Articles tagged with Obesity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A survey of 515 patients found they were split almost 50/50 on the effectiveness of 'pay for performance for patients' schemes. Smokers and obese individuals thought paying for lifestyle changes was a good idea, citing lower healthcare costs and increased motivation.
Researchers at National Jewish Health found that glucocorticoids are 40% less effective in overweight and obese asthma patients than in those of normal weight. The study suggests a potential mechanism involved in the resistance, which could lead to therapeutic targets for future medications.
A study of 704 Amish adults found that those with low physical activity levels had a stronger association between FTO gene variants and increased BMI. Physical activity levels above average were shown to offset the genetic predisposition to obesity, suggesting personalized lifestyle recommendations may be effective in preventing weight...
Researchers at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center found a correlation between non-subcutaneous fat and calcified plaque in the arteries, increasing cardiovascular event risk. The study suggests targeting non-subcutaneous fat may be key to preventing heart disease.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that obese adults with asthma are nearly five times more likely to be hospitalized for their condition. The study controlled for various risk factors and found that obese people with asthma have significantly worse asthma control and lower quality of life.
Research finds that intellectual work leads to a significant increase in calorie intake, with students consuming up to 253 more calories after mentally demanding tasks. The study suggests that fluctuations in glucose and insulin levels may trigger food overcompensation.
A new study published in the British Journal of Nutrition found that eating high-quality protein foods for breakfast leads to a greater sense of sustained fullness throughout the day. The study concluded that consuming more protein at breakfast, rather than lunch or dinner, is critical for maintaining feelings of fullness.
A new study led by Dr. Keiko Watanabe found that periodontitis accelerates insulin resistance in rats with a high-fat diet. The research will explore the impact of periodontitis on diabetic complications in the retina, aorta and pancreas.
A US study found that nearly half of all US adults and two-thirds of obese adults will develop symptomatic knee osteoarthritis by age 85. Maintaining a normal weight reduces the risk, according to researchers from the University of North Carolina.
Active video games can help prevent childhood obesity by increasing energy expenditure and heart rate. According to a new study, children aged 6-12 burned significantly more calories while playing active games compared to seated games.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover a master switch in the brain that controls both appetite and fertility. Variations in the TORC1 gene may contribute to obesity and infertility, and could be regulated with a novel drug. The study also reveals that leptin plays a crucial role in regulating these processes.
A recent New Zealand study investigated the relationship between obesity and asthma, ruling out systemic inflammation as a common factor. Despite not finding evidence of its involvement, researchers suggest that other possibilities, such as changes in innate immunity or dynamic lung function, may be worth exploring.
A recent study published in the journal Diabetes found that fat tissue in obese patients has impaired cellular function, leading to increased risk of insulin resistance and related conditions. The researchers discovered significant differences in the cellular structure and function of fat cells between lean and obese individuals.
A study from Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found associations between smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity with lower Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) awareness. This may lead to reduced prostate cancer screening rates among affected individuals.
A new study reveals that consumers tend to avoid the largest and smallest options when it comes to soft drinks. By eliminating small drink sizes and adding larger ones, retailers have seen a 15% increase in high-calorie drink consumption. Reversing this trend could curb soft drink consumption with only a slight reduction in profit.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory found that vigabatrin induced satiety in obese animals, leading to significant weight loss and reduced food consumption. The study suggests that vigabatrin could potentially treat severe obesity, including binge eating patterns similar to those seen in cocaine dependency.
A new study by Dr. Lawrence Cheskin suggests that increasing mushroom intake can help prevent or treat obesity by consuming low-energy-density foods in place of high-energy-density foods like lean ground beef. Mushroom meals were found to be as palatable and appealing as meat meals, with no difference in appetite or satiety.
Researchers at UNC School of Public Health studied over 750 Chinese men and women and found that those who used MSG in their food preparation had a higher prevalence of overweight, even when controlling for physical activity and calorie intake. The study suggests that MSG use may be associated with weight gain in humans.
Researchers found that neighborhoods with low mixed-land use and high fast-food density were more likely to have overweight residents. In contrast, areas with high street connectivity, public transportation, and green spaces promoted neighborhood walking and physical activity.
Research indicates that obesity can be metabolically benign, with some obese individuals having a lower risk of heart disease and diabetes. The studies found that visceral fat accumulation was more important than total body fat in determining the beneficial phenotype in obesity.
