Articles tagged with Obesity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have discovered that GLP-1 receptor agonists may be effective in reducing alcohol consumption. The study suggests that this type of diabetes medication could potentially treat excessive alcohol use and lead to a reduction in alcohol-related deaths.
Researchers found semaglutide and liraglutide substantially decrease AUD hospitalization risk compared to approved medications. Clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings and explore their efficacy in treating AUD.
Researchers from UAB have developed a gene therapy that reverses metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in mice, and most obese and type 2 diabetic patients could benefit from this treatment. The therapy, based on the fibroblast growth factor 21 protein, mediates long-term reversal of liver fibrosis and MASH.
A global study found that diabetes rates have more than doubled since 1990, reaching 828 million adults worldwide. However, many low- and middle-income countries struggle to provide adequate treatment, resulting in a staggering 59% of adults with diabetes not receiving the care they need.
Scientists have discovered a new weight loss drug target that increases calorie-burning and lowers appetite without causing nausea. The discovery could lead to a new therapy for millions of people with obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers discovered genetic variation in sucrose digestion affects sugar consumption and preference. Individuals with complete SI gene deficiency consumed less sucrose-rich foods than those with partial functionality.
A recent study found that vitamin D supplementation can decrease blood pressure in older adults with obesity and those with low vitamin D levels. High doses of vitamin D did not provide additional health benefits compared to the recommended daily dose.
Researchers suggest stress hormones may be primary driver of obesity-related diabetes, rather than impaired insulin signaling. The study found that excess food consumption stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, increasing stress hormones that counteract insulin's effects.
A preliminary study found that neighborhoods previously subjected to redlining had higher rates of heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular risk factors due to reduced access to healthy foods. Researchers analyzed data from over 11,000 U.S. Census tracts across 38 states, controlling for population size.
A new study found that obesity-related heart disease deaths increased by 180% in the US over two decades, with significant disparities among middle-aged men, Black adults, and residents of Midwestern states. The analysis also revealed unexpected patterns, such as Vermont having the highest death rate for obesity-related CVD deaths.
Research suggests that GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors, commonly prescribed for Type 2 diabetes or weight loss, may lower the risk of heart attack and recurrent stroke in adults who have had an initial stroke. The study analyzed data from over 7,000 adults with ischemic strokes between 2000 and 2022.
The American Heart Association has announced five health technology start-up companies as finalists in its 7th annual Health Tech Competition. The competition aims to drive technological advancements with the potential to transform heart and brain health patient outcomes.
Adipo Therapeutics' lead product ADPO-002NP shows promising results in increasing energy expenditure and improving insulin resistance by browning white adipose tissue. The company is now raising $8 million to move the treatment to first-in-human Phase I clinical trials.
A nationwide study in Japan reveals an increasing trend of overweight and obesity among patients with incident end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), mirroring the global obesity epidemic. Underweight individuals remain prevalent, presenting a dual challenge for public health strategies.
Researchers identify BNC2 neurons that rapidly respond to food cues and inhibit hunger, alleviating negative feelings associated with appetite. The discovery expands the classic model of hunger regulation and may provide new therapeutic targets for obesity and metabolic disorders.
The Endocrine Society's Virtual Science Writers Conference on Nov. 14 will discuss compounded versions of anti-obesity medications. The event highlights the need for FDA-approved medications to treat obesity, a pressing health concern.
Researchers identify interleukin-17A as a key regulator of fat storage, carrying implications for addressing obesity and preventing wasting. The discovery highlights the interaction between the immune system and circadian rhythms, which may hold therapeutic potential for metabolic disorders.
A recent study published in Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation found that slightly overweight stroke survivors (BMI 22.1-27.5 kg/m²) have a lower risk of sustaining disabilities compared to those with normal weight. The research suggests that a higher-than-normal BMI may be beneficial for recovering from a stroke with less disability.
A new Australian study found that night shift workers who eat meals or snacks during their shift have significantly worse glucose tolerance compared to those who fast. Insulin sensitivity is also disrupted among all participants, regardless of their eating habits.
Pennington Biomedical researchers will lead courses, presentations, and speaker panels at ObesityWeek 2024, showcasing exceptional obesity research. The center's faculty, postdoctoral fellows, and staff will engage with global potential collaborators and demonstrate progress in metabolic health.
A study found that increasing ketones through a keto diet or supplements can change menstrual frequency and intensity in pre-menopausal women. The research suggests that the presence of ketones, rather than weight loss, may regulate women's health.
