Articles tagged with Tissue Damage
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Researchers found that pacemakers not only mechanically correct irregular heartbeats but also produce chemical changes that benefit the heart muscle. Studies in dogs with congestive heart failure showed significant improvements in protein levels and activity, reducing cell death and fibrosis.
A dietary supplement containing blueberry, green tea, vitamin D3, and carnosine extracts has been shown to reduce neural damage and motor deficits in animal models after a simulated stroke. The study found that the supplement increased new neuron production and was 100 times more potent than individual ingredients.
Biomedical engineer Robert Langer is working on novel ways to deliver drugs and genes to targeted sites in the human body. His lab has developed polymers that can efficiently deliver DNA with reduced toxicity, potentially leading to new cancer treatments and disease therapies.
A team of researchers at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh identified a molecular receptor known as Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) that, when blocked, may help reverse necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants. Blocking the TLR4 signal allowed enterocytes to heal damaged intestinal tissue.
The collaboration aims to separate skin layers, decontaminate tissue, and speed up tissue cleaning using the Raydiance USP laser platform. This project has the potential to increase the supply of dermal tissues, resulting in better outcomes for more patients.
A new University of Delaware research project aims to engineer functional vocal cord tissue to replace scarred, rigid tissue. The team is developing novel biomaterials that mimic the molecular composition and mechanical responsiveness of natural extracellular matrices, with the goal of improving pliability and preventing scarring.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism by which adult stem/progenitor cells enhance tissue repair in damaged organs. These cells not only differentiate into replacement cells but also stimulate the proliferation of existing stem cells and transfer mitochondrial DNA to dysfunctional cells.
Researchers are developing nanotechnology to stimulate the body's healing abilities, enabling damaged organs to repair themselves. Early results show paralyzed lab mice regaining mobility after receiving a nanomaterial injection, offering hope for treating intractable diseases.
Xinqiao Jia is awarded a National Science Foundation Faculty Early Career Development Award for her work on developing strong, yet soft and flexible biomaterials for engineering damaged tissues. Her goal is to create hybrid materials that can respond rapidly and reversibly to mechanical forces.
The Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies launches a series of NanoFrontiers podcasts and newsletters to discuss promising nanotechnology applications. First episodes focus on tissue engineering and biomedicine advancements. Future discussions will cover energy, clean water, and developing nations' challenges.
Biodegradable PolyHIPEs have been successfully used as tissue-engineering scaffolds for craniofacial reconstruction due to their rigid foam structure and ease of fabrication. This technique allows for the creation of interconnected pores, enabling efficient cell migration and tissue regeneration.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have successfully grown and implanted adult pig stem cells to repair damaged heart tissue after a lab-induced heart attack. The study demonstrates proof of principle for using cardiac stem cell therapy to regenerate infarcted heart muscle and restore heart cell function.
Scientists have developed a protoxin that targets and kills prostate cancer cells using the protein PSA made by prostate cancer. The therapy shows promise in treating locally recurrent or advanced prostate cancer, with potential to reduce enlarged prostate size. A phase I clinical trial is currently underway.
A recent U of M study found that treating periodontal disease in pregnant women does not reduce the risk of preterm birth or low birth weight. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, concluded that while treatment is safe and effective, it does not directly affect a woman's risk for these complications.
A study published by the American Thoracic Society found that an antioxidant called heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is elevated in the lungs of patients with chronic silicosis. HO-1 protects against reactive oxygen species, which cause tissue injury and scar formation.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati are studying whether environmental toxicants can worsen lung disease by activating a receptor that causes the immune system to attack stressed lung tissue. Chronic exposure to toxins like tobacco smoke and air pollutants may exacerbate damage, leading to additional health problems.
Using minimally invasive robotic surgery, researchers successfully transplanted stem cells into damaged pig hearts, showing improved function and cell engraftment. The technique offers several benefits for patients with heart failure, including reduced risk and less time under anesthesia.
Researchers at Penn School of Medicine successfully manipulate cells to regenerate damaged heart tissue using cyclin A2. The findings hold promise for future therapy and treatment of heart disease, potentially leading to less surgery and medicine.
Researchers have developed a new microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) technique that can deliver more lethal doses to tumors while sparing healthy tissue. The improved method uses significantly thicker microbeams and interlaces them within a well-defined target volume to increase killing potential.
Researchers at U-M aim to develop new treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) by understanding the role of fibrocytes and signaling pathways involved in the disease. They found that lipid mediators called cysteinyl leukotrienes may be responsible for inappropriate activation of fibrocytes.
