Articles tagged with Cancer Genetics
Scientists at Northwestern University have developed a genetic-based tool called NanoFlare that can detect live circulating tumor cells in the bloodstream. The technology has the potential to improve diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer by providing a more accurate and personalized approach.
Researchers at VCU Massey Cancer Center have discovered a unique approach to treating pancreatic cancer that uses immunotherapy to target cancer cells and stimulate the immune system. The treatment method, known as immunochemotherapy, shows promise in pre-clinical studies with minimal harm to normal pancreatic cells.
A large study of over 35,000 participants found that genetic risk scores for elevated plasma lipids are associated with increased aortic valve calcium and new cases of aortic stenosis. The study suggests a causal link between high LDL-C levels and early stages of aortic valve disease.
UT Southwestern Medical Center is expanding its genetic screening program to 22 North Texas counties, serving underserved populations with HBOC and Lynch syndrome risk. The new grant will connect patients with genetic specialists through telemedicine, increasing accessibility and reducing transportation costs.
A new study using LSU Health New Orleans data found Acadian parishes in Louisiana have the highest colorectal cancer rates among nation's founder populations. The Cajun population, with limited genetic variation, may be linked to the high risk of disease.
Researchers found a potential link between inherited BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and increased risk of salivary gland cancer. The study suggests that people with these gene mutations may require earlier evaluation for salivary gland lesions.
A study published in Nature Genetics has identified a fifth of the genetic factors that cause height to vary between individuals, doubling the number of known genome regions involved in height to more than 400. The research found that simple common genetic variation explains more than half of the factors involved in determining height.
A study published in Science Signaling found that JAK inhibitors can effectively treat over 80% of bowel cancers with a genetic mutation present in more than 80% of cases. The researchers discovered that these inhibitors block tumour growth by targeting the Wnt signaling pathway, with minimal impact on normal cells.
A genetic test for Lynch Syndrome could help reduce the risk of bowel, womb, and ovarian cancers in families. The test would identify individuals who are at higher risk and provide them with risk-reducing measures such as more intensive surveillance to spot recurrences and new cancers early.
Researchers have found a targeted treatment, afatinib, that can stop the growth of aggressive womb cancer cells and shrink tumours. The drug targets faults in the HER2 gene, which lie at the heart of the cancer cells, offering new hope for patients with this rare but deadly form of cancer.
Research by University of Exeter Medical School reveals that systematic testing for Lynch Syndrome in younger bowel cancer patients would identify two-thirds with the condition, avoiding 40 further cases. The test is expected to save lives, money and resources by identifying those at higher risk of developing cancer.
Researchers discovered that a genetic modifier called Pla2g2a can protect against colon tumors in mice, which could have significant implications for cancer research and treatment. The study found that mice with the resistant allele of Pla2g2a had fewer tumors than those with the sensitive allele.
Researchers develop genetic 'instruction set' that creates broadly neutralizing antibodies to target hepatitis C virus. In mice, the treatment prevented infection and eradicated existing infections, offering potential for affordable treatment.
Researchers at VCU Massey Cancer Center have identified a genetic driver of inflammation that can be used to prevent and treat liver cancer. The study found that blocking the expression of AEG-1 halts the development and progression of liver cancer by regulating inflammation.
Michigan State University scientists have discovered the first detailed examination of mutations similar to those present in the human cancer gene. The study reveals that boosting levels of even standard protein can alter fruit flies' eyes and wings, while mutated protein causes consistent and dramatic deformations.
Scientists at VCU Massey Cancer Center have developed a new molecular imaging approach that can image bone metastases from prostate cancer with greater accuracy than existing methods. The new method detects the gene AEG-1, which is expressed in most cancers but not in healthy cells.
A major international study identified 23 new genetic variants associated with increased risk of prostate cancer, explaining a third of the inherited risk. Testing for these variants can identify 1% of men with a risk almost six times as high as the population average.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have identified several new genetic causes of Wilms tumor, a type of kidney cancer found only in children. The most common mutations were found in genes called DROSHA and DICER1, which affect the production of microRNAs that control cell growth.
A recent study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that soy supplementation altered the expression of genes associated with breast cancer. The study involved 140 patients who were randomized to either soy supplementation or placebo, and observed changes in several genes that promote cell cycle progression a...
A new study demonstrates the power of data in improving care transitions by increasing clinical information sharing, hospital clinician contact information exchange, and notification of hospitalization rates. As a result, Rhode Island's overall readmission rate decreased significantly.
