Articles tagged with Cervical Cancer
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A new study from the University of Minnesota Medical School found that Pap test samples can detect proteins also present in ovarian cancer tumor tissues. This discovery suggests potential biomarker candidates for early detection of ovarian cancer, which currently has no early warning system.
A new study published in The Lancet Global Health found that cervical cancer risk is six times higher in HIV-infected women worldwide. Southern and Eastern Africa are particularly affected due to high rates of HIV and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections.
Researchers at UCLA have discovered a gene called PACS-1 that is overexpressed in cancer tissues, which can lead to cancer growth and spread. Higher levels of PACS-1 expression in the nucleus may indicate resistance to chemotherapy and radiation treatments.
Researchers found that women with low levels of senescence-associated secreted phenotypes (SASPs) had higher survival rates than those with high levels. Brachytherapy greatly improved survival in patients with high SASP levels, but had little impact on those with low levels.
A large study by Karolinska Institutet found that HPV vaccination significantly reduces the risk of cervical cancer. Women vaccinated at a young age show a 88% reduced risk, while those vaccinated between ages 17 and 30 experience a halved risk.
A recent study published in Nature Genetics analyzed genomic differences between HPV strains causing cervical cancers, revealing distinct characteristics and implications for prognosis. The researchers identified specific patterns associated with aggressive cancers, highlighting the need for further studies on African populations.
A comprehensive genomic study of cervical cancers in sub-Saharan Africa has identified unique features associated with HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. The study found distinct gene expression patterns for HPV types and epigenetic changes linked to aggressive tumors, providing potential treatment options.
Researchers developed a novel three-dimensional imaging system that uses near-infrared light to diagnose cervical cancer faster and non-invasively than conventional methods. The system analyzes tissue biopsies in real-time without histopathological preparation, improving diagnosis accuracy and turnaround time.
A literature review found significant evidence supporting the causal role of high-risk HPV types 16 and 18 in prostate cancer. The authors suggest that HPV vaccination may help prevent prostate cancer development, particularly in countries with high mortality rates from cervical cancer.
A UCLA-led study found that school HPV vaccine policies in Rhode Island and the District of Columbia significantly increased vaccination rates among adolescents. The expansion of such policies could lead to higher vaccination rates and reduced cancer risk, particularly for cervical, oral, and rectal cancers.
The new recommendations emphasize more precise management based on estimates of a patient's risk, enabling personalized diagnoses, treatments, and follow-ups. Patients with higher individualized risk estimates require more frequent screening, colposcopy/biopsy, and treatment.
Patients with cervical cancer who produce antibodies targeting specific sugars on their cells appear to fare better when treated with internal radiation therapy. These antibodies also indicate a generally high immune competency, making them an indirect marker of antitumor immunity.
A multilevel intervention program improved HPV vaccination series initiation and completion rates among adolescent patients. The program educated pediatric and family medicine providers about the importance of HPV vaccines, along with healthcare system changes that started the HPV vaccine series before age 11.
A study combining 15 observational studies with 9,500 patients compared the risk of cancer recurrence and death associated with minimally invasive versus open radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer. The results showed no significant difference in overall survival between the two groups.
A meta-analysis of 15 studies found that minimally invasive radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer is linked to a 71% higher risk of recurrence or death compared to open surgery. The study's findings suggest that the benefits of minimally invasive procedures may not outweigh the risks for this specific type of cancer.
The American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) has released its first clinical guideline on radiation therapy for cervical cancer. The guidelines address indications and best practices for external beam radiation therapy and brachytherapy in postoperative and definitive settings, including the use of chemotherapy and IMRT.
A new imaging method detects metabolic and structural changes in cervical epithelial cells using intrinsic fluorescence, enabling early-stage bedside diagnosis. This non-invasive approach opens up a routine monitoring strategy for patients at high risk of cervical cancer.
Researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina have discovered a natural product, manzamine A, that exhibits anti-cancer properties in cervical cancer cells. The compound stops cell growth and causes some cells to die, with potential applications for treatment and development.
Cervical cancer screening rates dropped by over 3% in four areas of Miyagi Prefecture after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, with rates still lower five years later. Long-term monitoring is needed to restore screening rates in affected areas.
Combining therapeutic HPV vaccine ISA101 with chemotherapy drugs carboplatin and paclitaxel may extend survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer. The vaccine was well-tolerated, reducing suppressive myeloid cells to better stimulate T cell responses.
