Articles tagged with Cancer Patients
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Researchers have identified new genetic drivers of cancer in non-coding regions of the genome, finding that many cancers are driven by mutations in these areas. The study confirmed previously reported drivers and invalidated others, while also identifying novel putative driver rearrangements near genes called AKR1C.
A recent study published in Geriatrics & Gerontology International found that cancer patients with dementia were less likely to achieve a good death compared to those without. The study's authors emphasize the importance of enhancing end-of-life care discussions and improving symptom management for these patients.
A study of over 2,500 tumor genomes reveals that most cancer cells use alternative mechanisms to lengthen their telomeres, increasing their lifespan. The researchers discovered unique variations in these telomere sequences and their integration into the genome, which may hold clues for developing targeted treatments.
Researchers have identified 81 distinct mutational signatures in human cancer genomes that can help reveal the origins and development of various types of cancer. These signatures can provide insight into factors that have mutated a cell's genetic material and inform new strategies to prevent, diagnose and treat the disease.
The Pan-Cancer Project has created the most comprehensive map of cancer genomes to date, improving our understanding of cancer and its diagnosis. Researchers have identified key regions controlling gene expression and discovered a 'carbon dating' method to pinpoint mutations in tumors years before they appear.
Researchers found CNVs to be genomic modifiers of ASD/DD risk in individuals with PHTS, providing insight into the disorder's clinical outcomes and potential predictors for medical management. The study suggests CNV burden analysis may aid in predicting clinical outcomes for other clinically heterogeneous disorders.
Researchers have established new guidelines for analyzing patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in cancer clinical trials, aiming to provide more consistent and comparable Quality of Life (QoL) results. The adoption of these standards will ensure that trial results are more reliable and beneficial for patients.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found that patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who received lower-than-recommended doses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy experienced a complete response and tumor shrinkage similar to those receiving the full dose.
Research found that high CO2 levels drive the aggressiveness of pancreatic tumor cells and their resistance to treatment. Increasing CO2 levels in cell cultures also showed increased growth and aggression, while common chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy were less effective against high-CO2-cultured cells.
A long-term follow-up study found that psilocybin therapy significantly improves emotional and existential distress in cancer patients, with sustained benefits lasting nearly five years. The study's results suggest that psilocybin may provide a useful tool for enhancing the effectiveness of psychotherapy.
A new research team will focus on detecting gastric cancer at an early stage, potentially saving thousands of lives. The team will use advanced technologies to identify biomarkers in the blood that indicate the presence of gastric cancer.
New research from UT Southwestern Medical Center shows how AI can generate optimal treatment plans in near real-time, streamlining the process and reducing delays of up to a week. This can decrease the odds of cancer spreading by 12-14%.
SU2C's new health equity initiative aims to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in cancer research, addressing socio-economic, cultural, trust barriers that prevent minority participation. The organization requires grant proposals to include diverse patient recruitment and retention plans.
Researchers have discovered a two-drug combo that can counter resistance to a promising new breast cancer therapy. The combination of neratinib and everolimus effectively blocks the growth of cancer cells with HER2 mutations, providing a novel treatment option for patients with these types of cancers.
The GW Cancer Center is conducting a phase II clinical trial examining the safety and effectiveness of Libtayo in reducing tumor size and preventing recurrence in high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. The study aims to enroll over 75 participants and build on preliminary results from similar trials.
The European Parliament has launched a new report on radioligand therapy, highlighting its potential to improve targeted cancer care. The report identifies barriers to adoption and recommends increasing multidisciplinary care and boosting real-world data collection.
Researchers found that only 0.1% of cancer patients were enrolled in clinical trials as their first course of therapy after diagnosis. White males with private health insurance and metastatic cancers are more likely to enroll, but the low enrollment rate is still troubling due to the potential for increased life expectancy.
Researchers at Cardiff University have discovered a new type of killer T-cell with a unique T-cell receptor (TCR) that recognizes and kills most human cancer cells while ignoring healthy cells. This breakthrough has the potential to create a 'one-size-fits-all' cancer therapy, targeting a wide range of cancers in all patients.
A new algorithm uses machine learning to identify genes that spur tumor growth by linking DNA mutations to altered functionality. The method can predict and validate cancer-driving genes in any database or real population sample.