The study developed a novel approach for evaluating the relevance of interactions using a Bayesian hierarchal mixture framework. The model successfully identified significant interactions in cutaneous melanoma and lung cancer risk by controlling false positive discovery and estimating parameters.
A University of Utah-led study identifies a genetic variation in Tibetans that contributes to their adaptation to high altitudes. The EGLN1 gene change protects Tibetans from complications caused by low oxygen levels, allowing them to thrive in thin air.
CRI scientists have identified a gene that contributes to the development of several childhood cancers, including neuroblastoma and hepatoblastoma. The study found that overproduction of Lin28b specifically causes hepatoblastoma, while blocking it impairs cancer growth.
Researchers found mutations in the CTR9 gene in six children with Wilms tumour, a common kidney cancer in kids, and discovered that malfunctioning PAF1 complex is likely to cause cancer. The study's findings offer hope for improved treatments and screening for affected families.
Valerie Hu, a GW University researcher, has received a $435K grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences to investigate how environmental factors affect the gene RORA in individuals with autism. Her research aims to understand how endocrine-disrupting compounds may contribute to increased risk for autism.
Researchers at Scripps Florida have identified a link between genetic mutations and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, an oral cancer affecting the salivary glands. The discovery could lead to targeted therapies that target the underlying genetic causes of the cancer.
Researchers identified a genetic switch that stifles blood vessel development and used it to prevent peripheral vascular disease in a mouse model. The study's findings offer hope for new treatments targeting conditions like diabetes and atherosclerosis.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine created a mouse model showing that epigenetic alterations alone can cause cancer. DNA methylation changes led to a higher incidence of spontaneous cancers and reduced survival in the mice.
Dr. Brenner's work has contributed significantly to advancing the field of gene transfer using retroviral vectors in cancer immunotherapy. He is recognized for his contributions to developing genetically modified T cells that can effectively target tumors.
A new UK study reveals that a genetic defect in the melanocortin1 receptor (MC1R) may make people more susceptible to developing melanoma. The study found that MC1R defects contribute to melanoma development by delaying DNA repair and increasing cancerous mutations.
A study found that genetic mutations in liver cells drive tumor formation in iCCA, with mutant proteins impairing liver cell development and increasing the risk of metastasis. Researchers discovered a potential treatment option by targeting IDH1/2 mutations, opening a new line of investigation for biomarkers and life-saving decisions.
The Pew Charitable Trusts and Alexander and Margaret Stewart Trust launched a new scholars program targeting cancer research. Five promising early-career scientists will receive funding for innovative research using genetics, pharmacology, and structural biology.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have identified a genetic pathway that suppresses the spread of ovarian cancer. By studying the genetics of platypus and humans, they found that piRNA genes play a crucial role in preventing the growth of cancer cells.
A new Moffitt Cancer Center study found that patients who received pre-test genetic counseling were more likely to recall having a discussion with their healthcare provider, suggesting improved quality of care. The study also showed that genetic health care providers ordered less expensive testing in cases where it was appropriate.
A new study found that women with breast cancer who test positive for BRCA mutations are more likely to change their surgical plan, typically opting for a double mastectomy and sometimes ovary removal. Genetic testing before surgery can significantly impact treatment decisions, but may not necessarily delay surgery.
Mayo Clinic researchers have identified a new form of cancer caused by a chromosomal chimera, characterized by a biphenotypic sinonasal sarcoma. The rare tumor typically begins in the nose and may require disfiguring surgery to treat.
A new study from University College London reveals that certain human immune genes, known as APOBEC, can mutate DNA in response to HPV infection, leading to cancer. The research identified specific mutations in the PIK3CA gene, which is a common target for new cancer drugs.
The Myriad myRisk test detects significantly more deleterious mutations than single cancer tests and helps solve the overlap dilemma among hereditary cancer syndromes. The test evaluates 25 clinically significant genes associated with eight major hereditary cancers.
A new software tool, pVAAST, has been developed to identify genetic mutations that contribute to an individual's increased risk of developing complex diseases. The tool combines two statistical methods, linkage analysis and association tests, to find disease-causing gene mutations more efficiently.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University and Johns Hopkins University have identified specific genes that are responsible for breast cancer development. The study found that these genes are regulated differently in normal breast tissue compared to cancerous cells, providing new targets for therapy.
