Articles tagged with Obesity
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A study by Columbia University researchers finds that living in neighborhoods with a mix of residential and commercial uses and access to public transportation can lower obesity rates. The research also suggests that subtle lifestyle changes repeated over time can have a significant impact on body size.
A new study suggests that people who are overweight or obese may have better results with the prescription pill sold as Singulair than with a type of inhaled steroid, while leaner people may have better luck with an inhaled steroid. The findings indicate that obesity may influence individuals' responses to asthma medications.
A study found that obesity significantly increases the risk of periodontal disease, which is mediated by insulin resistance. The severity of periodontal attachment loss and tooth loss were proportional to the level of insulin resistance.
Lifelong calorie restraint is crucial for preventing excess weight and age-related health issues such as high blood pressure and diabetes. Studies with rhesus monkeys show that maintaining a constant healthy body weight can improve overall health and prolong lifespan.
A study by Cornell University found that women eat more candy when it's visible and convenient, but underestimate their intake. The study suggests that making healthy foods less visible and inconvenient may help reduce overconsumption.
A study by Cornell University researcher Brian Wansink found that women eat significantly more Hershey Kisses when they are in clear containers on their desks, but fewer when they are six feet away. This suggests that the temptation factor plays a role in overeating, and that making food less visible can lead to reduced consumption.
A study by University of Alberta researchers found that fine particulate matter from pollution causes cardiovascular problems in rats with obesity and insulin resistance. The findings suggest a significant public health risk for vulnerable populations, particularly those living near areas burning coal or diesel exhaust.
According to recent data from the Canadian Medical Association Journal, the prevalence of class I, II and III obesity in Canada has decreased among children and adolescents. The study found a significant decline in obesity rates from 2000 to 2017, with notable improvements seen in urban areas.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine discovered that chronic suppression of malonyl CoA levels in the brain impairs nutrient-sensing mechanism, leading to increased food intake and obesity. The study suggests a potential new approach to treat obesity by re-adjusting malonyl-CoA levels in the human hypothalamus.
A recent study found that people who restrict calories have hearts that are more elastic and function better than those of control subjects. The study also showed lower levels of inflammatory markers in the caloric restriction group, indicating reduced chronic inflammation.
Researchers analyzed data from the REACH Registry to determine the prevalence and treatment of atherosclerosis risk factors in 67,888 patients from 44 countries. The study found that high proportions of patients had hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes.
UT Southwestern researchers found that activating hedgehog signaling pathway blocks fat formation in mammals, while inhibiting it stimulates fat cell creation. The study opens avenues for potential therapy in humans for obesity, diabetes and osteoporosis.
A Northwestern University study found that middle-aged individuals with higher body mass indexes had significantly higher risks of hospitalizations for and deaths from heart disease and diabetes in older age. Having a normal BMI in young adulthood and middle age confers significant health benefits.
Researchers found that obese individuals had significantly higher risks of hospitalization and mortality from cardiovascular disease and diabetes in older age compared to those with normal weight. The study's findings support the importance of primary prevention of overweight and obesity to combat the worsening epidemic.
A long-term study found that a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet did not lead to weight gain in postmenopausal women. The study, which followed 48,835 women for an average of 7.5 years, showed that the intervention group maintained a modest weight loss and showed no increase in weight over time.
A new UCSF study found that obesity is a significant risk factor for kidney failure, with the morbidly obese having up to seven times greater risk than normal-weight individuals. The research, published in Annals of Internal Medicine, suggests that weight loss may be a potential way to reduce kidney failure risk.
The study found that 12.3% of participants had night eating syndrome, which was more common in obese patients and those with substance abuse issues. The condition is often associated with life stress and depression, and mental health practitioners need to screen for and treat it.
A case study highlights the importance of monitoring vitamin B1 deficiency in post-gastric bypass surgery patients due to potential development of Wernicke encephalopathy. The patient experienced symptoms such as nausea, fatigue, and hearing loss, which improved with increased intravenous dose of vitamin B1.
A large-scale study found that nearly 7.5 million adolescents and 8.5 million adults have poor cardiovascular fitness, associated with increased risk of heart disease. The prevalence of poor fitness was higher in females and minority groups, highlighting the need for targeted education campaigns to promote physical activity.
Between 1998 and 2002, laparoscopic bariatric surgery operations increased from 2.1% to 17.9% of total procedures, while Roux-en-Y gastric bypass rose from 78% to 92%. This growth is attributed to surgeons' increased use of the minimally invasive technique and patients' greater acceptance of the procedure.
