Articles tagged with Disease Control
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that while black and white Americans have the same amount of early kidney disease, black patients are five times more likely to progress to end-stage renal disease. This disparity may be due to differences in blood pressure control, quality of care, and access to healthcare.
The NIH has launched a $200 million grant initiative to tackle 14 grand challenges in global health, including creating effective vaccines, controlling insect-borne diseases, and improving nutrition. The program aims to engage creative minds globally to develop practical solutions to pressing health issues.
The study found that up to half of hospital-acquired infections are preventable and that many hospitals lack adequate resources to prevent these infections. The research highlights the need for improved infection control measures to protect patients and staff.
A study by James Lloyd-Smith and colleagues found that hospital-wide infection controls are crucial in preventing disease transmission. The research highlights the importance of general infection control measures over specific precautions for known cases, particularly in developing countries where resources may be limited.
Researchers found that reducing salt concentrations shrinks DNA toroids by shrinking both diameter and thickness. This discovery could improve gene delivery efficiency in gene therapy and DNA-based vaccines.
A recent study found that infection control practitioners' perceptions of the bioterrorism threat can leave them unprepared in case of an attack. The survey, conducted by Saint Louis University, revealed that those in rural areas and the Midwest felt less at risk than urban residents.
Plant pathologists and experts will discuss Soybean Rust's potential impact on US agriculture, citing significant yield losses and costly fungicide control measures. The symposium will focus on disease management tools, resistant breeding programs, detection methods, and a new USDA Action Plan.
Researchers predict nicotine inhalers will be safer than cigarettes, reducing premature death from coronary artery disease, respiratory-tract cancers, and other causes. Studies suggest widespread use of inhalers could significantly reduce smoking-related illnesses and meet the Healthy People 2010 goal
A Pinellas County, Florida study found that switching from chlorine to monochloramine significantly reduced legionellae bacteria in drinking water supplies, preventing outbreaks of the disease. Monochloramine may be a first community-based intervention strategy for controlling Legionnaires' disease.
Improving patient-physician communication is crucial to overcoming the barriers of low health literacy, according to Dr. Darren A. DeWalt. Studies have shown that patients recall only half of what healthcare providers tell them, and factors like anxiety and severe illness can further impede this process.
Researchers found that poorly controlled diabetes in adults aged 60 and older is associated with lower cognitive function scores. The study suggests that improving blood sugar control may help reverse dementia related to diabetes.
The study found that the GlucoWatch Biographer improved diabetes control in children by detecting hypoglycemia more frequently and reducing average HbA1c levels. The device was well-tolerated, with only one subject experiencing a mild skin reaction.
A new study has found that cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers may be effective in detecting early stages of Alzheimer's disease, with a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 89%. The researchers suggest that these biomarkers could be used to identify people at risk of developing the disease.
The report, endorsed by national not-for-profit research organizations, urges a 10% increase in the NIH budget to address Alzheimer's, diabetes, and arthritis. This investment could lead to major medical advances and alleviate suffering from aging-related diseases.
The Canadian Medical Association Journal reports on the hospital's experience managing the outbreak and reorganizing care. Dr. David Patrick of the BCCDC discusses why BC's case numbers are low, despite being a hotspot for travel from Asia.
Researchers discovered that the removal of MTase1, a viral protein, did not impact virus replication rates in tissue culture. This finding suggests that proteins essential to virus function may be more complex than previously thought, with implications for understanding virus behavior and potential applications in pest control.
The study found that despite an increase in the number of trauma centers, many communities still lack access to adequate trauma care, particularly in rural areas. The inventory revealed a significant disparity in the distribution of trauma centers across the country, with level I and II centers concentrated in metropolitan areas.
Researchers found naturally occurring fungi effective in controlling plant mites and powdery mildew diseases without chemical pesticides. This breakthrough reduces costs and environmental damage associated with traditional pest control methods.
The US Fish and Wildlife Service has awarded Virginia Tech's Conservation Management Institute a contract to develop a national database for chronic wasting disease (CWD) research. The database will enable scientists to share information on the disease, improving their ability to address it nationwide.
Researchers found Kindler syndrome patients develop periodontitis at a younger age and experience rapid progression of the disease. The study also revealed significant differences in periodontal destruction between Kindler and control groups.
