Articles tagged with Cancer Genetics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that smoking significantly increases the risk of an intracranial aneurysm in people who carry common gene variants. The risk increased by more than five-fold when combined with smoking, highlighting the importance of quitting to reduce genetic susceptibility.
The Genetics/Genomics Competency Center is a free, Web-based resource providing materials on genetics and genomics for educators training nurses and physician assistants. The tool helps match existing educational resources with competencies for health professionals.
Researchers at UCLA found a biochemical link between misery and death, as well as a genetic variation that blocks this link. They discovered that individuals with the rare IL6 gene variant were less susceptible to death due to inflammation-related mortality causes under adverse social-environmental conditions.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have used novel technology to analyze the genetic patterns of neuroblastoma, an aggressive form of childhood cancer. The discovery may lead to significant advances in treatment, enabling tailor-made treatments for sub-groups of the most aggressive cases.
Researchers have developed a new tool to understand how cancers grow and identify novel cancer drugs. By analyzing human prostate tissue and engineering specific genetic changes, scientists can create cancer cells from stem cells, providing precise targets for treatment.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a single gene mutation that induces endometrial cancer, which can be treated with a specific drug therapy. The study found that women with this mutation may respond well to 'rapalogs' and could benefit from targeted treatment.
Researchers found that adding three specific molecules to a vaccine increased the effectiveness of protective T cell responses in mice. The quality, not just the quantity, of these responses was enhanced. This discovery could lead to new adjuvants for improving vaccine efficacy.
The study found that disrupting TGFβ signaling leads to the re-expression of silenced genes, reversing tumorigenic properties and putting brakes on cancer progression. This discovery may pave the way for new therapeutic strategies targeting the Smad signaling pathway.
Researchers found a link between the MET proto-oncogene and reduced cancer risk in people with schizophrenia, suggesting an intriguing relationship between cancer-related genes and schizophrenia susceptibility. The study suggests that the gene's activation mechanism may be similar to its role in autism.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center found that proteosome inhibitors can rescue mutant proteins by increasing levels of Hsp70, a chaperone protein. This approach may be used to treat debilitating genetic diseases, transforming them into more manageable conditions.
Researchers have discovered a genetic variant associated with aggressive prostate cancer, which may help identify men at risk of developing the disease. The study found that this genetic marker was present in 25% more men with aggressive disease than those with slow-growing disease.
A new study found that genetic variants associated with increased CRP levels are not linked to an increased risk of cancer. However, the researchers suggest that chronic inflammation may still contribute to cancer development.
Scientists at JGH and McGill University discovered a novel link between phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and protein kinase R (PKR), leading to runaway protein synthesis in cancer cells. This breakthrough could lead to new treatments for deadly forms of cancer, including prostate, brain, and melanoma.
Researchers utilize zebrafish to study human cancer, leveraging transplantable tumors, genetic models, and transgenic fish to understand tumor development and metastasis. The special issue presents innovative approaches for modeling human cancer in zebrafish.
A team of scientists has discovered that the fatal facial tumors decimating Australia's Tasmanian devil population probably originated in Schwann cells. The researchers identified a genetic marker to accurately diagnose the facial cancers, called devil facial tumor disease (DFTD).
Researchers have identified the genetic marker for Devil Facial Tumour Disease (DFTD), a transmissible cancer affecting only Tasmanian devils. The discovery reveals that DFTD originates from Schwann cells, which protect peripheral nerve fibres.
Researchers found that genetic variations in the Sonic Hedgehog pathway increase the likelihood of bladder cancer recurrence, reduce survival time, and limit response to immunotherapy. Patients with certain variations had a significantly shorter recurrence-free survival time compared to those without.
Charles M. Perou has been awarded the AACR's 2009 Outstanding Investigator Award for his groundbreaking research on breast cancer subtypes and racial disparities in diagnosis. His findings have led to a reevaluation of treatment approaches, with his work being incorporated into clinical practice worldwide.
Researchers have identified genes that switch their nuclear position in tumor cells, offering a potential new method of diagnosing cancer. The study found that eight genes consistently relocated in the nuclei of invasive breast cancer cells, allowing for accurate diagnosis with success rates similar to current clinical tests.
Bone marrow transplantation can cause immune deficiency, leading to infections and cancer recurrence due to thymic damage from donor T cells. Research identified key molecules FasL and TRAIL required for this damage, offering potential targets to improve allo-BMT outcomes.