Research finds that PSA screening can lead to delayed diagnosis and more aggressive cancer outcomes for obese men. The study suggests that alternative screening methods or lower threshold for worrisome PSA levels may be necessary for this population.
The University of Houston's Texas Obesity Research Center (TORC) is recruiting 500 participants for a study promoting healthy dietary habits and physical activity in the virtual world of Second Life. Participants will earn rewards and compete to win the International Health Challenge.
Adults who eat eggs for breakfast lose 65 percent more weight and feel more energetic compared to those who eat a bagel breakfast of equal calories. The study also found that blood lipids were not impacted during the two-month study, supporting previous research on the importance of high-quality protein in diet.
Researchers found that living in a walkable neighborhood can reduce the risk of obesity by up to six pounds. The study used census data from Salt Lake County and found that neighborhoods built before 1950 were associated with lower BMI values.
A new study reveals a link between obesity predisposition and defective dopamine signaling in the brain's reward system. The mesolimbic system, which secretes dopamine, is found to have lower baseline levels and reduced stimulated release in obesity-prone rats.
A recent study found that overweight and obese women require significantly more exercise to sustain a 10% weight loss over two years. Women who maintained this level of weight loss performed more physical activity and had better eating habits, highlighting the importance of comprehensive interventions for long-term success.
A new study reveals that treating overweight or obese elderly individuals costs Medicare 6-17% more over a lifetime than treating those with a healthy weight. This translates to an extra $15,000 for overweight individuals and $26,000 for obese individuals.
The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) has issued guidelines on the role of endoscopy in bariatric surgery patients. The guidelines emphasize the importance of preoperative endoscopy to detect lesions that may affect surgery and postoperative symptoms or conditions, such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
The UH department of health and human performance is leveraging Second Life to enhance student learning, with grants supporting research on virtual environments and instructional technology. Faculty members aim to create immersive learning experiences, promote healthy habits, and facilitate international collaborations.
UC Irvine researchers found that CLOCK protein regulates body clock, working in balance with SIRT1 to modulate energy use. This balance is vital for proper metabolism, and disruption can lead to metabolic disorders. The study suggests that sleep and diet can help maintain this equilibrium.
Men who consume soy foods regularly have lower sperm concentrations than those who do not. The association is particularly strong in overweight or obese individuals. Researchers found that men with normal or high sperm counts may be more susceptible to the effects of soy foods, suggesting a possible increased risk of infertility.
A study of 325 obese patients found they benefited from knee replacements, with improved mobility scores compared to a comparison group. The research suggests that obese patients can undergo the procedure without increased risk, making it unjustified to deny them the surgery.
A study found that large-volume breast reductions in morbidly obese women are as safe as for slimmer patients. Additionally, post-bariatric patients often experience nutritional deficiencies, which can impact wound healing and immune response, prompting plastic surgeons to recommend optimal nutrition.
New research from Michigan State University found that overweight and obese adults are not significantly less conscientious, emotionally stable, or socially agreeable than their normal-weight colleagues. Employers are urged to prevent weight-based stereotypes in hiring and employment decisions.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that maternal obesity can amplify obesity in successive generations through epigenetic changes. The study found that genetically identical mice on a standard diet gained weight with each generation, while those on a methyl-supplemented diet remained lean.
A new study by University of Illinois and Harvard University researchers found that non-parental care of infants is associated with higher rates of overweight and unfavorable feeding practices. Infants in child-care settings were more likely to be overfed or underfed, leading to weight gain.
The study found that the gestation-adjusted projection method (GAP) produced impressive results, accurately predicting birth weights in over 90% of cases. The GAP method uses ultrasound measurements and a mathematical formula to determine whether the baby is larger than average size for its gestational age.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that keeping a food diary can double weight loss, with 69% of participants losing at least nine pounds. The study recruited a large percentage of African Americans and used a heart-healthy diet to achieve significant weight loss.
Researchers discovered a strong association between elevated fetuin-A levels and the development of type 2 diabetes in older adults. The study found that higher fetuin-A levels were associated with a significantly increased risk of diabetes, with the strongest association seen in the third highest quartile of fetuin-A levels.
Researchers have discovered that Tabebuia extract can delay dietary fat absorption in animal models, reducing triglyceride levels. The extract's potential use in treating obesity and associated diseases like type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease is being explored.