A Swedish-Finnish study found that HPV vaccination of both boys and girls prevents infections effectively, even if only 80% of girls are vaccinated. Mathematical modelling shows that vaccinating both genders can eliminate the most oncogenic HPV type 16 in a few years after age 30.
A study found that HPV vaccination rates dropped significantly after the government's suspension of proactive recommendations, leading to potential 5,000 additional deaths. Restoring high-level political support and proactive recommendations could prevent most of this damage.
A single dose of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is as effective as multiple doses for preventing preinvasive cervical disease, which can later develop into cervical cancer. The risk of preinvasive cervical disease was lower in adolescents who received one, two, or three doses of the HPV vaccine compared to unvaccinated teens.
A new study suggests that scaling up cervical cancer screening coverage in the US to 90% can expedite elimination of the disease and avert more than 1,000 additional cases per year. Increasing HPV vaccination coverage also plays a critical role in reducing cervical cancer burden.
A new study from UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center scientists reveals that cervical cancer screening every three years is protective against cervical cancer. Most cancers are caught before spreading, making treatment easier. Screening was found to reduce localized and distant cancers.
A comprehensive survey of viruses found within cancer cells reveals 23 different virus types in 356 patients, with Epstein-Barr and HPV viruses commonly linked to cancer. The study also identifies mechanisms by which viruses trigger carcinogenic mutations, providing potential avenues for vaccine development.
A recent CMAJ editorial emphasizes the importance of investing in social equity to address health disparities among low-income individuals. The authors highlight the persistent gaps in healthcare access and outcomes according to income, which result from poverty's association with various social determinants of health.
Two new studies quantify the potential for eliminating cervical cancer in 78 low-income and lower-middle income countries, proposing measures to avert 74 million cases and 62 million deaths over the next century. The proposed triple intervention strategy of HPV vaccination, cervical screening, and treatment could reduce mortality by up...
Two studies published in The Lancet conclude that cervical cancer could be eliminated worldwide by the next century, with North America expected to see almost complete eradication by 2040. High vaccination coverage and high uptake of screening and treatment are key to achieving this goal.
A recent Danish study found that vaccine misinformation resulted in a 50.4% drop in HPV vaccination rates, leaving around 26,000 girls unvaccinated and potentially exposing them to 180 avoidable cervical cancer cases and 45 deaths.
A new study by UCSF and CDC estimates that millions of young women in the US are undergoing medically unnecessary pelvic exams and Pap tests. The exams can lead to false positives, over-treatment, anxiety, and unnecessary cost.
Results from NRG-GOG 9929 show that ipilimumab is tolerated in the curative treatment of women with lymph node-positive cervical cancer. The trial found a 12-month progression-free survival rate of 81% and overall survival rate of 90%. Future studies are needed to identify therapeutic targets for improved outcomes.
Anal cancer diagnoses and deaths related to human papillomavirus (HPV) have increased dramatically over the last 15 years, according to researchers at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. The study found that anal cancer rates and mortality rates had more than doubled for people in their 50s and 60s.
Researchers identified Notch as a key molecule involved in cervical cancer progression, contrary to previous thought that Ras was the primary culprit. The review highlights the complex nature of cervical cancer progression, suggesting that local proliferation and metastasis occur through parallel routes.
A study on cancer trends in Canada from 1971 to 2015 found an increase in breast and colorectal cancers among younger adults, particularly women aged 30-39. In contrast, cancer incidence has decreased in older age groups, with declines seen in cervical, lung, bladder, and prostate cancers across most age categories.
A new study published in The American Journal of Pathology suggests that medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) is effective in preventing the development of cervical cancer in mice with precancerous lesions. MPA also decreased existing precancerous lesions, offering a non-invasive approach to combat cervical cancer.
A study found that cervical cancer screening rates decline among women aged 45-65, particularly those with lower education, rural residency, or lack of insurance. The study highlights the need for increased awareness and access to screenings for vulnerable populations.
A new study found that mailed self-sampling kits for HPV testing increased cervical cancer screening by 50% in underserved women, with 88% of testers negative for the virus. However, only 70% of women who tested positive followed up for follow-up testing.
Researchers developed a non-invasive test to detect cervical pre-cancer by analyzing urine and vaginal samples collected by women themselves. The test, called S5, measures DNA methylation and has been shown to accurately identify high-risk women with an HPV positive test.
A school-based HPV vaccination program in British Columbia has significantly reduced cervical pre-cancer rates among women, with a 57% reduction found in those vaccinated as Grade 6 girls compared to unvaccinated women. Regular cervical screening is crucial in preventing cervical cancer from developing.