A cross-sectional study found that smoking was associated with increased risk of more severe psoriasis among adults. Cigarette-years significantly increased the risk of clinically more severe psoriasis, with stronger effects observed in women than men.
Researchers from University of Toronto found that environmental cues, such as portion size, palatability, and social norms, dominate eating decisions rather than physical or nutritional needs. This 'zone of biological indifference' makes individuals vulnerable to socially-based influences, leading to overeating.
A study of over 79,000 women found that prepregnancy obesity rates increased by 9.2% between 1999 and 2003, linked to higher risks of gestational diabetes, hypertension, preeclampsia, and labor complications. The trend was observed regardless of age, ethnicity, or socioeconomic factors.
A recent study found that exercise is related to gastrointestinal symptoms and protective against them, contradicting previous assumptions. Participants who engaged in physical activity experienced lower levels of GI problems, including abdominal pain, irritable bowel syndrome, diarrhea, and bloating.
Researchers discover that preventing amyloid deposition may be easier than curing established Alzheimer's disease through an immunization strategy targeting Abeta42. Additionally, a study finds that pre-treatment of patient T cells with IL-10 and vitamin D3 can overcome glucocorticoid resistance in asthma patients.
A recent study found that a genetic variation in the perilipin gene is associated with weight loss resistance, particularly in men and women who have become obese. Carriers of this gene variant lost an average of 20 pounds during a low-calorie diet, while those without it experienced significant weight changes.
A new small-scale study suggests that personal fulfillment is the strongest motivator for US adolescents to exercise. The research found that teens are more likely to participate in sports and vigorous activities if they enjoy the process and want to improve their fitness and physical skills.
Adolescents cite personal fulfillment as strongest motivator for physical activity, with weight-based motivation and peer influence also playing a role. The study's findings suggest that emphasizing personal fulfillment could be an effective approach to increasing physical activity among all youth, regardless of risk status.
This study found that current drinkers had a lower obesity risk than non-drinkers, with heavy drinkers being 46% more likely to be obese. The mechanisms behind this protective effect are not well understood.
In a study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, Columbia University researchers discovered that replacing leptin in lean individuals who lost weight restored fat mass and reversed metabolic changes. The findings suggest that therapeutics targeting the leptin signaling pathway may assist in maintaining reduced body weight...
Researchers found that genetically modified rats with high levels of leptin receptors didn't become obese, even on high-fat diets. This suggests that preventing the disappearance of leptin receptors may be key to controlling obesity.
Two studies by Cornell professor David Levitsky found that women who weighed themselves daily using the Tissue Monitoring System (TMS) gained less weight than those in a control group. Additionally, women who received lessons on estimating portion sizes in all-you-can-eat dining halls also showed no significant weight gain.
A USC study reveals that high sugar intake during childhood may play a key role in the development of diabetes in Latino children. The research found that children who consumed more sugary drinks had signs of decreased beta cell function, implying they were heading toward type 2 diabetes.
The study finds that unit bias affects how people perceive and consume food, with smaller portions being just as satisfying. The researchers believe this bias is culturally derived and plays a significant role in the French eating less than Americans.
Researchers found that nine modifiable risk factors contribute significantly to cancer mortality worldwide. These include low fruit and vegetable intake, physical inactivity, and exposure to urban air pollution. Implementing lifestyle and environmental interventions can prevent a substantial proportion of cancer-related deaths.
Two studies on obesity pharmacotherapy were published in the New England Journal of Medicine, exploring the efficacy of lifestyle modification and pharmacological interventions. Dr. Susan Yanovski, director of the NIDDK's Obesity and Eating Disorders Program, is available to comment on these findings.
A study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that combining lifestyle modification with the weight loss medication sibutramine resulted in significantly greater weight loss among obese adults compared to using medication alone. Participants who kept daily food and physical activity records showed the most significant ...
A scholar argues that there is no scientific evidence to suggest people classified as 'overweight' are under direct threat from their body weight. The real causes of health issues are diet, exercise, and genetics, not body fat.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered the appetite-suppressing hormone obestatin, which could clear up confusion over how hormones regulate appetite. Obestatin's effects on laboratory animals suggest it may be a key to developing effective treatments for obesity.
