Articles tagged with Gastroenterology
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A study of 55 gastrointestinal endoscopists found that 89.1% reported musculoskeletal pain, with severe pain affecting 47.3%. The study suggests different ergonomic mechanisms for symptom development based on experience level, highlighting the need for prevention and management strategies.
A new type of stent design prevents bleeding due to mechanical mucosal lesions. Individual stent designing alleviates late complications associated with stent treatment, leading to successful outcomes in palliative stent implantation.
Research found that apoptosis in liver cells leads to decreased total and free choline compound concentrations, but synthetical choline remains unchanged, providing insight into the puzzle of early-stage apoptosis changes.
A patient with bone marrow hypoplasia contracted HCV through blood transfusion, yet maintained normal liver function despite high serum ferritin levels. The study highlights the complex relationship between HCV infection and immune status, suggesting potential for extra-hepatic manifestations such as arthritis and vasculitis.
A new therapeutic option for human hepatocyte cancer has been identified, leveraging parvovirus H-1 oncolytic therapy. The treatment targets p53-deficient tumors and induces apoptosis, potentially overcoming resistance to genotoxic agents.
Researchers found that mirtazapine increased appetite and reversed weight loss, while fluoxetine suppressed food intake and promoted weight loss. These antidepressants had no effect on pancreatic tumor growth.
Researchers found that quadruple therapy is effective in treating H. pylori-related diseases, but side effects can compromise patient compliance. Modifying the regimen or educating patients about side effects can improve treatment outcomes.
Research suggests that electrocautery shovel is a viable alternative to ultrasonically activated scalpel in laparoscopic rectal cancer operations, achieving similar clinic effects while reducing costs. The study's findings support the use of electrocautery shovel in laparoscopic surgery with proper technique and anatomical understanding.
Research reveals T tube patients with duodenal-biliary reflux, sphincter of Oddi hypomotility, and abnormal gastrointestinal hormone secretion. The disorder may cause recurrence of gallstones.
A case of ulcerative colitis complicated by Strongyloides stercoralis infection is reported. The patient's symptoms worsened after corticosteroid treatment, leading to the diagnosis of parasitic infection. Treatment with anti-parasitic drugs resulted in complete recovery.
A study of 236 advanced gastric cancer patients found that the metastatic lymph node ratio is significantly correlated with five-year survival rates and can be used to project survival rates. The MLR also reflects the extent and efficiency of lymphadenectomy.
The study found that rebamipide enema therapy significantly reduced mean fasting period and duration of hospitalization compared to conventional therapy. The degree of ulcer healing also showed a favorable trend, although not statistically significant.
A new endoscopic technique using EMR-L with 3D-EUS has shown promising results in the complete resection of rectal carcinoids. The study demonstrated a significantly higher rate of complete resection compared to traditional EMR-L alone, with a vertical resection margin also increasing.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that Gecko has anti-tumor effects by inducing apoptosis and down-regulating protein expression of VEGF and bFGF. This mechanism may provide a foundation for its effective constituent and offer an alternative to chemotherapy.
A previously asymptomatic man developed a huge peritoneal mass after spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma. The association between the metastatic tumor and viral infection, AFP level, or age was lacking due to few reported cases.
Four patients with pre-exposed lamivudine resistance experienced rapid re-emergence of YMDD mutations and significant viral rebound after lamivudine re-treatment. Sequential administration of lamivudine is discouraged in these cases.
A meta-analysis of 22 studies found that endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is highly accurate in staging gastric cancer, with higher sensitivity and specificity for advanced disease. EUS can help determine the most appropriate treatment approach for patients with gastric cancer, including curative or palliative therapies.
Researchers detected extensive microsatellite alterations in D3S1616, D5S346, D2S123, D3S1300 and D18S58 loci in the metaplasia-dysplasia-adenocarcinoma sequence of Barrett esophagus. These findings suggest that these markers may be useful for early detection of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
A 22-year-old woman swallowed a 12-cm long toothbrush handle, leading to duodenal perforation. Despite failed endoscopic removal, surgery revealed the injury and highlighted the importance of early intervention for gastric foreign body ingestion.
A case of false positive octreoscan in Crohn's disease was reported in the World Journal of Gastroenterology, highlighting a potential misdiagnosis. The study found that immunohistochemical studies did not reveal somatostatin receptors in the sample, and no explanation for the abnormal uptake was determined.