Scientists have identified a gene, AEG-1, that plays a pivotal role in two processes essential for tumor development, growth, and progression to metastasis. The gene's expression is involved in oncogenic transformation and angiogenesis, critical steps for tumor progression.
A new study found that smoking is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer, which progresses over time. The study showed that even smoking fewer cigarettes per day for more years may be more harmful than smoking more cigarettes per day for fewer years.
A study by UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center found TiO2 nanoparticles in cosmetics, sunscreen, and other products cause DNA breaks, chromosomal damage, and inflammation in mice. The researchers suggest limiting nanoparticle exposure to prevent potential health hazards.
Phillip A. Sharp has been awarded the 2010 Herbert Tabor Lectureship for his groundbreaking research on small RNAs, RNA interference, and its potential to revolutionize biology and generate new therapeutics. Sharp's work builds on his landmark discovery of RNA splicing in 1977, which earned him a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
Researchers found that nutlin-3 activates the p53 pathway and suppresses tumor growth in mice models of chemoresistant neuroblastoma. Oral administration of nutlin-3 as a single agent reduced tumor growth and metastasis, providing a potential treatment option for advanced-stage and chemoresistant neuroblastoma.
A new study from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory has found that certain types of aggressive tumors lacking p53 protein can be stopped in their tracks when TAp63, a sister protein, steps in. Researchers were able to shut off tumor growth by increasing TAp63 levels, which induced senescence and prevented cancer cell division.
The Northwestern Physical Sciences-Oncology Center will study genes and their role in cancer, aiming to understand healthy cells to control cancer. The center brings together physical scientists and cancer biologists to use non-traditional approaches.
Researchers followed 79 patients with migraine headaches for five years after surgery, finding promising outcomes for treating trigger sites. The study found that 88% of remaining patients maintained initial positive response to surgery, with 29% experiencing complete elimination of migraines.
A new cancer gene has been identified as the cause of adenoid cystic carcinoma, a slow-growing but deadly form of cancer. The discovery could lead to quicker diagnosis and more effective treatment through genetic testing.
Researchers at University Hospitals Case Medical Center found that African Americans with non-small cell lung cancer have a lower frequency of drug-sensitizing genetic mutations, which may impact response to EGFR inhibitor drugs. The study highlights the need for personalized treatment approaches based on ethnicity and genetic variation.
A massive international study is examining potential genetic consequences of reproductive organs exposed to curative therapy by drugs or radiation. Scientists aim to determine if radiation treatment increases birth defects, stillbirths, and specific conditions like Down syndrome in offspring.
A Tel Aviv University researcher recommends new guidelines for accessing biobanked children's DNA, emphasizing the need for safeguards against privacy risks and potential future discrimination. The approach aims to balance societal benefits with individual privacy rights.
Researchers have discovered 231 new genes linked to head and neck cancer, which could aid in early detection and treatment. These findings may also help monitor disease progression and patient response to therapy.
The University Hospitals Case Medical Center has been awarded the 2009 Quality Leadership Award from the University HealthSystem Consortium, recognizing its excellence in delivering high-quality care. The award is given to teaching hospitals that demonstrate exceptional performance using six domains of care.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine are investigating the role of genetic susceptibility in colon cancer metastasis. By identifying specific genes and variants, they aim to develop new anti-cancer therapies and improve patient outcomes.
A new study from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center suggests that genetic risk of prostate cancer can be reduced by rescuing critical immune system cells. In mice with a gene called lymphotoxin alpha, these cells come back and delay tumor formation, potentially slowing cancer growth and spread.
Research at the University of Cincinnati found that individuals with the CHEK2*1100delC gene variant are more susceptible to developing cancer, particularly in women. The study suggests a stronger link between the gene and breast cancer in females compared to males.
Johns Hopkins researchers identified a strong genetic alteration associated with the ability to clear hepatitis C without treatment. The study found that people carrying a specific variation of the IL28B gene were more likely to successfully eliminate the virus from their bodies.
A study found that 50% of families with a genetic risk of bowel cancer declined genetic testing due to fear of insurance rejection. Researchers urge the Australian government and insurance industry to reconsider their stance on genetic information, which can reduce morbidity and mortality.
A new computational method called CHASM sorts through hundreds of genetic mutations to highlight those most likely to promote cancer. The tool enables researchers to focus on the mutations with the highest risk of triggering tumors, speeding up efforts to identify genetic cancer risk factors.
