Articles tagged with Obesity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The current figure of 246 million adults worldwide with diabetes is expected to expand rapidly, with 50% of deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease. The Lancet Editorial emphasizes that much of the morbidity and mortality can be prevented through targeted prevention strategies.
Research found that quitting smoking is linked to a cultural shift, with groups of spouses, friends, siblings, and co-workers giving up the habit at the same time. Closer relationships have a greater impact on quitting, with education playing a role in influencing behavior.
A study of 1,889 participants found a graded relation between oxidized LDL and incident metabolic syndrome, with those having higher levels at increased risk. Oxidized LDL was also associated with abdominal obesity, high fasting glucose, and high triglyceride measurements.
A study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found that daily alcohol intake above 20g increases the risk of liver injury, while drinking for 5 years or more also poses a significant threat. The research highlights the importance of obesity as a contributing factor to liver damage.
Morbid obesity causes sexual dysfunction in men, but weight loss through gastric bypass surgery can normalize sexual function. The study shows that significant weight loss predicts improvement in all areas of the survey.
A population-based study of over 5,000 men and women found that obesity and unhealthy lifestyles are associated with a larger number of urinary problems. Women who have had hysterectomies and men who have undergone prostate or bladder surgery also face an elevated risk. The study highlights the importance of considering social economic...
An obese population requires 18% more food energy to maintain daily living activities compared to a normal population, resulting in increased global food demand. Promoting walking and cycling through transport policies can reduce obesity and decrease food prices by reducing transportation fuel consumption.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of persistently elevated serum ALT levels among Iranians, associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and urban lifestyle. NAFLD also increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus by up to 2 folds.
A recent study published in Archives of Internal Medicine has documented the association between obesity and increased risk of heart disease. The research found significant ethnic disparities in weight and cardiovascular health, with non-Hispanic white participants showing a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity.
A study published in Arthritis Care & Research reveals that obese patients undergoing revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) are at a higher risk of complications, including surgical site infections and dislocations. The research found a strong correlation between obesity and adverse events after revision THA.
A systematic review of 10 studies found a consistent relationship between obesity and an increased risk for dementia, with baseline obesity increasing the risk by 80% on average. Preventing or treating obesity at a younger age could reduce the number of dementia patients by up to 20%.
Research found obesity increases dementia risk by 80%, while being underweight also poses a significant threat. The study, published in Obesity Reviews, analyzed data from over 37,000 people and estimated that 12% of dementia risk can be attributed to obesity.
A new study reveals that ghrelin hormone enhances the brain's response to food-related cues, making food more attractive. The hormone targets regions involved in reward and motivation, similar to those affected by drug addiction.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have discovered that subcutaneous fat, typically found in the hips and thighs, can lower insulin levels and enhance insulin sensitivity. This discovery offers a new avenue for finding substances produced by subcutaneous fat that may improve glucose metabolism.
A recent study published in Nature Genetics has identified two new genetic variants associated with fat mass, weight, and risk of obesity. The variants, located near the MC4R gene, act in addition to previously described FTO gene variants, resulting in an average increase of 3.8 kg (or 8.5 lb) in weight.
A new study reveals that obesity can exacerbate asthma symptoms by increasing dynamic hyperinflation, making it harder for individuals to breathe. The research found significant differences in lung function between obese and non-obese asthmatic women, highlighting the need for more targeted treatment approaches.
Researchers found a strong link between severe overweight and prolonged inflammation of the heart tissue, leading to heart failure. Inflammation also plays a key role in metabolic syndrome, increasing the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
A new study reveals that highly educated women weigh less than less educated women in wealthier countries due to rapidly growing obesity rates. In contrast, better-educated women in poorer countries tend to weigh more, as they exit under-nutrition and adjust their diet.
A body image program called the Body Project has been shown to reduce the risk of onset of eating disorders by 61% and obesity by 55% in young women. The program, which consists of four one-hour weekly sessions, helps participants challenge negative body ideals and adopt healthier attitudes towards food and exercise.
Researchers found that administration of triflusal increased insulin secretion significantly in relation to dose size, but did not improve insulin sensitivity. The study's findings suggest salicylates may have a therapeutic benefit in the fight against type 2 diabetes in obese individuals.
A study found that regular physical activity lowers heart disease risk in overweight women, despite the presence of obesity. However, physical activity alone may not fully reverse the negative effects of being overweight on coronary heart disease risk.
