Articles tagged with Insulin Secretion
Researchers found that impaired peroxisomal function can increase insulin secretion while promoting insulin oxidation and disrupting pancreatic beta cell maturity. Healthy peroxisomes play a role in protecting insulin from oxidative modification and degradation, and helping beta cells maintain their specialized characteristics.
A new book by University of Virginia Health System expert Daniel J. Cox outlines a practical alternative to medication for managing pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes. The GEM program emphasizes smart eating, physical activity, and listening to the body to regulate blood sugar levels.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute found that enhancing protein-folding processes can help prevent harm to insulin-producing cells. The study revealed the importance of a chaperone protein called binding immunoglobulin protein and its cochaperone protein p58 IPK in maintaining proper proinsulin folding.
A study by researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo has identified a key gene, DOCK10, involved in abnormal insulin secretion in insulinomas. The findings pave the way for novel diagnostic biomarkers and treatment options.
A new study from the University of Victoria found that higher insulin levels at age 47 predicted younger onsets of hot flashes and night sweats. Insulin may be a stronger predictor of hot flashes when taking other metabolic variables into account, while body mass index (BMI) appeared more closely associated with estrogen level changes.
A controlled feeding study out of South Dakota State University shows that older adults who reduced ultra-processed foods naturally consumed fewer calories, lost weight and abdominal fat, and showed improvements in insulin sensitivity and inflammation. This study provides evidence that the Dietary Guidelines for Americans can deliver s...
A study published in Science Advances found that the ketogenic diet can have potentially dangerous impacts on metabolic health, including impaired blood sugar regulation and fatty liver disease. Mice fed the diet developed severe metabolic complications, with some changes starting within days.
Researchers found that a combination of nicotinamide, a-lipoic acid, thiamine, pyridoxamine and piperine reduced AGEs, sticky plaque-like molecules, to curb hunger, lower insulin resistance and extend lifespan in mice. The compounds also reversed some molecular hallmarks of hypothalamic aging.
A new study from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) reveals that glucose uptake is poorly managed in β-cells from people with Type 2 diabetes, leading to reduced insulin secretion. Restoring proper GLUT trafficking could slow disease progression and personalize therapies, according to the researchers.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet found that a Western diet can cause long-lasting damage to the blood vessels of pancreatic islets, leading to impaired glucose metabolism. The study's findings highlight the importance of preserving islet vascular health in metabolic diseases.
Researchers identified biomarkers like uric acid and bile acids as critical regulators of arterial stiffness and inflammation in adolescents with obesity. These findings provide new avenues for early intervention to prevent the progression of vascular stiffness and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at Kyoto University have developed a new non-invasive diagnostic method for insulinomas, which achieved 100% diagnostic accuracy in a Phase II clinical trial. The new method using positron emission tomography (PET) probe successfully detected cases difficult to diagnose through existing methods.
Research suggests flavonoids improve insulin sensitivity, enhance β-cell function, modulate the gut microbiota, inhibit gluconeogenesis, and regulate enteroendocrine hormones in type 2 diabetes management. Flavonoid-specific effects on GLP-1, GIP, PYY, and CCK secretion contribute to improved glycemic control.
A team of scientists has successfully developed a novel platform for diabetes treatment utilizing bioink derived from pancreatic tissue and 3D bioprinting technology. The HICA-V platform replicates the structure and function of the human endocrine pancreas, supporting islet maturation and functional enhancement.
A study by University of Gothenburg researchers found that consuming sulforaphane from broccoli sprouts improved blood sugar levels in people with prediabetes. The compound had a significant effect on fasting blood sugar levels, particularly in those with certain pathophysiological and microbiome characteristics.
Scientists at the University of Würzburg have discovered that fruit fly nerve cells release insulin into the haemolymph when ingesting sugar, not when it's injected directly. This phenomenon is similar to the incretin effect in humans, suggesting complex mechanisms controlling insulin secretion.
A new study identifies molecular mechanisms of the progression from gestational diabetes to type 2 diabetes, finding reduced levels of sphingolipids in blood and a mutation in gene CERS2 linked to risk. The discovery could lead to new therapies and interventions to reduce the risk of this progression.
