Articles tagged with Obesity
A study published in PNAS Early Edition identifies a cellular change in the brain that accompanies obesity, involving a switch in neurons within the hypothalamus. Activation of CB1 cannabinoid receptors stimulates orexin A release, increasing food consumption. The findings suggest potential targets for new treatments to address obesity.
A study published in Obesity found that the body's internal clock regulates hunger, increasing appetite for sweet, starchy and salty foods in the evenings. This natural tendency can lead to weight gain due to impaired sugar tolerance and energy storage in the evening, rather than expending energy after a morning meal.
A new mobile phone app has been shown to increase positive affect in overweight women undergoing a partial meal replacement program, improving their motivation during the weight loss process. The study suggests that this type of support app could be a valuable addition to existing health programs.
Researchers found that infection with nematodes reduced body weight by up to 15% in obese mice and lowered fasting blood glucose levels. The study suggests a potential therapeutic effect of nematode infection on metabolic disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease and allergies.
A new study published in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior found that virtual reality weight loss programs can be an effective alternative to traditional face-to-face programs, with better maintenance rates. Researchers used Second Life, a web-based virtual reality environment, to deliver weight management education and t...
A new study by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found that deep brain stimulation can curb binge eating in obese animals, leading to weight loss and improved glucose sensitivity. The therapy targets the dopamine type-2 receptor, providing therapeutic relief for obesity-related behaviors.
A Boston Children's Hospital study correlates Facebook users' interests with obesity rates in cities and neighborhoods nationwide. The research suggests that areas with higher percentages of activity-related interests have lower obesity rates, while those with more television-related interests have higher rates.
Scientists have discovered that dietary medium chain triglycerides (MCT) can prevent the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with obesity and type II diabetes. MCT substitution for polyunsaturated fat reduces liver fat accumulation and progression of injury, suggesting a potential future therapy.
Researchers used DBS to stimulate the nucleus accumbens, a region involved in reward, and found significant reduction in binge-eating behavior in mice. The study suggests that activity in the brain's reward centers drives overeating despite known negative health consequences.
Researchers investigate mango's effects on blood sugar levels and inflammation in obese individuals, finding reduced blood sugar and anti-inflammatory properties. The findings support previous animal model results and suggest a positive effect of mango polyphenols on human health.
Researchers found obese men were more likely to have precancerous lesions detected in their benign prostate biopsies compared to non-obese men. Obesity was also associated with a significantly higher risk of developing prostate cancer after an initial benign biopsy, particularly in the first few years after.
Research from Yale University and University of Connecticut found whole egg consumption improves cholesterol profiles and reduces cardiovascular risk in individuals with coronary heart disease and metabolic syndrome. High-protein breakfasts also promote satiety and weight management in overweight adolescents.
Researchers discovered three unique genetic variations that influence body size and obesity in men and women of African ancestry. These gene variants, studied in a large-scale analysis of over 30,000 individuals, suggest a greater role for genes in causing increased BMI in African-Americans compared to Caucasians.
A recent study found that physicians built less emotional rapport with overweight patients than those of normal weight. This can lead to ineffective care and poorer patient outcomes. The researchers emphasized the importance of empathy in building trust and motivating patients to make lifestyle changes.
Dr. Johnathan D. Tune has been recognized with the Henry Pickering Bowditch Lecture Award for his groundbreaking work investigating the mechanisms connecting obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. His research, conducted using obese pigs, has identified key targets to potentially treat or slow down heart disease.
A new study by University of Michigan Health System researchers found that women who give birth as teens are significantly more likely to be overweight or obese later in life. The study, based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, identified teen pregnancy as a predictor of obesity.
A study by University of Utah researchers found that community gardeners have a significantly lower body mass index (BMI) and lower odds of being overweight or obese compared to their non-gardening neighbors. The study, which used unique administrative data, also found health benefits for spouses of married gardeners.
Researchers found that individuals from stigmatized groups adopt different strategies to manage prejudice and counteract stereotypes. Overweight participants prioritized wearing clean clothes to minimize disgust-based emotion, while Black men prioritized smiling to 'disarm' concerns about violence.
Research argues that conventional wisdom on obesity causes may be incorrect and that a hormonal disorder could be the real culprit. The author of a new article calls for rigorous trials to determine the true cause of obesity.
A large-scale genetic study has identified three new genetic variants linked to obesity in individuals of African descent, also influencing BMI in the US population with no known African ancestry. The study suggests that these variants are present in nearly all previously identified European-derived obesity genes.