A research team at Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center has identified VISTA as a molecule that regulates immunity and limits the damage it can cause. Blocking VISTA may enhance the host's ability to make protective tumor-specific immune responses, leading to potential therapeutic response to cancer.
New research suggests lactate is a catalyst that triggers cancer forming process in mutated cells. The study's findings open a new door to better understand cancer at the metabolic level and could lead to targeted therapies.
A rapid diagnosis centre has reduced waiting times for patients with non-specific symptoms who may have cancer to under 6 days. The study also found that if the RDC runs at full capacity, Swansea Bay University Health Board could save £157,858 and gain 9.2 quality-adjusted life years.
Researchers at Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center suggest a new approach to treating advanced, progressing bile duct cancer. The study found that adding an mTOR inhibitor may re-sensitize tumor cells to FGFR inhibitors in patients who develop resistance to these agents.
A Phase III clinical trial found that eating seven or more servings of vegetables and fruits daily did not provide extra protection against prostate cancer. Despite this, a healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables may help patients tolerate cancer treatments.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center discover a direct connection between thrombin and TGF-b1, a cytokine promoting tumor progression and suppressing immune responses. Blocking this mechanism prevents tumor resistance to immunotherapy and increases tumor-infiltrating immune cells.
A $300,000 grant will help UniSA researcher Dr Stephanie Reuter Lange explore how computer-based modelling can optimise cancer treatment and remove the need for expensive clinical trials. The goal is to tailor drug dosages to individual patients to maximise tumour response and minimise side effects.
Research shows that HPV-negative oropharynx cancer patients are at a significantly higher risk of dying from any cause within two years. In contrast, HPV-positive patients have a lower risk of dying from head and neck cancer and other types of cancer.
Researchers analyzed genome-scale data from male adolescents to understand changes in stem cells during puberty. They found that testosterone is crucial for maintaining mature testis development, and disruptions can lead to infertility and increased risk of testicular cancer.
A new study shows that the 21-gene recurrence score test, commonly used to predict disease recurrence and chemotherapy benefit in breast cancer patients, may also help determine whether radiation therapy is necessary. Patients with intermediate or high scores are more likely to see their cancer return and benefit from radiation.
Researchers found that surgically removing the entire tumor can boost median survival length from eight months to 16 months or more. The study analyzed data from 103 patients and suggests surgery may be a viable treatment option for brainstem high-grade gliomas, which are rare and deadly brain cancers.
The study found significant tumor shrinkage in two out of three patients with salivary gland tumors treated with T-DM1. The benefit lasted for at least two years in one patient, suggesting a promising activity for this rare cancer type.
A team of researchers at Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center has collected real-time data to show that light is produced inside the eye during head and neck radiation therapy, elicitng a visual sensation. This evidence supports the idea that Cherenkov light emission from the eye can cause a visual effect.
A new study strengthens the link between vitamin E acetate and EVALI (e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury), finding it in BAL fluid from 48 of 51 EVALI patients but not healthy individuals. The CDC analyzed samples from 16 states and compared them to 99 healthy individuals.
A study published in JAMA Oncology found that proton therapy is just as effective as X-ray radiation therapy in treating cancer, but causes fewer side effects and lower hospitalization rates. This could lead to improved quality of life for patients and reduced healthcare costs.
Researchers found that younger patients with stomach cancer often present with more aggressive disease, a worse prognosis, and reduced effectiveness of traditional chemotherapy treatments. The study highlights the importance of increased awareness and early detection for this increasingly prevalent form of stomach cancer.
Researchers have developed a new approach to study the bone marrow in unprecedented resolution, revealing previously unknown cell types and their local environments. The study provides a novel basis for studying blood diseases such as leukemias and has made its dataset publicly accessible for further research.
A new study explores women's knowledge and perceptions of breast density and breast cancer screening across three states with varying notification laws. Women from all states had varying knowledge about their own breast density and breast density in general, and expressed a strong desire for more information.
A Hebrew University research team has discovered a potential link between the BCG vaccine and reduced Alzheimer's disease risk in cancer patients. The study found that those who received the BCG vaccine had significantly lower rates of developing Alzheimer's compared to those who did not.
Researchers are assembling the largest dataset of veterans with either condition or both to compare conditions and outcomes. They hope to find correlations between mental health and prostate cancer aggressiveness and explore biological risks like inflammation.