A study of over 13 million hours of data found that exposure to bright nights and dark days is associated with an increased risk of death. Those exposed to high levels of light at night had a 21–34% increased risk, while those exposed to high levels of daylight had a 17–34% reduction in their risk of death.
A recent NIH study found that young people with severe obesity who underwent weight-loss surgery between ages 15 and 18 continued to see significant improvements in health outcomes, including reduced type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and abnormal cholesterol levels. The study, known as Teen LABS, suggests that bariatric surgery may offer ...
Researchers propose a comprehensive biomarker-based approach to assess cardiovascular risk by combining markers of chronic inflammation with cardiac health indicators. This approach reveals the significant impact of aging-related inflammation, or 'inflammaging,' on heart health and opens new avenues for targeted interventions.
A new multi-specialty guidance provides clarity on the usage of GLP-1 receptor agonists before elective surgery and gastrointestinal endoscopies. For most patients, these medications can be safely continued, but individual risk factors for complications should be assessed prior to surgery.
Researchers at Terasaki Institute have developed simvastatin-loaded nanoparticles to target adipose tissue inflammation, promoting fat tissue browning and weight loss. The treatment effectively inhibits obesity-related inflammation, controlled white fat production, and demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory effects.
Research from Karolinska Institutet finds that abnormal BMI in children can lead to impaired lung function, but normalizing BMI before adulthood may offset this. The study, which followed over 4,000 children, also found a correlation between low BMI and reduced lung growth.
A recent study found that the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) as anti-obesity medications more than doubled from 2022 to 2023, while rates of metabolic bariatric surgery dropped by one quarter. This shift in treatment options has implications for access to comprehensive multidisciplinary care for obesity.
Medically induced weight loss with GLP-1 receptor agonists can lead to substantial muscle loss, compromising physical strength and immune function. The authors emphasize the need for a multimodal approach combining medication with exercise and nutritional interventions to preserve muscle mass.
A cross-sectional study found a significant increase in GLP-1 receptor agonist (RA) use as anti-obesity medications from 2022 to 2023. Meanwhile, the rate of metabolic bariatric surgery decreased by 25.6% during the same period. These findings suggest a potential shift in treatment strategies for obesity management
A study conducted by Hiddo L. Heerspink at the University Medical Center Groningen found that Ozempic reduced protein in urine by 52% and decreased kidney inflammation by 30%, as well as lowering blood pressure and reducing a key measure of heart failure
Researchers developed an algorithm that splits obesity into 5 separate diagnostic profiles with contrasting risk of developing obesity complications. This can help clinicians identify individuals who need early interventions, improving disease prediction and treatment.
A recent study published in the Journal of the Endocrine Society found that high-intensity exercise significantly suppressed ghrelin levels and reduced feelings of hunger in healthy adults. Women demonstrated greater sensitivity to this response compared to men, suggesting sex-specific differences in appetite regulation.
Researchers at Rockefeller University identified a three-neuron circuit connecting hunger-signaling hormone to jaw movements of chewing. Inhibiting these BDNF neurons leads animals to consume more food and triggers unnecessary chewing motions, while stimulating them reduces food intake and stops chewing motions.
Research from Lancaster University found that restricting new fast-food outlets led to fewer overweight and obese children in Gateshead, England. The policy resulted in a statistically significant reduction of 4.80% in childhood obesity prevalence in deprived areas.
The use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and SGLT2 inhibitors in people with type 1 diabetes has significantly increased between 2010 and 2023. This trend is driven by their benefits in weight management and cardiorenal protection, but caution is advised due to concerns about euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis.
A new study led by Yale researchers estimates that expanding access to highly effective weight-loss medications could prevent over 40,000 deaths annually in the US. The findings highlight the need to remove barriers hindering people's access to effective treatments and address the national obesity crisis.
A new clinical guideline from the American Stroke Association outlines strategies to support brain health and prevent stroke throughout a person's lifespan. The guideline recommends regular health screenings, identifying risk factors, lifestyle interventions, and medications to reduce the risk of a first stroke.
Two studies found that bariatric surgery is more cost-effective in the long term compared to GLP-1 RA weight loss drugs alone. Combining both treatments is even more cost-effective. The use of GLP-1 RA before surgery appears safe and may be a novel approach to treating obesity.
A new study found that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in older adults. The Polsenior2 study revealed that middle and high FGF21 levels were associated with increased mortality risk, particularly when adjusted for age, co-morbidities, and blood parameters.
