Articles tagged with Bacterial Infections
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Research suggests a common viral lineage among viruses infecting hosts from all three domains of life, based on structural similarities in their coats. The study found that these similarities may point to sites of enzymatic activity that could be targeted with anti-viral drugs.
The Global Pertussis Initiative recommends introducing universal adolescent vaccination programs and vaccinating certain target groups to enhance immunity. Adolescents are at risk of contracting whooping cough if they don't receive booster shots, making them a key population for vaccination.
Researchers at UCSB discovered a key mechanism by which E. coli bacteria adhere to the urinary tract. The finding sheds light on the mechanisms driving urinary tract infections, allowing for potential new treatments and survival strategies under stressful conditions.
Researchers at the University of Iowa found that bacteria in biofilms rapidly diversify, providing a form of biological insurance against adverse conditions. This diversity increases the bacteria's capabilities and may contribute to the difficulty in eradicating chronic infections caused by biofilms.
In a breakthrough discovery, Stanford researchers have found that mast cells can provide protection from sepsis by destroying a molecule that contributes to the pathology and death associated with this bacterial infection. The study reveals a new role for mast cells in limiting damage caused by endothelin-1.
Researchers have identified a new protein structure in E. coli that helps understand how the bacteria attach to human kidney cells and secrete an adhesive protein. The discovery could lead to new treatments for urinary tract infections and other related diseases.
The NIH awarded Indiana University a $7 million grant to establish the Midwest Sexually Transmitted Infections and Topical Microbicides Cooperative Research Center. The center will focus on researching epidemiology, acquisition, prevention, and pathogenesis of sexually transmitted infections in young women.
A study found that 10% of college football players had MRSA skin infections, with cosmetic body shaving increasing the risk by 43%. The researchers recommend discontinuing body shaving to decrease infection risk. Proper disinfection of whirlpools and antibacterial soap dispensers in showers can also help control MRSA spread.
A study found that women treated with clindamycin for bacterial vaginosis experienced more frequent increases in E. coli concentrations and higher rates of clindamycin-resistant bacteria compared to those treated with metronidazole. In contrast, metronidazole therapy resulted in increased colonization by protective Lactobacillus species.
A study of 2,279 patients found that hand washing was a key factor in preventing MRSA infections. Patients who received antibiotics were more likely to be infected with MRSA due to unclean hands among healthcare workers.
Paratek Pharmaceuticals has demonstrated disease protection in preclinical studies using non-antibacterial tetracycline compounds, which have no detectable antibacterial activity. These compounds show efficacy comparable to minocycline in reducing limb paralysis in the EAE model of MS.
Researchers identify Photorhabdus asymbiotica, a bioluminescent bacterium that causes pustulent sores and is linked to the plague. The study highlights the potential for emerging diseases to evolve from insect pathogens.
Researchers have found that Mycobacterium tuberculosis recruits more macrophages to granulomas despite the host's defense mechanisms, suggesting a new strategy in mycobacterial infection. The study used zebrafish embryos to visualize cell recruitment into granulomas and identified the RD1 genetic region as crucial for virulence.
Scientists have identified 313 up-regulated and 207 down-regulated E.coli genes in mouse urine, revealing new insights into bacterial growth and virulence factors. The study provides valuable information on growing conditions and could lead to more effective treatments for urinary tract infections.
The Infectious Diseases Society of America states that endocarditis and meningitis are better treated with bactericidal drugs, while urinary tract infections can be effectively managed with bacteriostatic drugs. Corticosteroids are recommended for bacterial meningitis to prevent inflammation.
A survey of 606 recurrent chronic sinusitis or bronchitis sufferers found that nearly a quarter reported missing three or more days of work due to their illness. Antibiotics were associated with faster recovery times compared to over-the-counter medicines, particularly for symptoms lasting one to two days.
A study found that nearly a quarter of weight loss surgery patients tested positive for H pylori, and 48% experienced significant upper GI symptoms. Treatment for these patients was recommended to alleviate postoperative foregut symptoms.
A study of US patients treated with ZYVOX for complicated skin infections caused by MRSA found significantly better clinical cure rates (92% vs. 86%) and reduced healthcare costs ($652 per patient). The treatment's oral option also facilitated earlier discharge, contributing to cost savings.
Researchers discovered that the HMW1B protein forms a tetramer structure, unlike previously thought monomers, which creates an active pore for substance movement across cell membranes. This finding may lead to new targets for drugs to treat H. influenzae infection.