A significant body of evidence suggests that folic acid supplements have no association with an increased likelihood of having a multiple birth. In this large-scale Chinese study, around 240,000 women who used daily folic acid supplements did not show a higher rate of multiple births compared to those who did not use supplements.
A recent study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that medical devices used in procedures like bronchoalveolar lavage can pose a risk of contamination, leading to infections and even fatalities. The study suggests implementing federal standards for recall notices sent to physicians who use the devices.
A study of Parkinson's patients found that those with advanced disease are at greater risk for motor vehicle collisions due to motor and cognitive dysfunction. The study also revealed no correlation between self-reported moving violations and total collisions on the simulator.
A new set of guidelines, known as Clinical Glidepaths, aims to improve treatment decisions for older adults by considering individual probabilities of life expectancy and function. The 24 paths cover various common problems faced by elderly patients, allowing clinicians to tailor care to each patient's unique needs.
A study found that children of centenarians had a lower prevalence of high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes compared to controls. They also tended to weigh less and have higher education levels and daily function-activity levels.
Researchers found that asthma patients frequently move between severity categories, with no single parameter reliably predicting overall severity. This variability may lead to underestimation or overestimation of asthma severity, emphasizing the importance of proper management and daily maintenance treatments.
The University of Louisville has been designated as a CDC biodefense center, equipped with resources and expertise to research and prepare for bioterrorism attacks. The center will conduct epidemiological and communications research to ensure quick responses to potential epidemics.
A team of researchers, led by Josef Penninger, found that the PTEN and PI3K alpha and gamma proteins work together to regulate heart size. They also discovered that when these proteins are shut down, large hearts can pump more efficiently than normal-sized hearts.
A recent study found that individuals who were always slim or participated in varsity athletics had a higher risk of developing ALS and other motor neuron diseases. The researchers suggest that vigorous physical activity may contribute to the development of these conditions, but further studies are needed to confirm this association.
The Disease Control Priorities Project (DCPP) will analyze cost-effectiveness of health interventions, providing data for policymakers to make informed decisions. The project aims to develop highly effective, affordable health solutions that can be emulated globally.
A study by Pennsylvania State University researchers found that having control over a situation can reduce an individual's cardiovascular disease risk. Participants in a video game experiment were either told they could control the noise level or not, and those who felt in control experienced lower blood pressure and reduced stress on ...
The £20 million grant will support the development of local and international partnerships to improve training and treatment delivery, with a focus on emulating the program's success in other countries. The initiative aims to reduce the burden of schistosomiasis in Africa by providing effective control measures.
The African HIV-1/AIDS epidemic is reaching catastrophic levels, with significant implications for the region's healthcare infrastructure. Co-existing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), malaria, and tuberculosis further complicate the situation, highlighting the need for comprehensive interventions to mitigate these consequences.
A recent study published by the NIH found that approximately 6-7% of women experience regret after tubal sterilization, with a higher risk for those who have experienced conflict with their husbands. The study also discovered that only 2% of women request reversal of either procedure.
The WHO's annual report on global TB control reveals a persistent gap in detection rates, with expanded DOTs and cash injections needed to reach targets. Sex disparities also emerge as a significant issue, with women being infected at a higher rate than men, highlighting the need for tailored research and policies.
Researchers found a link between non-traditional jobs and social roles with increased coronary heart disease and death. Men who identified as househusbands had an 82% higher 10-year death rate compared to working men.
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health study emphasizes the importance of involving adolescents in their own health promotion. Young people offer a unique perspective and valuable insights that can improve survey design, outcomes, and overall effectiveness.
A new vaccine targeting ticks' gut wall could significantly reduce their fertility and larval survival, decreasing the risk of diseases like Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis. The development comes as tick-borne diseases are increasing in the UK and becoming more prevalent globally.
The University of Michigan has launched a new Center for Genomics and Public Health, which aims to narrow the gap between genomics and public health practice. The center will examine population-based data to describe genes associated with cardiovascular disease and understand their interaction with other risk factors.
Researchers successfully controlled a cursor using only brain signals from six neurons, enabling real-time and complex goal-directed behavior. This technology may one day restore interaction with the environment for paralyzed individuals.