The American Cancer Society's report emphasizes the importance of reducing tobacco use, improving nutrition and physical activity, and expanding cancer screening tests. The report notes significant declines in cigarette smoking prevalence but highlights concerns about heavy smoking, indoor tanning, and HPV vaccination coverage.
New molecular techniques offer insights into pet obesity, with a focus on understanding how nutrients affect gene expression. Researchers aim to prevent obesity by identifying key biological compounds and their impact on metabolism., Pet obesity affects over 50% of US dogs and cats, leading to chronic disease and reduced lifespan.
Researchers found that weight loss after gastric bypass surgery changes DNA methylation, affecting genes controlling glucose and fat metabolism. This reversal coincides with weight loss and improvement in overall metabolic health.
The American College of Physicians has developed interventions to help patients with prediabetes, gout, obesity, and Alzheimer's disease. The organization has created patient guides and videos that provide practical tips and concrete examples for reducing the risk of developing diabetes, managing gout, and achieving healthy weight loss.
A study found that Cuba's economic crisis, which led to widespread weight loss, had a profound impact on the country's burden of diabetes. Obesity rates increased after the economy recovered, but the initial weight loss had a significant effect on cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality.
A large cohort study found that more recently born generations have a higher prevalence of metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including overweight, obesity, and hypertension. This trend is attributed to studies reporting an increase in physical inactivity.
A study by University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio found that baby marmoset monkeys who started eating solid food earlier were more likely to become obese by age one. The research also showed metabolic damage such as insulin resistance and poor blood sugar control, setting the stage for future obesity.
Researchers found that prenatal stress increased obesity risk and associated conditions in adult rats. The study suggests that mothers' stress during pregnancy may alter the development of offspring, leading to a predisposition towards obesity and related health issues.
Studies found women with PCOS identified through general population screening had similar obesity rates as those without the condition. However, women actively seeking treatment had significantly higher obesity rates. This challenges the long-held assumption that obesity is a hallmark of PCOS.
A study found that pre-pregnancy body fat, in-pregnancy weight gain, and gestational diabetes can combine to steeply increase the risk of large-for-gestational age (LGA) babies. The risk varies among white, black, Hispanic, and Asian women.
A large-scale study identified seven new gene loci linked to obesity, showing a significant overlap with genetic mechanisms causing milder forms of overweight. The research included over 260,000 participants and demonstrated that extreme obesity shares similar genetic factors as normal or slightly elevated BMI.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia have identified a population of stem cells capable of generating new appetite-regulating neurons in the brains of young and adult rodents. This discovery could lead to a permanent intervention for obesity, potentially offering a solution that lasts beyond dieting.
Individuals who are overweight starting in early adulthood are twice as likely to have chronic kidney disease at age 60 to 64 years. Larger waist-to-hip ratios during middle age are also linked with chronic kidney disease at the same age. Avoiding excess weight gain could prevent many cases of chronic kidney disease, with over one-thir...
A recent study published in Cell Reports reveals that obesity is linked to autoimmune disease, but researchers have found a potential solution. Blocking the AIM molecule may prevent autoantibody production and related autoimmune responses.
Researchers found that a restrictive diet following bariatric surgery leads to rapid improvements in blood glucose levels. The study's findings suggest that controlling food intake is key to successful diabetes remission.
Researchers at Sanford-Burnham discovered an imbalance between neutrophil elastase and its inhibitor causes inflammation, obesity, insulin resistance, and fatty liver disease. In mouse models and human studies, reversing this imbalance protected against weight gain, metabolic problems, and inflammation.
Research published in The FASEB Journal found that sildenafil promotes healthy expansion and browning of white adipose tissue. This is achieved through the inhibition of cyclic GMP breakdown, which reduces pro-inflammatory hormones and shifts fat storage to 'brown' type.
New research using mice shows that disrupting our internal clocks can lead to a complete absence of 24-hour bodily rhythms, resulting in immediate weight gain. Proper sleep patterns are critical for healthy metabolic function, and even mild impairment in circadian rhythms can have serious health consequences.
Researchers confirm that obesity leads to a decrease in physical activity over time, with obese participants showing an 8% drop in moderate to vigorous activity. The study uses objective measurement methods and large sample size to provide insight into the relationship between inactivity and weight gain.