The Affordable Care Act provision allowing young adults to be covered under their parents' insurance led to improved care for colorectal cancer patients. Young adults diagnosed with stage IIB-IIIC colorectal cancer were 34% more likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy post-ACA compared to pre-ACA.
The NCI-MATCH trial found a 36% response rate across various cancers with DNA mismatch repair deficiencies, including rare and uncommon tumor types. The results provide an important signal for further study and potential treatment options.
Researchers developed a new classification system for tumors based on genome sequencing, assigning patients to one of sixteen groups. The system provides important information for diagnosis and treatment, including potential responses to immunotherapy.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 randomized clinical trials found evidence suggesting acupuncture and acupressure can reduce cancer pain. The studies showed varied but generally positive effects on pain reduction, with some suggesting improved outcomes in patients receiving acupuncture or acupressure.
A recent study published in Nature Communications used AI to analyze pathology images from human cancer patients and identified new features relevant to cancer prognosis. The AI's predictions were found to be more accurate than those made by human pathologists, with a higher accuracy rate when combined with human-established criteria.
A novel assay developed at the Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown uses zebrafish 'avatars' to test radio-sensitivity in human tumor cells. The assay has shown promising results, with 85% success rate in predicting how tumors will respond to specific drugs.
Researchers discovered a key factor, USF1, that inhibits p53 activity, promoting gastric cancer development. USF1 levels can indicate poor prognosis and help identify patients at higher risk of severe forms of gastric cancer.
A large US population-based analysis found that breast cancer survivors face significant non-cancer-related deaths, including heart diseases and Alzheimer's. Most deaths occurred within 10 years of diagnosis, with patients at higher risk for chronic liver disease and other conditions compared to the general population.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine identified a three times higher incidence of VTE among African American patients compared to Caucasian patients. The study also found that African American patients were more likely to develop VTE in certain cancer types such as lung, gastric (stomach) and colorectal.
Researchers found a microbiome signature associated with endometrial cancer risk, particularly in postmenopausal women, and verified established risk factors including obesity and high vaginal pH. The study aims to develop a screening tool for early detection of endometrial cancer.
Researchers at UCLouvain have made breakthroughs in understanding the immune system's role in cancer. They developed a new drug targeting immune system cells to stimulate anti-tumour responses, and are now testing it in human clinical trials.
Researchers found that standard pathology tests provide better information on likely outcome and best treatment options for patients with bladder cancer than molecular subtyping techniques. The study suggests that more study is needed before molecular subtypes are used to guide patient care.
Researchers found that residual cancer burden index and classification are accurate and reliable tools to assess patient prognosis. The results suggest that continuous RCB index can predict risk of breast cancer recurrence across all four breast cancer subtypes.
A novel noninvasive technique using acoustofluidics analyzes saliva for the presence of human papilloma virus-16 (HPV-16), associated with oropharyngeal cancers. The test detected OPC in 40% of patients tested and 80% of confirmed cases, offering early detection, risk assessment, and screening.
The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics recommends evaluating all breast cancer patients for hereditary predisposition. However, they caution that there is insufficient evidence to support genetic testing for BRCA1/2 or multi-gene panels in all breast cancer patients.
Researchers found that colon cancer cells deficient in p53 use the mevalonate pathway to survive, producing ubiquinone to synthesize new DNA. Statins inhibit this pathway, inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.
Recent study suggests a modest association between radioiodine treatment for hyperthyroidism and increased risk of solid cancer, including breast cancer. The Society for Endocrinology and British Thyroid Association advise caution in interpreting the findings and highlight the need for further research.
The European Research Council has awarded €2 million to Ruben van Boxtel's research on late effects of childhood cancer treatment, focusing on developing second cancers. Van Boxtel aims to identify the components of treatment that cause DNA changes and predict patient risk for developing a second novel cancer.
Gastric intestinal metaplasia is a marker associated with increased risk of gastric cancer, prompting the need for standardized clinical practice. The new AGA guideline provides evidence-based recommendations for testing H. pylori eradication and surveillance strategies.
A Phase II study found that pairing standard chemotherapy azacitidine with the drug enasidenib significantly boosts complete remission in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and IDH2 mutations. The combination therapy was well-tolerated and showed improved overall response rates compared to chemotherapy alone.
A new combination therapy of lower-dose chemotherapy and monoclonal antibodies has shown a 98% response rate in older patients with newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The three-year survival rate was 54%, with 30 patients in complete remission without signs of minimal residual disease.