A study published in The Journal of Physiology found that rats fed a junk food diet during pregnancy and lactation had offspring with high cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and insulin resistance. These rats also showed increased obesity and fat around the kidneys.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that morbidly obese patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery are at an increased risk of developing kidney stones as early as three months post-operation. The study suggests a possible link between the surgical procedure and changes in urinary electr...
Researchers found that changes in brain activity in response to food cues were altered after weight loss, but not when treated with leptin. This suggests that low leptin levels serve as a protective mechanism against weight regain.
Researchers discovered that turmeric-treated mice were less susceptible to developing Type 2 diabetes and showed reduced inflammation in fat tissue and liver. Curcumin's anti-inflammatory properties may lessen insulin resistance and prevent the disease.
A recent study published by Dr. Nicolas Christou of the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) suggests that bariatric surgery reduces the risk of developing cancer by up to 80% in morbidly obese patients. The research, which compared over 1,000 patients who underwent bariatric surgery with those who did not, found significant decrease...
A Finnish study of identical twins found that physical inactivity and acquired obesity impair the expression of genes involved in energy production, contributing to insulin resistance. The study suggests that lifestyle factors play a significant role in developing diabetes and heart disease.
A new study from Australia found that obese individuals feel a culture of blame and are often disrespected by medical practitioners. The study suggests that health care providers should do a more thorough assessment of the needs of individual obese patients, addressing social and psychological issues.
A new study suggests that a diet with a big breakfast of carbs and protein can lead to more successful weight loss, as seen in the 8-month study where participants lost an average of 16.5 pounds. The high-carb and protein intake controlled appetite and cravings for sweets and starches.
A recent study published by the Endocrine Society found that exercise does not suppress appetite in obese women, unlike lean women. Obese women showed no significant reduction in leptin levels during intense exercise, which is essential for appetite suppression and weight loss.
A University of Alberta study found that obese Canadian women are 30-40% less likely to receive recommended cervical cancer screening, with fear of pain or embarrassment cited as a reason for non-screening. In contrast, breast and colon cancer screening rates remained unchanged.
Researchers found that overweight individuals who used calorie-free tastants to flavor their food lost an average of 30.5 pounds over six months, compared to just 2 pounds for those who didn't use the tastants. This suggests that enhancing one's sense of taste can lead to weight loss by reducing hunger.
Researchers found that resveratrol inhibits the growth of pre-fat cells and prevents them from converting into mature fat cells. Resveratrol also reduces production of cytokines linked to obesity-related disorders, such as diabetes and clogged coronary arteries.
A new study found that three months of aerobic exercise decreased body fat and calorie intake in overweight and obese people, with increased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) linked to reduced hunger and weight loss.
A new study by The Endocrine Society found that moderate fitness levels lower the risk of death in diabetic men, reducing mortality by 40-50% over seven years. Fitness levels were categorized as low, moderate, and high based on peak metabolic rate achieved during exercise.
A new study by The Endocrine Society found that overweight men are not more likely to be infertile, contradicting previous research on obese women. Greater body weight was linked to lower testosterone levels in some participants, but impaired sperm production remains the primary cause of infertility in men.
Researchers at U of M have discovered a gene, Girk4, associated with adult-onset obesity in mice. The gene's disruption leads to increased food intake and energy expenditure in the hypothalamus, mirroring human obesity patterns.
A new study published in the journal Obstetrics & Gynecology reports a significant disparity in infant mortality rates between black and white mothers, with obese black mothers facing a higher risk of newborn death. Researchers analyzed over 1.4 million births and found that high BMI was an independent risk factor for neonatal mortalit...
A study by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons found that after massive weight loss, the majority of patients desire body contouring plastic surgery. Younger, divorced women who had minimally-invasive gastric bypass surgery showed the strongest interest in these procedures. Additionally, breast reconstruction studies revealed that...
Men who are overweight or obese are more likely to need a hip replacement for osteoarthritis. Research reveals that being overweight is a significant risk factor for hip osteoarthritis in men but not women.
Researchers found that pairing leptin with a minor amount of exercise revived the hormone's ability to fight fat, preventing weight gain in obese rats. The study suggests that low-level exercise triggered a metabolic change that cleared the way for leptin to work effectively.