Researchers developed a new approach to detect bacteria and viruses associated with cancers. By sequencing genomic data from tumors, they can identify pathogens linked to diseases such as stomach cancer and cervical cancer. The method holds promise for developing new cancer vaccines in the future.
A new study presents promising results from the CheckMate 358 trial, a phase I/II investigational immune-therapy trial combining nivolumab and ipilimumab for recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer. The combination showed higher clinical benefit rates compared to single-agent treatments.
The closure of nearly 100 women's health clinics in the US was associated with fewer cervical cancer screenings, more advanced diagnoses, and increased mortality rates. States with clinic closures saw a 2% drop in screenings, particularly among uninsured women, Hispanic women, and young adults.
A new diagnostic approach detects high-risk HPV infection and precancerous markers, improving the ability to diagnose cervical cancer in HPV-positive women. The test has a sensitivity of 97.3% and negative predictive value of 93.8%, making it a promising tool for cervical cancer triage.
A new study has found that psychological stress was associated with a higher risk of cancer-specific mortality in women diagnosed with cervical cancer. Patients who experienced stress-related disorders or stressful life events were 33% more likely to die from the disease compared to those who did not report stress.
A new microfluidic array catches and holds single cervical cells for faster screening, trapping them with microscopic electrodes and analyzing them using immunofluorescent staining. The device effectively trapped 98% of cells and held on to 92%, providing a promising tool for cervical cancer diagnosis.
A new study published in Papillomavirus Research found that one dose of HPV vaccine lowers the chance of having a pre-cancerous lesion detected at cervical screening in women vaccinated at a young age. The data supports the possibility that one dose may be sufficient for protection, simplifying vaccination and potentially benefiting co...
Researchers found that people shared informational tweets about cervical cancer prevention significantly more than personal-experience tweets. Organization senders were more likely to share content, regardless of type.
Researchers found that HPV vaccination programs substantially reduced HPV infections by 83% among girls aged 13-19 and 66% among women aged 20-24. Precancerous cervical lesions also decreased by 51% among teens and 31% among women in their early twenties.
A meta-analysis of 60 million individuals in high-income countries found significant decreases in HPV infections, anogenital wart diagnoses, and precancerous cervical lesions (CIN2+) after girls-only HPV vaccination. The study supports the WHO's revised position on vaccinating multiple age cohorts of girls aged 9-14 years old.
A new study reveals significant global disparities in cervical cancer rates among women living with HIV, particularly in South Africa and Latin America. The analysis shows that ICC rates are more than double in Latin America and 11 times higher in South Africa compared to European women.
Researchers propose evaluating genomic analyzes in cervical cytologies to detect endometrial cancer at an early stage. Molecular tests can refine diagnostic algorithms and benefit asymptomatic women with a high risk of cancer.
Recent falls in vaccination rates and uptake of other preventative programs, such as bowel and breast cancer screenings, indicate a fragmentation of public health arrangements. Visible public health leadership is needed to address these weaknesses and prevent further deterioration.
A study models the demand, benefit, and cost of implementing a 20-year strategy for radiotherapy to treat cervical cancer in low- and middle-income countries. The research estimates that 9.4 million women will require radiotherapy, generating $151.5 billion in economic benefits.
The partnership aims to increase HPV vaccine uptake, which causes over 33,000 cancers annually. UVA will launch a multipronged campaign to educate healthcare workers and the public on the importance of HPV vaccination.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have discovered a 'metabolic fingerprint' that distinguishes patients with cervical cancer from healthy women. The study identified three compounds that distinguish cervical cancer patients from healthy women, showing promise for future diagnostics, interventions or therapies.
A cost-effectiveness analysis of 12 cervical cancer screening strategies incorporates women's preferences to estimate quality of life and economic outcomes. The study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of different screening methods, considering their potential impact on health and finances.
Researchers from Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center have introduced an inexpensive DNA-based testing protocol for HPV in Honduras. The study found that of 1,732 women screened, 28% were positive for a high-risk HPV type, and the most common HPV genotypes detected were different than those commonly found in the US.
Researchers at University of Manchester found urine testing to be just as effective as the cervical smear in detecting high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) that causes cervical cancer. The study suggests a urine test could increase participation rates for cervical cancer screening among younger women.
A study found cervical cancer tumors without human papillomavirus (HPV) are rare but have a worse prognosis, diagnosed at advanced stages with higher metastasis rates.