Researchers found a significant link between sarcoidosis and family history, with affected individuals more likely to have siblings or parents with the disease. Air pollution during adolescence also affects lung function growth and performance, while improved HIV treatment reduces the risk of pulmonary complications.
The US government is investing in bioterrorism research through seven new initiatives, aiming to develop vaccines and treatments for diseases like anthrax and smallpox. The initiatives will also support basic research and partnerships between academia, industry, and government.
Severe periodontal disease poses significant threats to pregnant diabetics, exacerbating the condition and pregnancy outcomes. The American Academy of Periodontology recommends routine periodontal exams for pregnant diabetic women.
Menkes' disease is a fatal illness caused by copper deficiency, affecting male infants typically, causing death by age 3. Researchers now study the normal function of the gene involved in development and what causes its absence or defect., The disease is named for John Menkes who first described it at Columbia University in 1962.
A recent study by Imperial College London has provided insights into the Foot and Mouth epidemic in Great Britain, revealing that large farms with many animals are more infectious and susceptible to disease. The analysis also highlights fragmented farms as a significant risk factor for transmission.
A new study calls for UK childhood screening of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency, a metabolic disorder affecting up to 1 in 9000 people. The condition can be controlled with carbohydrate intake, but severe neurological damage occurs if diagnosed late.
Campers receive controlled dietary intake of calcium, allowing researchers to track bone density changes and determine optimal levels. The goal is to establish guidelines that will help slow bone density decline after middle age.
Researchers used voxel-compression mapping to identify early structural brain changes in individuals with preclinical Alzheimer's disease. The study found that progressive atrophy began 3 years or more before symptom onset, suggesting a presymptomatic phase of increased tissue loss.
A new study found that living in poorer neighborhoods increases the likelihood of developing coronary heart disease, with a 70-90% higher risk for whites and 30-50% for blacks. The study controlled for individual factors but still showed a significant link between neighborhood quality and heart disease risk.
A major review reveals osteoarthritis is a complex disease, but outlines new approaches to understanding, preventing, and treating the condition. The study emphasizes the importance of a healthy lifestyle, including exercise and weight management, in reducing disability and slowing disease progression.
A large clinical trial found that tamoxifen does not increase cardiovascular risk in healthy women or those with coronary heart disease. Women who received tamoxifen had the same rate of cardiovascular events as those receiving a placebo, regardless of prior heart problems.
Researchers have identified a new form of programmed cell death called paraptosis, characterized by the formation of vacuoles and mitochondrial swelling. This alternative pathway may offer novel therapeutic targets for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
A Yale study of over 51,000 participants found that taking aspirin daily reduces the risk of a first heart attack by 32%. However, it did not significantly reduce overall stroke or cardiovascular death rates, and may increase the risk of hemorrhagic stroke.
The Mayo Clinic report concludes that the available data are insufficient to draw definitive conclusions about the use of soy isoflavones as an alternative to estrogen for hormone replacement in postmenopausal women. Randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials are necessary to address the potential benefits and risks of isoflavone use.
Short-term travelers to high-risk areas are at risk of getting typhoid fever, particularly those visiting India and Pakistan. The CDC recommends vaccination for travelers who have prolonged exposure to contaminated food and drink.
A new study finds that black men are 33% more likely to develop hip osteoarthritis than white men, while black women are twice as likely to develop the condition. Weight disparities account for comparable differences in women.
The American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene has warned of an emerging dengue fever crisis in South Texas. The region's high population density and abundance of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are fueling increased disease transmission, with risks including epidemic dengue hemorrhagic fever and death.
A study found that at least 25% of Eco-Challenge participants developed leptospirosis after returning home. The CDC reports that swimming in the river was the only independently significant risk factor for infection. Travelers should investigate location risks to minimize infectious disease exposure.
A study by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found that Duke University football players transmitted a Norwalk-like virus to their Florida State University opponents after eating contaminated food. The transmission was attributed to people touching each other's hands, uniforms, and possibly the football itself.
A study of over 220,000 adults found that nearly two-thirds of long-term uninsured adults go without medical care due to cost, particularly those in poor or fair health. This poses a significant public health risk, as these individuals are more likely to experience complications and early death if they do not receive necessary medical ...