A new study found that unmarried cancer patients who are separated at diagnosis have poorer survival rates compared to widowed, divorced, and never married patients. The researchers suggest that the stress of separation may compromise an individual's immune system and lead to a greater susceptibility to cancer.
Scientists at the University of North Carolina have found that drugs targeting ERBB3 could be more effective in killing colon cancers resistant to current EGFR inhibitors. Genetic studies show that blocking ERBB3 can significantly reduce cell growth and induce cell death in human colon cancer cells.
Researchers at USC have identified novel genetic mechanisms that govern an individual's risk of developing prostate cancer, highlighting the role of gene 'deserts' and regulatory sequences. The study found that genetic variations in these regions can modulate gene expression, increasing the risk for certain diseases.
A new mouse model reveals that hyaluronic acid plays a critical role in skeletal growth, chondrocyte maturation, and joint formation. The discovery opens possibilities for future research into age-related diseases such as arthritis and skin aging.
Researchers discovered epigenetic changes in mice with chronic lymphocytic leukemia that occur before disease symptoms appear. These findings suggest an early methylation test could predict cancer development and delay its onset.
Researchers have used innovative approaches to deduce the internal structure of chromatin, reconciling a decades-old controversy. The new finding could unlock the mystery behind cancer origins and other diseases. Chromatin's complex combination of DNA and proteins regulates genetic processes like DNA replication and transcription.
Researchers have discovered a new gene fusion, NDRG1-ERG, that produces a protein potentially targeted by drug therapies. This finding may improve prostate cancer testing and treatment options.
Researchers at McGill University discovered significant genetic disparities between blood and tissue cells, undermining the validity of genome-wide association studies. This finding has implications for vascular diseases, such as abdominal aortic aneurysms, where tissue samples are often used.
A new study identifies a group of individuals born with genetic mutations that increase their risk of developing colon cancer. The study found that these mutations affect the glycosylation process, leading to alterations in mucus production and tumor development.
A novel DNA repair pathway, referred to as DNA hairpin repair (HPR), targets TNR hairpin removal in the daughter strand to ensure fidelity of TNR sequences. This finding may be responsible for TNR instability in diseases such as Huntington's disease.
A new study found that African-American patients with breast, ovarian, and prostate cancer tend to die earlier than patients of other races, even when controlling for medical treatment and socioeconomic factors. The analysis of over 20,000 patient records suggests a potential role for genetic factors in the survival gap.
A new study has identified a second gene linked to familial testicular cancer, raising the risk of men with a family history. The PDE11A gene's mutations are found in about one out of every five families studied, and may modify an individual's susceptibility to developing a tumor.
A new study found that high intake of dietary fats, particularly from red meat and dairy products, is associated with a higher risk of pancreatic cancer. Men and women who consumed more total and saturated fats had significantly higher rates of pancreatic cancer compared to those with lower fat consumption.
Scientists at the Salk Institute have identified a pivotal role for two enzymes, WWP-1 and UBC-18, in regulating lifespan in response to diet restriction. The study found that overexpressing WWP-1 extends lifespan in worms, while depleting UBC-18 negates the effects of caloric restriction.
A genetic glitch called copy number variation in a single chromosome is associated with neuroblastoma. Researchers have identified this link, which could lead to the development of targeted therapies for the disease.
Dr. Jeffrey Friedman of Rockefeller University identified leptin as the 'satiety factor' behind obesity and type 2 diabetes, shedding light on chemical and genetic factors involved in the condition. The discovery has opened possibilities for future pharmaceutical treatments, influencing research worldwide.
A new study from the University of Utah Health discovers that sperm delivers more complex genetic material than previously thought, which may promote healthy baby development. The research also raises concerns about how a man's aging, health, and lifestyle affect fertility and embryo development.
Researchers have identified a key gene, eIF4G1, overexpressed in the majority of cases of IBC, leading to rapid metastasis and high mortality rates. The study's findings could lead to new approaches and therapies for treating IBC.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that females are at a higher risk of developing gastric cancer than males when their mothers have a history of non-gastric cancer. The research analyzed family histories of 2260 patients with gastric cancer and identified key genetic and environmental factors contributing...
A study analyzing the mutator hypothesis found that cancer cells' efficient pathways to cancer are often driven by genetic instability, supporting the hypothesis. This discovery has implications for cancer therapy, as it may enable cancer cells to rapidly evolve resistance.