Articles tagged with Blood Cancer
Researchers have discovered that high doses of cyclophosphamide can selectively kill reactive immune cells, reducing the severity of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in patients. This breakthrough has paved the way for the use of mismatched donors in stem cell transplantation, improving access to treatment for many patients.
A study of 3879 patients found that 3.6% developed venous thromboembolism within a month, increasing to 4.7% at 2 months and 5.4% at 3 months. Most VTE events occurred after hospital discharge, and the study identified no strong predictive factors for the condition.
Researchers have discovered a key protein that drives blood cancer development and may prevent it with MCL-1 inhibitors. Seventy percent of human cancers have abnormally high levels of MYC, which forces cells into rapid growth.
The ORFeome Collaboration has created a comprehensive library of open-reading frames, comprising 17,154 clones that code for full-length proteins. This resource allows researchers to express virtually any cell protein, enabling large-scale mapping of protein-protein interactions and functional screening.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute propose securitized consumer healthcare loans to spread the cost of therapies over many years, making them more accessible to patients. This approach aims to generate attractive returns to investors while providing affordable access to life-saving drugs and cures.
A new Northwestern Medicine study links a biological age discrepancy to increased cancer risk and mortality. The study found that individuals with an epigenetic age 2.2 years older than their chronological age have a higher risk of dying from cancer.
The researchers discovered that genetic variations in IGHV1-69 gene affect the immune system's ability to recognize and fight influenza viruses, leading to variable vaccine effectiveness across ethnic groups. The findings may lead to new tools for predicting individual responses to vaccines and development of universal flu vaccines.
A special issue of Pediatric Blood & Cancer establishes evidence-based standards for pediatric psychosocial care, addressing topics like monitoring psychosocial health and supporting siblings. The standards aim to improve quality of life outcomes for children with cancer and their family members.
Genomics assessments have identified actionable genetic alterations in pediatric patients with extracranial solid tumors, paving the way for individualized cancer therapy recommendations. Combined tumor and germline whole-exome sequencing has also shown diagnostic yield in children with solid tumors.
A study by Baylor College of Medicine found that genetic testing can identify the cause of childhood cancer in 40% of patients, including mutations not previously associated with the disease. The test can also reveal potential clinical targets for treatment and risk of hereditary diseases.
The American College of Physicians issues guidelines for evaluating blood in the urine as a sign of cancer. Doctors should confirm heme-positive results with microscopic urinalysis before initiating further evaluation in asymptomatic adults. Urology referral is recommended for cystoscopy and imaging in adults with microscopically confi...
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a clear and compartmentalized sequence of events leading to the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) from myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). The study provides an early and accurate prediction tool for this aggressive cancer.
A majority of hematologic oncologists report that end-of-life discussions happen too late, with most discussions occurring when death was clearly imminent. The delay may be attributed to the curative potential of many advanced hematologic cancers, leading to a lack of clear distinction between curative and palliative care phases.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have conducted three studies demonstrating the effectiveness of new drug combinations in treating relapsed or treatment-resistant multiple myeloma. The trials showed impressive partial and complete remissions, as well as increased duration of remissions with tolerable side effects.
A pediatric chemotherapy regimen significantly improved outcomes for young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with a three-year overall survival rate of over 70%, according to Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists.
Researchers have identified four potential treatment opportunities for acute myeloid leukemia, including compounds targeting metabolism, internal communications, and protein transport. These findings represent significant progress in seeking out new ways to approach an intractable cancer.
Children with childhood leukemia benefit from prophylactic antibiotics, reducing serious bacterial infections during the first month of treatment by approximately 60 percent. The use of antibacterial prophylaxis appears to have made a profound difference for patients.
Researchers have identified a novel approach to targeting protein homeostasis in cancer, using p97 inhibitor CB-5083. Preclinical data show CB-5083 induces disease regression in acute myeloid leukemia and demonstrates antitumor activity in solid tumors.
The latest Special Issue in ecancermedicalscience explores the intersection of biomarkers, screening and prevention using pharmaceutical agents. Researchers discuss validated biomarkers, chemoprevention and its challenges, as well as innovative approaches like circulating free-micro RNAs and circulating tumour DNA.
Researchers have identified a biochemical pathway regulated by aspirin, which decreases the level of 2-hydroxyglutarate, a driver of cancer development. This study adds to the evidence for aspirin's importance in cancer prevention and highlights a new pathway worth further investigation.