The Lancet Editorial warns that rising food prices are causing starvation and pushing millions into poverty. The article highlights the need for long-term solutions to tackle biofuels, agricultural subsidies and trade distortions contributing to the crisis.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine found that low levels of adiponectin, a hormone produced by fat cells, are linked to elevated albumin protein in the urine and increased inflammation in the kidney. The study suggests that supplementing with adiponectin or other therapies may help protect kidney function in obese patients.
A recent study published in the journal Cancer found that nearly half of Canadian cancer survivors were overweight or obese, comparable to the general population. The research highlights the importance of promoting physical activity and healthy eating habits among cancer patients to prevent recurrence and improve overall health.
A new study reveals that cancer survivors in Canada have low levels of physical activity and high prevalence of obesity. The findings suggest that lifestyle interventions to promote physical activity and healthy weight management are necessary among cancer survivors to control their disease.
Researchers at the University of Western Ontario discovered that abdominal fat tissue produces a hormone called Neuropeptide Y (NPY), which stimulates fat cell production. This novel finding may lead to new therapeutic targets for combating obesity, including the development of a simple blood test to detect increased levels of NPY.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that where and how the body stores excess calories is more important than overall weight in determining an individual's risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Overeating, rather than obesity itself, may trigger the development of this health condition.
Studies found obese breast cancer patients have poorer disease-free and overall survival rates compared to non-obese counterparts. Obesity also affects diagnostic characteristics, including stage at diagnosis, surgical delay, and hospital stay.
Mark Friedman, a leading researcher in eating behavior, has received a Guggenheim Fellowship to study the effects of diet on obesity. His work aims to elucidate the mechanisms driving diet-induced obesity, with a focus on the interaction between dietary fat and carbohydrate.
Infants who slept less than 12 hours per day had a higher risk of being overweight at age 3 than those who slept 12 hours or more. The study also found that restricting sleep changes hormone levels, stimulating hunger and increasing weight gain.
A new study found that rats fed tart cherry powder on top of a high-fat, Western-style diet had lower body weight, fat mass, total cholesterol, triglyceride, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 levels. These findings suggest a potential link between tart cherry consumption and reduced cardiovascular risk factors.
A large-scale study found that men are more likely to tolerate discrimination than women, but both sexes tend to accept prejudice against poorly educated immigrants and Arab-American airplane travelers. The study also revealed a significant sex gap in tolerance levels, with men more willing to accept discrimination.
A new study found that rimonabant, a weight loss medication, showed no significant effect on slowing the progression of coronary artery disease in patients with abdominal obesity. However, it did show improvements in metabolic parameters such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and triglyceride levels.
The study found that gut microbiota play a significant role in regulating weight and energy balance. Researchers suggest that manipulating the gut microbiota could be a useful strategy for treating obesity. However, more research is needed to establish the relationship between gut bacteria and obesity.
A study found that both short and long sleeping times are associated with an increased risk of future body weight and fat gain in adults. Adults who slept less than 7 hours or more than 10 hours per night gained more weight over six years compared to those who slept for 7-8 hours.
A Yale study reveals weight bias is as common as racial discrimination, with women experiencing twice the risk of men, and affecting workplace and interpersonal interactions. The study documents self-reported weight discrimination and compares it to experiences of racial and gender-based discrimination among adults.
A study of 6,583 people found that those with larger stomachs in their 40s were nearly three times more likely to develop dementia by age 70. Abdominal obesity was associated with a higher risk of dementia regardless of weight status or existing health conditions.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that people with larger stomachs in their 40s have a higher risk of dementia by age 70. The study showed that abdominal obesity in midlife is a strong predictor of dementia risk.
The brain can detect calorie content in food independently of taste, according to a study published in Neuron. The research found that the brain's reward system is activated by caloric intake, leading to a preference for calorie-containing foods over non-caloric sweeteners.
A community-intervention study in Calcium, New York, successfully linked increased calcium intake and physical activity with significant weight loss. The 16-week program resulted in an average weight loss of 13.2 pounds among participants.
A recent study by Indiana University found that overweight but active men experienced a 24% improvement in vascular function after exercise, compared to a 32% decrease in inactive individuals. The research highlights the importance of daily physical activity in maintaining cardiovascular health, even if weight loss is not immediate.