Researchers at UCLA have discovered a new mechanism in bacteriophages that allows them to rapidly evolve new variants to target bacterial resistance. This discovery has the potential to create
Researchers found that bacteriophages can rapidly evolve new variants to target resistant bacteria, opening up possibilities for developing dynamic anti-microbial agents. The discovery could provide a renewable resource of smart antibiotics for treating bacterial diseases.
A new study by the European Union shows that group A streptococci (GAS) infections are more common than previously thought, with an estimated 18-20,000 cases per year across the EU. The study also reveals a higher number of different bacterial types, with nearly 200 types currently identified, and potential antibiotic resistance issues.
A study of 13,271 Salmonella infection cases in Sweden found that 87% were contracted abroad, with most coming from Spain, Greece, and Turkey. The number of diagnoses for a rare type of Salmonella Enteritidis increased dramatically among visitors to Greece in 2001.
Matthew Bottomley, a researcher at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, has won the 2004 EMBO Science Writing Prize for his captivating article on bioluminescent squid. The prize of 1,500 Euro will be presented to him at the EMBO Members Meeting in October this year.
Researchers discovered that streptokinase, an enzyme produced by Streptococcus, enables its infection in humans while showing minimal activity against other mammals. The study creates a transgenic mouse model for studying human-specific microbes.
Researchers discovered that Streptococcal bacteria use an enzyme called streptokinase to block the human blood clotting response and spread within the body. The study found that subtle variations in plasminogen genes may explain why some people are more susceptible to strep infections.
Researchers at Purdue University have created a movie of the T4 virus infection process, revealing conformational changes in the baseplate that enable scientists to visualize the infection process. This improved understanding could lead to deeper insights into viral behavior and potential gene therapy techniques for human patients.
A phase 1 vaccine trial has demonstrated that a group A streptococcal vaccine appears safe and well-tolerated, inducing immune responses capable of conferring protection against multiple strains. The study's findings suggest that a specific dose and schedule may be effective in preventing group A streptococcal infections.
A new study provides detailed insights into the genetic diversity of Group A Streptococcus (GAS) strains, revealing why some rapidly expand to cause epidemics. The research reveals previously unknown genetic distinctions in M3 strains of GAS.
Neglected diseases, such as onchocerciasis and Chagas' disease, can be controlled with cost-effective interventions. Investing in these efforts could bring long-lasting benefits and reduce morbidity, particularly for children, if done efficiently from Global Fund resources.
The American College of Physicians shares tips on safe air travel for heart patients, the efficacy of antibiotics in treating Gulf War illnesses, and the impact of living wills on hospital deaths. The ACP also introduces a nine-item pretravel checklist for cardiovascular disease.
Biologists at UCSD have discovered a natural defense mechanism in animal cells to ward off certain types of bacteria that secrete toxins. The discovery could lead to the development of new treatments for bacterial diseases such as pneumonia and strep throat.
A call has been made to invest in preventing 'neglected diseases' such as onchocerciasis and Chagas' disease, which can be controlled or eliminated with proven interventions. Investing a fraction of the annual requirements of the Global Fund could bring long-lasting benefits for millions of people.
Researchers recommend using RIP, a new compound that inhibits bacterial virulence and prevents infection-causing toxins. The discovery has the potential to protect hospitalized patients from deadly staph infections.
A multi-state E coli outbreak has been linked to fast-food beef tacos, with inspectors finding a flaw in only one restaurant's meat handling. Potential solutions include a new tracking system and increased monitoring of patients for symptoms such as bloody diarrhea.
Patients with diabetes, females over 70, or obesity are more likely to develop postoperative mediastinitis caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Identifying these risk factors enables the design of preventive strategies.
Researchers from Duke University Medical Center used a common worm as a model to identify specific genes within Salmonella that enable the bacteria to infect host cells. The study found four genes required for maximum potency in infecting the worm, which are also present in human mammals.
Researchers created a virtual model of the human immune system to study M. tuberculosis, a bacterium that causes TB. The computer model revealed key findings on granuloma formation and the immune response, shedding light on why some people fight off infection while others get sick.
Researchers identified six Lactobacillus strains capable of binding to the HIV envelope, inhibiting infection and potentially blocking transmission. The bacteria also bound to immune cells, causing them to clump and immobilize any infected cells.
Researchers used naturally occurring bacteriophage to treat chickens infected with campylobacter, resulting in a significant reduction of bacteria. The effectiveness of the treatment depended on the specific bacteriophage and dose administered.