Researchers developed engineered bladders using patients' own cells, showing improved functional parameters without bowel tissue complications. The procedure has the potential to treat bladder disease, but additional studies are needed for wider adoption.
A University of Toronto study found that increasing vitamin E levels during pregnancy may alter the onset of cancer in adult life. While it reduced in utero deaths, it also accelerated cancer development, suggesting a potential link between antioxidant intake and cancer risk.
Researchers at MIT developed a tool to selectively irradiate blood vessels to study radiation damage. This technique has the potential to reduce side effects for cancer patients treated with radiation therapy.
Researchers at UW-Madison report that transplanted stem cells can develop into heart muscle and blood vessels in damaged hearts, improving function. The study's results demonstrate the therapeutic potential of embryonic stem cells for treating heart disease.
Researchers at the University of Utah are developing a hydrogel that helps grow new tissue for repairing diseased organs. The gelatin-like substance, made from sugar chains, is essential for organ printing, which aims to print living, three-dimensional tissue for transplantation.
Researchers found that Bcl-xL, a protein that prevents cell death, can encourage tumor growth in mice. Higher levels of Bcl-xL were linked to increased tumor development and tissue injury in studies on lung and liver damage.
A recent study published in The Lancet reports six cases of alkali eye injuries caused by liquid detergent tablets in children aged 18 months to 3 years. The children were treated for damage to the cornea and conjunctiva, with all patients recovering after prompt irrigation and hospitalization.
A team of researchers from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has used laser tweezers to measure the mechanical properties of individual fibers in blood clots. The study reveals that clots deform primarily by bending of their fibers, rather than stretching, providing new insights into clot physiology.
A recent study by Ohio State University found that regular aerobic exercise can help protect muscles in the elderly from damage caused by exertion. After 10 weeks of galloping on a treadmill, retired racehorses showed fewer signs of muscle damage, even after maximum capacity workouts.
Researchers propose that insects close off their respiratory systems to lower internal oxygen concentration and prevent oxidative damage. Insects like grasshoppers and moths regulate oxygen levels by controlling breathing patterns, which can impact aging and pesticide use.
A new theory proposes that hyperglycemia and hypoxia contribute to diabetic complications by disrupting NADH recycling. This process produces free radicals that cause damage to tissues, including those in the eyes, heart, nerves, and kidneys. The study suggests that glycolysis and the sorbitol pathway play a crucial role in this process.
Post-bariatric patients often require more extensive body contouring procedures due to permanently damaged tissue. Plastic surgeons must re-contour the entire upper and lower body trunks to achieve a successful outcome, as the skin's natural tightness is compromised.
Researchers at Texas A&M University found that blue marlin caught in the Gulf of Mexico contain 20-30 times the acceptable levels of mercury. The team aims to understand why mercury accumulates in pelagic fishes and how it affects human health.
Researchers are exploring the potential of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and gelatin to promote blood vessel formation and heal wounds. The study aims to determine how LPA interacts with specific proteins, such as Hic-5, to enhance or inhibit migration.
Researchers found that bone marrow stem cells can differentiate into liver cells within days, restoring liver function in injured mice. The study suggests a new approach to treating chronic diseases like diabetes and cirrhosis of the liver.
Researchers have found that deliberate damage to sensory receptor cells in the inner ear can trigger a cascade of signals through ATP release, leading to the spread of calcium ions. This mechanism is activated by loud noise levels commonly experienced in nightclubs and when using personal headphones.
Researchers found that oxygen-sensitive genes in cardiac fibroblasts transform into myofibroblasts, critical for wound healing after a heart attack. The newly formed myofibroblasts help replace damaged tissue.
Adult stem cells have been shown to regenerate damaged lung tissue, offering a promising new treatment for devastating lung diseases. The study's findings suggest that circulating stem cells can repair damage in organ tissue, which could have a huge impact on the treatment of conditions like emphysema and cystic fibrosis.
Researchers report improved left-ventricular and overall heart function in a 72-year-old man after receiving undifferentiated stem cells. The grafted scar showed the presence of well-developed skeletal myotubes with preserved contractile structure, indicating long-term viability and functional potential.
Researchers successfully transplanted myoblast cells into patients with scarred heart tissue, showing evidence of repair and regeneration. The procedure improved EF rates by 58% in just 12 weeks, offering a potential new hope for treating heart failure.
Research reveals that peroxynitrite damages endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), promoting uncoupled catalysis and oxidative stress in vascular tissues. This damage can propagate to other susceptible enzymes, exacerbating inflammation and oxidative stress.