Claudin-1 expression transformation is positively correlated with gastric carcinoma invasiveness and metastasis. The study found that the transformed rate of claudin-1 expression significantly relates to the degree of differentiation and depth of invasion in gastric carcinomas.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found potential benefits of continuous wound infusions of local anaesthetics in reducing opioid consumption after laparotomy for major colorectal surgery. The study highlights the need for future research on this topic, including addressing methodological heterogeneity and cost-effectiveness analysis.
Researchers investigated rebamipide's intestinal permeability and found that an absorption enhancer, C12, increased its absorption in the colon. The study suggests using chitosan capsules as a specific delivery carrier for rebamipide to treat colitis effectively.
The OB glue paste technique effectively establishes orthotopic transplantation models of human gastric cancer in nude mice. Observations showed that the success rate of transplantation, hepatic metastasis, and pulmonary metastasis rates were significantly high for both tumor strains.
The study found that increasing age, BMI, and concomitant diseases are predictors of gallstone disease in males and females. Pain in the right hypocondrium or epigastrium is the only symptom associated with GD, and symptom severity increases as a function of the natural history of the disease.
Researchers found taurine to significantly decrease organelle injury scores and improve hepatocyte recovery in experimental liver fibrosis. Taurine's ultrastructural changes were also correlated with light microscopy findings, suggesting its potential as an antioxidant drug.
A new case report reveals the successful use of ERCP to diagnose biliary rhabdomyosarcoma in a child, obviating the need for surgery. The treatment involves chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with ERCP providing an effective alternative for some patients.
Researchers found 61.1% of steroid-naive UC patients entered remission after leukocytapheresis sessions, suggesting its efficacy as a second-line treatment. Endoscopic findings can predict the treatment's success, making LCAP a suitable option for moderately active UC patients.
A study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found that HeF A expression levels are significantly higher in multidrug-resistant strains of H. pylori compared to their susceptible counterparts. The HeF A mutant was more susceptible to four out of ten antibiotics, confirming its role in multidrug resistance.
A rare case of lobulated-type inflammatory myoglandular polyp (IMGP) in the ascending colon was reported. The patient experienced hematochezia and was successfully treated with endoscopic polypectomy, showcasing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers tested two Ayurvedic herbs, Curcuma longa and Tinospora cordifolia, in a clinical trial to evaluate their ability to prevent hepatotoxicity. The results showed that the formulation was safe and effective in preventing liver damage, with only 0.06% incidence of mild hepatotoxicity compared to 14% in the control group.
BAMBI overexpression is correlated with aggressive tumor phenotypes and predicts tumor recurrence in CRC. A new active monoclonal anti-BAMBI antibody may offer improved survival for CRC patients and serve as a diagnostic tool.
A recent study on halothane hepatitis in Iran found that a large percentage of cases could have been avoided by following strict guidelines. The researchers suggested avoiding halothane use in female patients with a history of surgery or delivery under general anesthesia to reduce the risk of HH.
A new study combines endoscopic treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid to effectively treat non-transplant patients with biliary cast syndrome. The approach led to normalization of liver function tests and improved symptoms in a 76-year-old diabetic patient.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that gemcitabine-oxaliplatin combined with Huachansu improved the quality of life in patients with advanced gallbladder carcinoma, with a disease control rate of 65.2% and median overall survival of 10.5 months.
Research found that high alpha-catenin expression is associated with increased lymph node involvement and progressive disease in colorectal cancer. Alpha-catenin also showed distinct patterns in tumors of different colon locations, highlighting differences in molecular pathways between proximal and distal colon cancers.
A study analyzing 75 right hepatectomies in living donors found that complications occurred in 30.6% of cases, with biliary tree reconstruction being the most common issue. Despite this, no life-threatening complications or deaths were reported among donors.
A study found that community-based use of treatment for US gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma varies depending on clinical and non-clinical factors. Chemotherapy and chemoradiation are associated with improved survival rates, while anatomic site differentiation is crucial for effective treatment.
Researchers have developed a new microbubble agent, Sonazoid, that enhances the sensitivity of contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography (CE-IOUS) for detecting occult liver lesions in patients with colorectal cancer. CE-IOUS using Sonazoid allows for longer imaging times and improved detection of metastases during hepatectomy.
A study explores the connection between intestinal mucosa barrier function and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), finding that impaired barrier function may contribute to the disease's pathogenesis. The research suggests that lipid peroxidation reactions in intestinal tissue could be a key factor in NASH.
