to host organisms, enabling the development of new therapies. The genome also reveals commonalities between plant and animal pathogens.
A recent study found that nearly 10% of female Army recruits tested positive for chlamydia, with rates increasing over time, highlighting the need for regular screenings and treatments to prevent long-term health consequences like pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility.
A large study of nearly 7,000 American adults found that higher vitamin C levels were associated with a lower prevalence of H. pylori infection. The researchers suggest that adequate vitamin C intake may reduce the risk of peptic ulcers and stomach cancer, although more research is needed to confirm this association.
Researchers discovered Trif, a critical transducer protein in the innate immune system, which mediates signals from both bacterial and viral infections. The protein's role sparks inflammation, making it an attractive target for drugs designed to combat runaway inflammation characteristic of infectious diseases.
Research found that salicylic acid in aspirin disrupts the stress system of S. aureus bacteria, reducing its ability to cause infection and adhere to host tissue. This finding offers hope for treating sepsis, a blood poisoning disease responsible for 750,000 US deaths annually.
Treatment with salicylic acid (SAL) induces activation of the S. aureus stress response gene sigB, downregulating virulence factors and reducing ability to adhere to host cells. This finding represents a new prospect for using aspirin as an adjunct therapy to combat Staphylococcus aureus infections.
A team of experts envisions an intelligent implant that can detect debilitating bacterial infections early, identify the bacteria responsible, and provide targeted therapy. The project aims to develop a prototype within seven years, with technology advancements expected to overcome technical hurdles.
Researchers discovered that friendly bacteria and human hormones send cellular signals alerting E. coli to its location, leading to colonization and toxin release. Beta blockers may be developed to block this signaling system, preventing the bacteria from reaching the intestine.
A comprehensive study reveals that factors such as adhesion, invasion, and translocation determine the degree of illness from Listeria monocytogenes. Understanding these mechanisms could lead to the development of vaccines to prevent food poisoning.
Early-onset group B streptococcal (EOGBS) infection affects one in 1000 newborns, but diagnostic tests often yield false-negative results. A new study suggests that active surveillance and alternative diagnostic methods could improve accurate diagnosis and prevention of this potentially deadly disease.
Researchers have isolated a potent antifungal compound from the common seaweed species Lobophora variegata, revealing an unusual chemical structure. This discovery presents new insights into ecological interactions between marine organisms and offers possibilities for biomedical applications.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that listeriosis cases are more likely to occur in clusters, which can help identify the source of contamination. This new understanding has the potential to prevent outbreaks and save lives.
Researchers found green tea extract from tea bags is more effective than loose tea against human pathogenic viruses. Caffeinated green and black teas also outperform decaffeinated versions as anti-viral agents.
Research found that two proteins, IL-1 and TNF-alpha, work together to overcome pneumonia. Inhibiting one protein can lead to death in mice with bacterial pneumonia. Cytokines play a crucial role in the immune response by recruiting white blood cells to fight invading bacteria.
Researchers have identified a gene variant, Trl-4, that controls Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth in the lung, which may lead to innovative prevention and treatment strategies. The discovery sheds light on why some infected individuals are able to fight off the infection while others succumb to the disease.
A team of researchers has developed a new method to prevent urinary catheter infections, which affects millions worldwide. By using a mild triclosan solution to inflate the balloon holding the catheter, they have successfully eliminated bacterial growth and blockages, offering a promising solution to this long-standing problem.
Researchers at Cardiff University discovered that inflating urinary catheters with a solution of triclosan inhibits the formation of crystalline biofilm, preventing blockages. The method could have practical applications in controlling catheter encrustation and treating urinary tract infections.
A new study by The Institute for Genomic Research found close similarity among the DNA sequences of Chlamydiae pathogens, including C. trachomatis, C. pneumoniae, and C. muridarum, which cause human diseases such as blindness and pneumonia. Nearly 800 genes discovered in C. caviae were also found in these other bacteria.
Researchers have created a two-sided coating with sticky and repellant properties to prevent bacterial contamination on medical implants. The new compound could potentially last permanently and be used in various implant surfaces, including tooth coatings and boat hulls.
A study found that women with bacterial vaginosis or abnormal vaginal flora had a higher risk of late miscarriage and spontaneous preterm delivery. Treating these conditions with antibiotics may reduce this risk, with the number of women needed to be treated calculated at around ten.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that an anti-flu-virus drug can protect against pneumonia by blocking the activity of flu virus enzyme neuraminidase. This protection reduces illness and incidence of death from subsequent infection by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria.