A study of 707 morbidly obese adult patients undergoing gastric bypass surgery found that those with two genetic obesity variations had significantly higher BMIs. The presence of these genetic variants may overcome the effects of bariatric surgery, highlighting their potential as susceptibility genes for postoperative weight gain.
Women with breast cancer who are obese experience more aggressive disease, including higher rates of inflammatory breast cancer and increased risk of recurrence. Obesity can lead to weight gain during treatment, further increasing the risk of recurrence.
Researchers found that even short periods of exercise (10-30 minutes) can significantly improve quality of life for postmenopausal women, including social functioning and general health. The study's results support the idea that any amount of physical activity is beneficial, even if it's just a little bit every day.
Scientists develop a new, lean mouse model by crossing mice deficient in protein kinase C beta (PKCB) with the C57 black mouse. The hybrid mice have less fat distribution, less fat tissue overall, and increased ability to burn fat, suggesting a potential strategy for treating obesity and disorders associated with excess weight.
Finnish research reveals clear changes in gene-networks and mitochondria function in obese individuals, associated with pre-diabetic changes and increased insulin release. Mitochondrial inefficiency may maintain obesity state.
Obese women should not be encouraged to gain at least 15 pounds during pregnancy, according to Saint Louis University obstetrician Raul Artal. Engaging in physical activity and proper diet can help prevent health issues like hypertension and diabetes.
A study by the American Heart Association found that individuals who received monthly personal counseling maintained significant weight loss over a 30-month period. The results showed that 42% of participants lost at least 4kg and 71% weighed less than their initial weight.
A study found that monthly personal contact with a counselor reduced weight regain by 3.3 lbs compared to self-directed programs, while interactive technology-based interventions showed similar results. More than 70% of participants maintained at least 8.8 lbs of weight loss.
Researchers found that personal contact and computer-based support systems helped participants maintain weight loss for two and a half years. Over 70% of participants weighed less at the end of the study than when they started, with those in the personal contact group achieving the highest success rate.
Scientists at Maastricht University have discovered that mitochondrial uncoupling occurs naturally in human skeletal muscle cells when exposed to mild cold. This process can increase energy consumption, potentially leading to new obesity treatments. Further research is needed to identify the proteins responsible for uncoupling.
Patients prioritize thorough examination ($40.87), followed by seeing a physician who knows them well, over other aspects of patient-centered care. Research suggests that local communities can develop tailored strategies to retain patients by improving services and customer service.
A new Penn study reveals that college-age females experience high levels of discomfort about being weighed in public, potentially leading to missed health tests and treatments. The study's findings suggest that women may avoid doctor visits due to embarrassment, highlighting the importance of private weighing for improved health outcomes.
Middle-aged women's waistlines have widened in recent years, increasing their stroke risk. The study found that obesity and blood sugar markers are key contributors to this trend, highlighting the need for obesity-curbing efforts.
Researchers found that mildly obese men's PSA scores were fourteen percent lower than normal-weight men, while moderately and severely obese men had 29 percent lower PSA values. The study highlights the need to reconsider PSA threshold values for heavier patients to ensure timely diagnosis.
A meta-analysis of 221 datasets found that a 5kg/m2 increase in BMI raises the risk of oesophageal adenocarcinoma, thyroid cancer, colon and kidney cancers in men, and endometrial, gallbladder, and oesophageal adenocarcinoma in women. The study also found stronger associations between increased BMI and colon cancer in men.
A woman in her 20s suffered from Cushing's syndrome, a hormonal disorder caused by excess steroid hormones, after using an unregulated skin-lightening cream containing clobetasol. The medical team warns that these creams can have devastating consequences and urges caution.
Research at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that desire to weigh less was more predictive of unhealthy days than BMI, particularly among Whites and women. The study suggests social constructs surrounding ideal body types contribute to the obesity epidemic.
Researchers found that obese rats have abnormalities in brain regions critical for appetite control, including reduced responsiveness to the hunger-suppressing hormone leptin. This suggests that obesity may be wired into the brain from early life, making it challenging to reverse with exercise and diet alone.
Researchers at Boston University found that increasing type II muscle mass reduces body fat and improves metabolic parameters in genetically engineered mice. This study suggests that strength training may be beneficial for overweight individuals and could lead to new treatments for obesity and diabetes.