Researchers developed a new method to detect, classify, and pinpoint cancer location using blood platelet RNA analysis, achieving 96% accuracy. The study identified nearly all cancer types and showed immense potential for improving early cancer detection.
Researchers have developed a novel protein from a bacterium that allows them to see early-developing cancer cells deeper in tissue using photoacoustic tomography. This technology provides a new tool for high-resolution imaging of cancer with genetic specificity, promising future studies and drug screening.
Researchers identify genetic mutations common to blood cancers in patients with unexplained low blood counts and cytopenias. The condition, clonal cytopenias of undetermined significance (CCUS), may represent early stages of subsequent blood cancers.
Researchers at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have created a 3D image of cancer protein Trib1, revealing its role in controlling protein levels within cells. The finding could lead to the development of new drugs to treat cancers such as leukemia.
The article explores eight big questions in cancer research, including the role of genetic mutations, tumor microenvironments, and epigenetics. Researchers discuss the importance of targeted treatments, prevention, and screening, as well as the potential for precision medicine to improve cancer outcomes.
A protein-coding gene called hnRNP K has been identified as a potential target for treating acute myeloid leukemia. The study found that expression of hnRNP K is significantly reduced in AML patients who carry a specific genetic deletion, suggesting it acts as a tumor suppressor.
A recent study from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that nearly one-third of families with children undergoing cancer treatment experience food, housing, or energy insecurity. The research also revealed that many adults who support their families lose their jobs or take leaves due to their child's illness.
Researchers have identified a specific location in the enhancer that, when cut, leads to increased production of fetal hemoglobin. This breakthrough may pave the way for developing gene editing approaches for treating sickle cell disease and related hemoglobin disorders.
A study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that immune cell DNA editing errors can cause blood cancers in animal models. The researchers identified numerous off-target DNA rearrangements and found that these errors affected several known oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center are developing a blood test using microRNAs to identify and characterize precursor lesions that can progress to pancreatic cancer. The test may help differentiate between low- and high-risk lesions, allowing for more informed personalized medical management decisions.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine discovered a protein's critical role in developing and progressing acute myeloid leukemia. Blocking this molecule leads to a profound inhibition of leukemia growth, offering a novel target for better treating AML.
Scientists successfully identified tumor DNA shed into the blood and saliva of patients with head and neck cancer, offering a promising new screening test. Saliva tests fared better for oral cavity cancers, while blood tests excelled in detecting cancers in the larynx, hypopharynx, and oropharynx.
A study published in JNCI found that women with tubal ligation who develop aggressive endometrial cancer types have lower mortality rates. The researchers suggest that TL reduces cancer cell passage through the fallopian tubes, lowering disease stage and mortality.
Researchers found that abdominal blood clots are associated with an increased risk of developing undiagnosed cancer, particularly liver and pancreatic cancer. Patients with these clots had poorer survival outcomes compared to those without the clots.
A recent study found a strong association between paternal age and the risk of hematologic cancers in adults, with those having older fathers being 63% more likely to develop these cancers. The study suggests that exposure to infections in childhood may play a role in immune system development and cancer risk.
Biologists at the University of Luxembourg analysed 1100 microRNAs in 100 blood samples to create a reference for the majority of microRNAs in healthy people. They found that some previously praised molecules are naturally variable and not reliable biomarkers, while others show promising deviations indicative of skin cancer.
A new clinical trial results show that ibrutinib continues to control Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, with a median overall response rate of 91% after 19 months of treatment. The disease shows sustained benefit in patients who survived for two years.
Researchers at Walter and Eliza Hall Institute discovered that cancer drug target MCL-1 is crucial for normal blood cell production, but its depletion impairs recovery of the blood cell system after cancer therapy-induced blood cell loss. This finding has important implications for potential cancer treatments involving MCL-1 inhibitors.
Researchers developed a comprehensive computer model to simulate blood cell development, which could help identify promising pathways to target with drugs. The model has been validated through laboratory experiments and shows potential for reducing the risk of drug failure in leukaemia research.
Research shows that different neutrophil subtypes exist, with some anti-tumor properties while others promote tumor progression. The study highlights the importance of targeting specific neutrophil populations to develop effective new therapies for cancer.