Research from Massachusetts General Hospital finds that gastric bypass changes microbial populations in obese mice, leading to weight loss and improved metabolism. Transferring altered microbiota into germ-free mice reproduced the effects of bypass surgery.
Researchers at Harvard University have discovered that drastic changes in the gut microbes of mice occur following gastric bypass surgery, resulting in rapid weight loss. The study suggests that manipulating microbial populations could become a valuable tool to address obesity.
A study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that consuming a high-protein breakfast significantly improves appetite control and reduces unhealthy snacking in young adults. Eating a protein-rich breakfast led to increased fullness and reduced brain activity controlling food cravings.
A Cedars-Sinai study suggests that certain microorganisms in the gut may contribute to weight gain by allowing individuals to reap more calories from their food. The study found that people with high concentrations of methane and hydrogen gases in their breath had higher body mass indexes and body fat percentages.
Researchers developed a weight loss program that successfully helped participants with serious mental illnesses, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The program involved exercise classes and individual weight loss guidance, leading to significant weight loss and sustained results.
Research studies found that obesity is associated with longer hospital stays and higher related costs in total knee replacement patients, but not with an overall increase in complication risk. Patients with a BMI of 25-30kg/m2 had the lowest length of hospital stay and direct medical costs.
Genetic factors such as BRCA2 and HOXB13 play a crucial role in predicting high-risk prostate disease. Lifestyle factors including diet, exercise and geographic origin are also risk factors for PCa.
A community-based diabetes prevention program, led by health workers, successfully reduced blood glucose levels and improved insulin sensitivity in overweight participants with prediabetes. The study replicated the results of the Diabetes Prevention Project, demonstrating a significant reduction in diabetes risk.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have developed a minimally invasive procedure that uses a stent to alleviate symptoms of pseudotumor cerebri by expanding narrowed veins and relieving fluid pressure. The study shows promising results, with 10 out of 12 patients experiencing complete and lasting recovery.
A new University of Illinois study reveals that college-age kids who don't consume at least three servings of dairy daily are three times more likely to develop metabolic syndrome. The researchers found that only one in four young persons met the recommended amount of dairy, leaving three-fourths at risk.
Researchers found a cross-talk between two types of brown fat that helps maintain body temperature and protect against diet-induced obesity. The study's findings may lead to new therapies that increase BAT formation to treat obesity.
A literature review suggests that weight loss can diminish pain, restore function, and quality of life in osteoarthritis patients. Obesity may trigger biomechanical changes contributing to the condition, making weight loss a key treatment option for arthritis and joint pain prevention.
A minimally invasive procedure called gastric artery chemical embolization (GACE) was found to be safe and effective in reducing hunger hormone levels and promoting weight loss in obese patients. After six months, participants experienced significant weight loss, with an average of 45 pounds lost.
A recent study discovered a gene responsible for obesity in mice, and deleting it eliminated obesity even on high-fat diets. The researchers believe this may be replicated in humans using existing technology targeting the specific gene.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that weight loss benefits the heart health of young obese mice, reversing poor heart function and reducing fat deposits. However, this effect was lost in older mice with longer periods of obesity, highlighting the importance of early weight loss in preventing heart damage.
A large epidemiological study found that increased sugar availability was linked to higher diabetes rates, independent of obesity. The researchers analyzed data from 175 countries and found a 1% increase in diabetes prevalence for every additional 150 calories of sugar per person per day.
Researchers at the University of Michigan are studying how exercise affects lean and obese rats to better understand insulin resistance and muscle glucose uptake. By comparing responses in both groups, they aim to develop more effective treatments for improving health across different populations.
Researchers found that insulin action follows a 24-hour circadian rhythm, with mice becoming insulin-resistant during the day. Mice unable to keep the time of day get stuck in an obesity-prone mode.
The Asia Pacific region is experiencing a creeping epidemic of obesity, with quadrupled rates in China and increased prevalence among countries such as Japan and Australia. Experts attribute the rise to sedentary lifestyles, Westernized diets, and cultural attitudes that prioritize food as a way of showing hospitality.
A recent study found that bariatric surgery does not lower overall healthcare costs in the long term. Instead, it results in higher inpatient costs and lower prescription and office-visit costs. The research analyzed data from over 29,000 patients who underwent bariatric surgery between 2002 and 2008.
A study by William Leonard examines the roles of diet and energy expenditure in contributing to obesity. The research shows that human dietary patterns have evolved over time, with a shift from subsistence to modern lifestyles leading to increased energy imbalances.