Research reveals a high incidence of hepatitis B virus infection among IBD patients, with 17% positive for anti-HBc and 2.3% positive for HBsAg. Studies suggest immunosuppressive drugs used in IBD treatment worsen HBV liver disease, emphasizing the importance of lamivudine use and HBV vaccination for high-risk patients.
Fluorouracil-related pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is a newly reported case. The mechanism of this condition is unclear but may be related to altered mucosal blood flow and bowel toxicity. Researchers highlight the need for clinicians to monitor patients for potential complications during fluorouracil chemotherapy.
A recent study reviewed clinical data from 219 patients with large area burns to propose guidelines for preventing gastrointestinal dysfunction. Comprehensive fluid resuscitation, early excision of necrotic tissue, staged food ingestion, and administration of specific nutrients were found to be essential strategies in lowering mortality.
A Finland research group investigated the effect of a three weeks probiotic LGG intervention on serum global lipidomics profiles in healthy adults. The result showed decreases in certain lipids and increases in triacylglycerols.
The AGA Institute concludes that CT colonography is a viable colorectal cancer screening option, detecting 90% of large polyps. However, small polyps are less detectable, and radiation risks are still uncertain. Colonoscopy remains the definitive test for early detection and prevention.
Researchers developed a simplified clinical score to predict active bleeding in UGIB patients. The study showed that early or delayed urgent endoscopy can be differentiated according to the score, allowing effective treatment of high-risk patients.
Researchers investigated DNA damage response pathway in HBV infection and replication, finding ATR-dependent activation triggered by HBV infection. The study suggests targeting specific cellular factors for inhibition or restoration of p21 expression as potential therapeutic strategies.
Research shows Lactobacillus bulgaricus can prevent H. pylori lipopolysaccharide-activated TLR4 pathway, reducing IL-8 production and promoting gastric epithelial cell survival. The study suggests a novel relationship between probiotics and pathogenic bacteria in regulating inflammatory responses.
A new study confirms that colorectal cancer screening should begin at age 50, with colonoscopies being the most effective method for preventing the disease. The study found that the prevalence of colorectal polyps increases sharply after age 50, and African Americans have a higher rate of right-sided polyps.
A new study published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that transient elastography, a non-invasive technique, can accurately diagnose late-stage liver disease. The study showed high correlation between LSM and pericellular fibrosis, allowing for better prediction of cirrhosis
A new study by researchers at the Medical College of Wisconsin found that high-volume hospitals for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) surgery have significantly lower in-hospital mortality rates and shorter post-operative hospital stays. Additionally, there was no increase in length of stay or hospitalization costs in these centers.
A new study found that the prevalence of pre-cancerous masses in the colon is similar between average-risk patients aged 40-49 and 50-59. This suggests that colon cancer screening may be feasible at an earlier age, potentially reducing incidence and saving lives.
The AGA Foundation has awarded $225,000 to seven young gastroenterologists to support their research over three years. The goal is to encourage young investigators and improve patient care through digestive diseases research.
A recent case report indicates that laparoscopic biliary tract reoperation is a safe and viable option for patients with choledocholithiasis who have failed or are contraindicated for endoscopic sphincterotomy. The procedure appears to be feasible when performed by experienced laparoscopic surgeons.
The combination of sodium phosphate and bisacodyl impairs small intestine quality during capsule endoscopy, accelerating transit time but having no effect on CE quality. Further studies are needed to identify effective preparation procedures.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that Pakistani patients with genotype-3 HCV who achieve rapid virological response (RVR) within four weeks of therapy are more likely to achieve sustained virological response (SVR). Patients with initial high levels of ALT were also more likely to attain RVR.
Researchers investigated using gene therapy to inhibit NHE1 in human gastric carcinoma cells, leading to apoptosis of tumor cells. The study found that inhibition of NHE1 reduced malignant phenotypes and restrained tumor cell survival.
Thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) expression correlates with the progression of fibrosis and angiogenesis in experimental cirrhosis. The study suggests that TSP-1 may contribute to wound healing response to liver injury by inducing angiogenesis.
A rare case of ischemic colitis was caused by the obstruction of mesenteric and splenic veins, leading to impaired colonic venous drainage. Long-term follow-up is necessary due to limited information on this condition.
Researchers found Prometheus liver support does not worsen systemic hemodynamics but lacks equal benefits as MARS treatment. The study concludes that extra-corporal liver support with albumin dialysis should not be withheld due to safety concerns.