Researchers investigate how electrical impulses travel through cardiac tissue and how impaired cell communication affects heart health. They develop a computer model that shows how electrical activity spreads like a fire in a forest, and find that spiral waves breaking up into multiple spirals may be similar to the patterns that cause ...
Researchers have discovered that a specific cell surface molecule senses runaway inflammation and tissue damage, allowing the body to limit excessive inflammation. The study found that the adenosine receptor plays a central role in controlling inflammation, and its dysfunction may lead to impaired inflammation regulation.
A new protein test has been developed to improve heart attack detection, particularly in cases of non-ST segment elevation heart attack. The test shows significant predictive value and could lead to a doubling of identified patients with mild heart attacks.
In a breakthrough study, researchers at The Wistar Institute demonstrated the remarkable regenerative powers of MRL mice in healing heart tissue without drugs or cell transfer. After two months, damaged heart tissue looked normal and functioned well.
Researchers tested four viruses to transport genetic material into defective eyes of 18-day-old rats. Adenovirus proved the most effective vector, targeting specific tissues and preventing disordered blood vessel growth. Early-stage research suggests a potential breakthrough in treating retinopathy of prematurity with gene therapy.
University of Iowa researchers found that long-term treatment with verapamil can prevent heart muscle damage in mice without serious side effects. They also identified a specific biomarker, cardiac troponin I, to detect early diagnosis of cardiomyopathy in patients with muscular dystrophy.
Chronic alcohol consumption combined with thiamine deficiency may have a synergistic effect on the brain, causing impaired learning, reference memory, and cognitive functions. Thiamine supplementation can exacerbate this effect, and some experts suggest that food supplementation or beer enrichment may be more beneficial.
A new study suggests that ginkgo extract may help protect the brain against stroke damage by reducing the extent of brain damage caused by free radicals. However, more work is needed to determine the proper dose and ensure its safety for humans at risk for stroke due to potential blood-thinning risks.
Researchers have developed a new biomaterial that uses an electricity-conducting polymer in combination with a naturally occurring sugar molecule to stimulate nerve growth. The material breaks down over time, allowing the nerve to grow and reach its target weeks or months later.
A recent study found that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) can reverse nerve damage in diabetic rats, with 80% fewer swollen nerve endings observed. The protein may compensate for the loss of a healthy factor or be a nourishing agent itself.
A recent study reveals that long-term nerve damage in diabetic rats can be reversed by treatment with an insulin-like protein. The protein may prevent or alleviate certain nerve complications associated with diabetes, such as irregular blood pressure control and digestive issues. Researchers are hopeful about the potential therapeutic ...
Researchers found that head trauma impairs brain cells' ability to detect and repair DNA damage, leading to weeks of prolonged cell death. The study suggests that the body's surveillance system breaks down after an injury, making it difficult for cells to recover.
Researchers at UCSF have identified a transcription factor, human Cdc5 (hCdc5), that regulates the cell cycle and may help stimulate heart muscle cell repair after damage. The discovery could lead to new treatments for children with heart abnormalities and potentially benefit 900,000 American adults affected by heart attacks each year.
Researchers developed a sensitive and accurate probe to measure cartilage damage, using ultrasound and load cell units. The probe can be used arthroscopically, allowing for precise assessment of cartilage thickness and mechanical strength before surgery.
Prof. Michal Schwartz's research reveals a unique relationship between the central nervous system and immune system, showing that immune cells can aid in healing damaged nerves. This discovery may lead to new treatments for nerve damage and autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis.
Weizmann Institute scientists develop a novel approach to heal damaged spinal cords in rats, regaining partial motor activity and movement. The treatment promotes the animal's own self-repair mechanism, paving the way for further research on human applications.
A protein called osteogenic protein-1 (OP-1) may speed the recovery of stroke patients by rewiring damaged brain cells. The experiment used rats and showed that OP-1 helped them recover lost movement in their limbs quickly, outperforming those in a control group.
Researchers create ultra-sensitive assay to detect DNA damage caused by ionizing radiation and cancer-causing chemicals, showing potential for early detection and treatment of genetic injuries. The new technique is 10,000 to 100,000 times more sensitive than existing methods.
Researchers used a novel test to measure damaging activity of free radicals in body tissues, finding high levels in atherosclerotic plaque tissue. The technique provides a real handle on oxidant processes in atherogenesis and could lead to clinical studies testing efficacy of drugs limiting free-radical damage.