Scientists used a new technology called GRO-Seq to map the genes directly regulated by p53, a tumor suppressor gene that helps prevent cancer. The study identified dozens of new genes that are activated by p53, which could lead to new strategies for fighting cancers.
A team of researchers suggests that an epigenetic switch could control rapid growth and differentiation in cancer cells, leading to the development of various cancers. This switch is thought to be reversible, allowing cells to change their characteristics and differentiate into new cell types.
Detailed studies at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital reveal the structural details of how p53 attaches to its regulatory protein BCL-xL, enabling scientists to design drugs that release p53 in cancer cells, triggering apoptosis. The findings have significant implications for developing new cancer-fighting treatments.
Researchers identified potentially actionable mutations in cancers of the appendix using next-generation DNA sequencing. KRAS and GNAS mutations were found to be common alterations in both low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) and adenocarcinoma tumors.
Researchers discovered that FOXM1 and CENPF genes synergistically activate pathways associated with the most aggressive form of prostate cancer. The study identified these genes as a key driver pair in both mice and humans, and found that co-expression correlated with poor disease outcomes.
A recent study published in the Journal of Community Genetics found that only one in twenty-two high-risk women received BRCA genetic counseling. Despite having a diverse population, no significant differences were associated with factors like age, race, or family size. The researchers urge providers and patients to be more aware of th...
Researchers developed a technique to target and quantify breast cancer segments in a single cell using gold nanoparticles tagged with synthetic DNA. The method measures the unique signal produced when light interacts with the nanoparticles, allowing for accurate diagnosis and potential personalized treatment options.
Scientists have identified a genetic variant associated with a higher risk of invasive lobular carcinoma, a type of breast cancer often missed by screening. The study, involving over 6,500 women, found that the variant increases the risk of this cancer by up to 13%.
Research team discovers changes in glutathione redox potentials between cytosol and mitochondria, indicating different redox requirements for each compartment. Inhibition of GSH synthesis leads to increased mitochondrial oxidation in response to GSH depletion.
Researchers have found epigenetic changes that increase the risk of developing cancer, which affect gene expression without altering the genes themselves. The study analyzed 3,500 tumors and identified genetic polymorphisms associated with an increased risk of cancer, highlighting DNA methylation as a key factor in the disease
The technology is being showcased at the AACR Annual Meeting, where researchers are highlighting its potential for cancer research. Studies have demonstrated the use of ddPCR to track treatment response in melanoma patients and quantify mutant genes in plasma and serum.
A clinical trial found that genetic screening can help doctors customize treatments for patients with advanced melanoma, reducing cancer recurrence risk by 63%. The study used ipilimumab therapy and identified biomarker signatures to tailor treatment plans.
Professor Jerry Adams has been elected a fellow of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Academy for his outstanding contributions to understanding genes that provoke cancer and control cell death. His research has implicated key drivers of cancer development and revealed their role in cancer drug resistance.
Researchers identify two distinct types of cells responsible for different breast cancer subtypes, shedding light on the origins of breast cancer diversity. This breakthrough discovery has the potential to revolutionize personalized treatment for patients, reducing unnecessary treatments and improving outcomes.
A faster and cheaper DNA sequencing technique, NGS, will improve care for patients with breast cancer by providing genetic mutation results before treatment begins. This may lead to more women opting for mastectomy instead of breast-conserving surgery, highlighting the need for close monitoring of at-risk patients.
Researchers discovered that the p53 gene is hyperactive in stem cells when cellular damage is present, but not in other cells. This finding suggests that p53's tumor suppression ability may have evolved from its original role in regulating stem cell growth.
Cancer kills flies in a dose-dependent manner, similar to bacterial and viral infections. Researchers have established a system to disentangle the resistance and tolerance mechanisms to cancer in the Drosophila model.
A 3,000 year-old skeleton has revealed evidence of metastatic carcinoma, making it the oldest convincing complete example of cancer in the archaeological record. Analysis suggests that environmental carcinogens or infectious diseases may have caused the cancer.
Researchers identified cancer markers and a previously unknown gene role in airways of smokers with lung cancer, suggesting earlier detection and treatment strategies. The study found that normal-appearing tissue near tumors has tumor-associated molecular abnormalities, potentially aiding in diagnosis and treatment.
Sickle cell trait affects 3 million US citizens, with few aware of their status. Researchers call for improved communication of SCT results to primary care clinicians and genetic counseling on reproductive options