A new study by the American Society for Microbiology reveals that white tea extract is more effective than green tea at inactivating bacterial viruses and has an anti-fungal effect on certain fungi. The addition of white tea to toothpastes enhances their anti-microbial properties.
A study led by Russell G. Postier found that tigecycline produced a 74 percent cure rate for hospitalized patients with complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI), demonstrating promising efficacy against a wide spectrum of bacteria. The antibiotic's safety profile was also acceptable.
A new protein form, liCTLA-4, found to inhibit T cell responses and reduce activation. Increased expression of liCTLA-4 in resistant mice strains suggests its role in preventing T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes.
A new study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation has identified an antagonistic antibody that can prevent sepsis by blocking toll-like receptor 2-driven shock-like syndromes. The discovery offers new hope for combating this deadly condition.
A recent study found that requiring hospital gowns in intensive care units (ICUs) can save hospitals over $400,000 in annual costs associated with the spread of drug-resistant bacteria. The analysis, conducted over two-and-a-half years, also showed that gowns can provide a net benefit in terms of infection control.
Weinstein is recognized for his landmark articles on laboratory detection of bacterial and fungal infections, as well as his contributions to clinical decision-making in infectious disease medicine. He has also served on editorial boards of several journals and holds prestigious fellowships.
A recent study suggests that mycoplasma bacterial infections may cause or exacerbate asthma attacks in children. The research found that nearly half of children experiencing their first asthma attack were infected with mycoplasma. Testing for mycoplasma infection in asthmatic children could help prevent future attacks.
A study suggests that regular doses of cranberry juice or tablets can reduce the risk of female urinary tract infections (UTIs) by up to 50% in sexually active adult women. Cranberry juice's effectiveness in treating existing UTI cases is still unknown, but it offers a potential natural alternative to antibiotics.
A 1999 outbreak of furunculosis in rural Alaska identified individuals with MRSA who received more antibiotics, highlighting a link between antibiotic use and increased risk of skin infections. The study found that Panton-Valentine leukocidin virulence factor was present in nearly all methicillin-resistant isolates.
A study by Ferreri et al. found Chlamydia psittaci DNA in 80% of ocular adnexal lymphoma samples, suggesting a potential role in the disease's development. No association was found with C. trachomatis or C. pneumoniae.
Players suffered from infections by Aeromonas hydrophila after playing in mud prepared with stagnant river water. Organizers advised precautions to protect players against infection, including using treated water and disinfectants.
Case researchers substantiated a bacterial link to preterm birth through mouse studies, finding that Fusobacterium nucleatum from the mouth can reach the sterile womb environment. Periodontal disease and pregnancy compromise the immune system, allowing bacteria to target the placenta.
Researchers have successfully tested a new plague vaccine in a real-world mouse model, showing promising results. The vaccine was tested in a natural transmission setting, where infected fleas fed on vaccinated mice, and showed protection against the disease.
A new dental caries vaccine is being proposed as a crucial tool to prevent the spread of tooth decay, particularly in vulnerable populations. The symposium emphasizes the vaccine's potential to combat the disease and its impact on public health.
Chlorine dioxide-infused gloves can destroy various microorganisms, including E. coli and salmonella, reducing transmission risks in medical and food industries. The technology has potential applications beyond gloves and hands, including preventing infections in vulnerable patients.
A new study confirms that vaccinating children effectively reduces invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in both young and older children, as well as adults. The vaccine has been shown to significantly decrease IPD rates by 94% in children aged 2-23 months.
A new clinical study examines whether restoring good bacteria in intensive-care patients can help prevent infections. The study, led by Dr. Robert G. Martindale, aims to enroll 400 patients and assess the effectiveness of probiotics in reducing infections.
Patients from lower socio-economic backgrounds are at a higher risk of developing postoperative MRSA infections. The study found that patients from the most deprived areas had a seven-fold higher infection rate than those from the least deprived areas.
A study by UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers found that draining a skin or soft-tissue abscess and packing the wound with gauze is an effective therapy for simple skin abscesses in children, potentially reducing the need for antibiotics. The treatment was shown to be effective even when treating methicillin-resistant Staphyloc...
A blood test measuring procalcitonin levels can guide antibiotic treatment for lower respiratory tract infections, reducing unnecessary use and promoting more targeted therapy. The study found that withholding antibiotics based on procalcitonin thresholds did not compromise health outcomes in patients with viral infections.