A recent study suggests that bacterial infections can modify the allergic response, potentially preventing asthma and allergies in children. The research found that mice infected with M. pneumoniae showed a milder reaction to allergens than control mice.
A study found that many doctors' offices struggled to consistently obtain enough Prevnar vaccine, with over half reporting they had run out completely in the past year. The nation's 'patchwork' system of vaccination, driven by varying state practices and private insurance, contributed to these inconsistencies.
A new treatment, interleukin-11 (IL-11), has shown early promise in reducing the risk of infection in patients undergoing chemotherapy for blood cancer. Patients who received IL-11 experienced significantly fewer cases of bacterial infections compared to those who received a placebo.
A recent study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that medical devices used in procedures like bronchoalveolar lavage can pose a risk of contamination, leading to infections and even fatalities. The study suggests implementing federal standards for recall notices sent to physicians who use the devices.
Research suggests that honey's antibacterial properties can inhibit a range of strains, including MRSA, VSE, and VRE. This study indicates a possible role for honey in the treatment of wounds colonised by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Researchers identified key genes and metabolic pathways to differentiate the bacterium from related species, shedding light on its unique biology and slow growth rate.
Researchers discover two compounds that inhibit parathyroid hormone-related protein production in human breast cancer cells, reducing metastatic bone breakdown and calcium levels. The findings suggest a novel therapeutic approach to treating bone metastasis and hypercalcemia in breast cancer patients.
The study reveals the role of Map in promoting S. aureus persistence and survival in infected mice by interfering with T cell function. Researchers warn that the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains poses a significant threat to public health.
Researchers reveal the role of chaperone proteins in fiber assembly, leading to potential breakthroughs in treating urinary tract infections. The study provides insight into how disease-causing bacteria build and secrete proteins that enable them to cause disease.
Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute report that antibodies can kill bacteria through the production of hydrogen peroxide, which also leads to the formation of ozone. This discovery opens up possibilities for new antibody-mediated therapies for conditions ranging from bacterial and viral infections to cancer.
Researchers develop technology to characterize unknown bacteria, helping astronauts stay healthy in space. The system predicts bacteria's source and identifies potential infection risks.
Quorum sensing allows bacteria to coordinate unified attacks on hosts through the production of virulence factors. Disrupting quorum sensing might be used to control infection. Other reviews discuss athogenesis of coagulase-negative staphylococci, Q fever in children, and testosterone therapy in HIV wasting syndrome.
A new study finds that linezolid is as effective as vancomycin in treating infants and children with gram-positive infections, providing a valuable treatment option for this age group. The antibiotic is particularly promising for community-acquired MRSA infections, which are becoming increasingly difficult to manage.
A large-scale clinical trial found that patients treated with the two-drug regimen had a much higher rate of major liver injury compared to those taking isoniazid. The study confirms CDC recommendations for frequent monitoring of patients, highlighting the importance of laboratory testing to detect early liver injury.
A new study suggests that antibiotics are not always beneficial for childhood ear infections, with some cases clearing up on their own. The review also found that giving children a flu shot can reduce the likelihood of otitis by 30 percent during flu season.
Otitis media is a common childhood infection with rising antibiotic resistance; the Lancet Infectious Diseases review calls for targeted larval mosquito strategies. A systematic review of over 5000 women also finds that cheap spermicide gels are ineffective in reducing HIV-1 and other STIs.
Researchers tested clay to treat harmful algal blooms (HABs), removing 80-90% of toxins in laboratory experiments. The study also found Pfiestera piscicida, a bacterium affecting fish, may be widespread in oceans and sea bass.
A recent UCSF-led study found that fluoroquinolones were widely prescribed to patients discharged from the hospital despite narrow-spectrum antibiotics being appropriate. The study highlights the serious erosion of effectiveness due to overuse and increasing bacterial resistance, particularly in cystic fibrosis patients.
Researchers have discovered a new viral structure that suggests a continuum in the evolution of viruses, revealing similarities between PRD1 and human adenoviruses. The findings provide insights into the evolutionary path taken by families of viruses and may lead to the development of new therapies for certain infections.
Scientists have found tiny bugs living inside mealybugs, which could aid in pest control efforts. The discovery also reveals a complex relationship between the insects and their bacteria, potentially leading to new methods of species identification.