Researchers have discovered that targeting a cell 'survival' protein could help treat some lymphomas, including those cancers with genetic defects that make them resistant to many existing therapies. Removing MCL-1 causes the death and elimination of lymphoma cells that had become resistant to conventional cancer treatments.
Researchers at National University of Singapore have found new interactions between STAT3 and PRL-3, two molecules involved in acute myeloid leukaemia, which may offer a new therapeutic target. The study suggests that disrupting the STAT3-PRL-3 regulatory loop could lead to an attractive anti-leukaemia therapy.
A new Rutgers-led research study found that patients with heart disease who receive transfusions during surgeries do just as well with smaller amounts of blood. The study measured overall mortality and found no evidence of increased mortality from cardiovascular disease or severe infection due to the amount of blood given after surgery.
A phase 1 trial of ipilimumab, an immune checkpoint blocker, found clinical benefit in 45.4% of relapsed transplant patients, with notable responses in Hodgkin lymphoma and myelodysplastic syndrome. The six-month survival rate was 65%, with four patients remaining on treatment.
Researchers discovered that tamoxifen, a breast cancer drug, can target and control the survival and proliferation of stem cells responsible for blood cancers. The study found that activation of estrogen receptors with tamoxifen could block the excessive production of abnormal white blood cells in mice with blood neoplasms.
Two studies found a subset of somatic mutations in DNA samples from healthy individuals that significantly increase the risk of developing blood cancers. The 'pre-malignant' state becomes more common with age and can be detected by sequencing DNA from blood.
Scientists have identified a new therapeutic target, Mpl, which could lead to the development of novel treatments for myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The study found that reducing the expression of Mpl in laboratory models can prevent the development of mutant JAK2 disease.
Researchers have identified unique molecular fingerprints for 11 types of children's tumours, which could be used to develop blood tests to diagnose these cancers. This may eventually lead to a quicker and more accurate way to diagnose tumours.
A multi-center trial found similar survival rates in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who received one or two units of partially matched cord blood. The study revealed improved recovery rates and lower risks of complications when using a double cord blood approach.
Researchers have linked age-related loss of the Y chromosome (LOY) to higher mortality and cancer rates in men. LOY was found to decrease men's lifespan by an average of 5.5 years, and increase their risk of dying from cancer.
Research at Washington University School of Medicine found that 2-5% of people over 40 and 70 have genetic mutations linked to leukemia and lymphoma. These mutations may be a precursor to blood cancers but do not guarantee development of the diseases.
Researchers successfully induced a rare type of blood cancer in mice using a single stem cell with the mutated JAK2 protein. The resulting cancer cells also retained the JAK2 mutation, offering new insights into the disease's progression.
Researchers developed a new blood test called the lymphocyte genome sensitivity (LGS) test, which can detect some cancers earlier than ever before. The test analyzes white blood cells exposed to UVA light and measures their DNA damage, allowing for early cancer detection and identifying those at risk of developing cancer.
A simple blood test could be used to identify patients at risk of cancer due to high levels of calcium in the blood. Researchers found that in men, even mild hypercalcaemia conferred a risk of cancer in one year of 11.5%, while in women, the corresponding figure was 4.1%. The study suggests that hyperparathyroidism may be responsible f...
Researchers have identified a gene network that fuels aggressive Acute Myeloid Leukemia and its precursor disease Myelodysplastic Syndrome. Inhibiting a key protein in this network may prevent leukemia cell growth and expansion.
Researchers at the University of Exeter Medical School have found that invisible blood in urine may be an early warning sign of bladder cancer. The risk of bladder cancer was 1.6% in people over 60 with invisible blood in their urine.
A large cohort study of 10,149 patients found no apparent causal link between obstructive sleep apnea and cancer development. However, researchers discovered that low oxygen levels were linked to an increased risk of smoking-related cancers.
Researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center identified a possible new drug target, LUNAR1, for treating childhood blood cancer. Blocking LUNAR1's action stalled leukemia progression and may offer an alternative to standard chemotherapy.
A study analyzing 10 years of data on children with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) found that early detection through newborn screening and transplantation significantly improves survival rates. Children transplanted before 3.5 months old had excellent survival, regardless of donor source or infection status.
Researchers have devised a simple blood test that can diagnose cancer with high accuracy, saving time and preventing costly procedures. The Lymphocyte Genome Sensitivity (LGS) test measures DNA damage caused by ultraviolet light, distinguishing between cancerous and healthy cells.