Researchers at Brown University have found a way to extend the lifespan of flies by suppressing a hormone that regulates insulin secretion. The study suggests that certain medications used to treat human obesity and diabetes may also impact aging, making it a promising area of research for future studies.
A recent study analyzing data from the ANCORS-YW study found that overweight and obese women in this region are at a higher risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Researchers recommend tailored preventive strategies, including lifestyle modification programs and socioeconomic support, to address this public health challenge.
A new study found that GLP1 receptor agonists reduce the risk of suicidal ideation or attempts in adolescents with obesity. The treatment, compared to lifestyle intervention, showed a favorable psychiatric safety profile and potential avenues for future research.
A novel nanoparticle therapy targets fat absorption in the small intestine, showing significant potential to prevent diet-induced obesity. The treatment involves inhibiting an enzyme called Sterol O-acyltransferase 2 (SOAT2), which plays a critical role in fat absorption.
A new study suggests that a hydrogen sulfide-generating molecule targeting mitochondria can significantly slow weight gain and reduce liver fat accumulation in mice. The treatment, AP39, inhibits key metabolic pathways associated with obesity and inflammation, offering a promising new option for treating metabolic diseases.
A systematic review highlights common thoracic CT imaging findings in obese patients, including dynamic upper airway collapse and mosaic attenuation. The review also explores the potential link to fibrotic interstitial lung disease and discusses advancements in AI body morphometry for improved prognosis.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that weight-loss surgery reduces pancreatic cancer risk among individuals with obesity by 44%, and among those with both obesity and type 2 diabetes by 79%. The study suggests that metabolic-bariatric surgery may play a crucial role in reducing the risk of pancreatic cancer.
The conference will feature comprehensive coverage of various topics in cardiovascular medicine, including can't-miss sessions. ACC Middle East chapter teams will also compete in the ACC FIT Jeopardy competition.
A team of scientists from NTU Singapore and HKU found that electro-acupuncture can reverse the effects of obesity in obese individuals and mice on a high fat diet. The treatment targets osteoprotegerin, a protein linked to fat cell formation and obesity development.
A study published in Surgical Endoscopy found that the cost of taking popular anti-obesity medications like Saxenda or Wegovy exceeds that of metabolic and bariatric surgery in less than a year. Bariatric surgery offers more permanent and rapid weight loss, with significant long-term cost savings.
Researchers found that intestinal absorption of fats plays a crucial role in preventing diet-induced fatty liver disease. The absence of gut hormones, such as proglucagon-derived peptides, prevents fat accumulation by reducing lipid absorption from the intestines.
A recent study published in Liver Cancer found that patients with diabetes mellitus and comorbid obesity are at a higher risk of liver cancer recurrence after resection. The risk is significantly higher for those with comorbid obesity, increasing by approximately 3.8 times over five years postoperatively.
A six-month study found that reducing daily sitting by 40 min/day can prevent back pain from worsening. The researchers suggest trying to reduce sitting at work or leisure time, but emphasize the importance of physical activity such as walking or brisk exercise.
A Carnegie Mellon University-led team is developing a bioelectronic implant called ROGUE that can produce a year's supply of treatment for chronic diseases like Type 2 diabetes and obesity. The device will offer continuous, adjustable therapy deployment via a minimally invasive procedure.
A randomized controlled trial found that time-restricted eating (TRE) led to greater improvements in glucose control, weight loss, and fat reduction compared to standard nutrition counseling in adults with metabolic syndrome. TRE resulted in a lower risk of muscle mass loss during weight loss.
A clinical trial found time-restricted eating improved blood sugar regulation and reduced markers of metabolic dysfunction in adults with metabolic syndrome. Participants who followed a customized eight-to-ten-hour eating window saw significant improvements compared to standard treatments.
Early-stage HR+ breast cancer survivors experience weight gain, particularly those with healthy BMI or overweight at diagnosis. Black women have higher rates of obesity and related comorbidities compared to White women, leading to a 40% higher breast cancer mortality rate.
Scientists identify PICALM as a key player in regulating glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling in adipocytes. Reduced expression of PICALM improves insulin sensitivity and glucose transport, holding promise for new therapeutic approaches for type 2 diabetes and obesity.
A new study found that a high body roundness index over 6 years was associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease in adults older than 45. The study, published in the Journal of the American Heart Association, suggested that BRI may be a valuable predictor of cardiovascular disease risk.
Research finds poor sleep quality directly relates to mortality risk, even before adjusting for lifestyle factors. Dementia is associated with increased mortality risk among individuals with better sleep quality, males, and older White adults.