Researchers at The University of Manchester and The University of Maryland School of Medicine have made a breakthrough in understanding what makes a substance taste sweet. They found that sugar interacts with two types of taste receptors on the tongue, while some synthetic sweeteners only interact with one receptor. This discovery has ...
A recent study found that obesity measured by waist-to-hip ratio is three times stronger than BMI in predicting the risk of heart attack. The researchers analyzed data from over 27,000 people across 52 countries and discovered a striking correlation between waist size and cardiovascular risk.
A recent study found that waist-to-hip ratio is a stronger predictor of heart attack than BMI in diverse ethnic populations. The researchers discovered that larger waist size was harmful, while larger hip size was protective, leading to substantial reassessment of obesity's importance for cardiovascular disease worldwide.
Researchers discovered divergent neuronal pathways at the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R), controlling food intake and energy expenditure. The study provides new insights into the intricate process of maintaining stable body weight, with potential implications for obesity treatment.
Researchers found that the hormone PYY inhibits eating in the morning but not in the evening, resulting in mild weight loss. High doses of PYY are required for weight loss, and further studies are needed to understand its potential as a weight loss treatment.
A recent systematic review and meta-analysis of bariatric procedures found that the average percentage of excess weight loss after operation was 61 percent, with significant increases in rates of hospital admission. Patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery had a doubling of hospitalization rates compared to those before ...
A new study finds that a lower dose of orlistat can help overweight individuals lose weight and improve their health. The medication, supported by over 100 clinical studies, demonstrated significant weight loss and reductions in cholesterol and blood pressure.
Bariatric surgery procedures have increased significantly since 1998, with a notable shift towards wealthier households and private insurance. Despite this growth, disparities persist in receiving bariatric surgery, particularly among men, those with public insurance, and lower-income individuals.
A study of Medicare patients found a significant increase in bariatric surgery death rates among those aged 65 and older. The risk was highest among men and those with lower surgeon volume, highlighting the need for balanced care in high-risk populations.
The number of bariatric surgical procedures in the US has increased substantially, with gastric bypass accounting for over 80% of all procedures. Length of stay decreased, but sociodemographic disparities persist, highlighting the need for equal access to bariatric surgery regardless of sex and socioeconomic status.
A genetic study found that the enzyme stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1) is three times more abundant in muscle of obese individuals than in lean individuals. This elevation in enzyme activity corresponds with diminished fat burning and changes in fat composition.
A study found that midlife obesity is significantly associated with an increased risk of developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease later in life. High systolic blood pressure, high total cholesterol levels, and clustering of these vascular risk factors also contribute to this risk.
Researchers found elevated C-reactive protein levels frequently accompanied traditional heart disease risk factors like smoking, obesity, and high blood pressure. High CRP levels were more common among those with at least one risk factor for heart disease.
Researchers have discovered the SEPS1 (Selenoprotein S) gene's role in inflammation, which is a common component of many human disorders. The study found that a genetic variation in the SEPS1 gene can lead to higher levels of inflammation and increased risk of diseases like cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes.
A mutant rat model is being used to study the early vascular changes caused by obesity, which can lead to peripheral vascular disease. The research aims to prevent this condition and improve quality of life for those affected.
Researchers found that obese individuals who engaged in physical activity experienced fewer gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms compared to those with sedentary lifestyles. High body mass index (BMI) was linked to increased symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), abdominal pain, and diarrhea.
A study of Medicare patients with heart attacks found significantly higher 30-day death rates in December compared to other months, with 22% of those hospitalized in the month dying within 30 days. The study looked for use of proven therapies but authors remain uncertain about the cause of the increased mortality rate.
This study shows that expressed attitudes can be modified by providing consensus information about the beliefs of others. The researchers found that a peer group's influence is more significant than a non-associated group in shaping attitudes towards obesity.
Australia's Director of Obesity Research highlights lack of access to life-saving bariatric surgery for those who need it most. Over 2.6 million Australians struggle with obesity, a growing public health crisis requiring urgent attention and action from hospitals and governments.
Scientists discover that amino acids enter the cell through a separate pathway than insulin, triggering the activation of S6K1 enzyme. This finding provides a potential new target for regulating obesity and insulin resistance.
A recent study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology found that visceral fat buildup is a major consequence of inactivity. The researchers discovered that increasing exercise amounts can significantly reduce visceral fat, while even moderate exercise can prevent accumulation and reverse it in some cases.