The BBVA Foundation has awarded four researchers for their fundamental discoveries about the GLP-1 hormone, which has driven the development of new generation drugs for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity. The research also shows exciting therapeutic potential in neurological conditions such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.
A Brazilian researcher at Harvard identified serotonin as the central role in postprandial hypoglycemia, a common complication of bariatric surgery. The study found that serotonin levels increase significantly after meals in affected individuals, unlike those without symptoms.
A new study from Queen Mary University of London has identified the genetic drivers of early onset type 2 diabetes in South Asians, revealing a strong link to lower insulin production and unfavorable body fat distribution. The research also sheds light on treatment responses, highlighting the need for precision medicine approaches.
A recent study published in Nutrition & Diabetes found that consuming over 45% of daily calorie intake after 5 p.m. is associated with increased glucose levels, regardless of individual weight or body fat composition. This can lead to a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic inflammation.
The EAT2 study, led by Dr. Ursula White, investigates the lasting health effects of short-term weight gain and loss on fat tissue and overall health. Participants will undergo a dietary intervention program followed by an eight-week weight loss treatment.
Researchers at Brown University have found a way to extend the lifespan of flies by suppressing a hormone that regulates insulin secretion. The study suggests that certain medications used to treat human obesity and diabetes may also impact aging, making it a promising area of research for future studies.
Scientists discovered the highest natural blood sugar levels in mammals, found in a species of bats that can survive on a diet rich in sugars. The study's findings suggest that these bats have evolved unique strategies for glucose regulation, which may hold potential for managing metabolic diseases in humans.
Scientists have generated a comprehensive map of gene targets regulated by HNF4A and HNF1A in human pancreatic beta cells and liver cells. The study identified novel gene targets in pancreatic beta cells that may play roles in regulating insulin secretion, providing valuable insights into potential therapeutic targets for diabetes.
A Flinders University study found that exposure to brighter light at night is associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The research used data from approximately 85,000 people and tracked their light levels for nine years.
A potential new strategy for reducing diabetes risk associated with antipsychotic medications involves co-administering drugs that block dopamine receptors in the brain alongside those that stop these same receptors in the pancreas. This approach may limit metabolic side effects and improve glucose metabolism.
Researchers developed an antioxidant gel to preserve islet function after pancreas removal, significantly improving survival and preserving normal blood sugar levels in animals. The new approach could enable patients to live pain-free without complications of diabetes.
A comparative study of four major type 2 diabetes medications reveals differences in medication acceptance, quality of life, insulin secretion, and mortality. The GRADE Study found that younger age and higher blood sugar levels at baseline were associated with poor blood sugar control over time.
A HKUST research team identified TMED10 as a protein that facilitates the secretion of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), which is crucial for muscle stem cell differentiation. The study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying IGF2's functions and suggests potential therapeutic strategies to modulate its signaling.
Researchers from Cornell and University of Alberta have developed an under-the-skin implant that can secrete insulin without immunosuppression. The approach offers an easier alternative to traditional transplants or insulin injections, with the potential for long-term management of Type I diabetes.
A drug currently in clinical trials as a cancer therapy can also stimulate pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin, revealing a new mechanism for insulin regulation in type 2 diabetes. The preclinical discovery provides a new chemical tool for probing the biology of diabetes and could lead to better treatments.
A preclinical study by Weill Cornell Medicine researchers reveals that activating a pathway to promote cell division can expand insulin-producing cells without impairing their function. The study's findings support the concept that beta cell mass can be expanded without compromising function.
Research finds that hyperglycemia-induced hypoxia disrupts pancreatic beta-cell function, leading to impaired insulin secretion. Overexpression of BHLHE40 impairs insulin secretion by reducing MAFA expression.
Researchers have designed an implantable device that carries hundreds of thousands of insulin-producing islet cells and has its own on-board oxygen factory, generating oxygen by splitting water vapor. The device was tested in diabetic mice and maintained normal blood glucose levels for at least a month.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen reveals that GDF15 improves insulin sensitivity in rodents, particularly in their liver and fatty tissue. This finding raises interesting perspectives for treating type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, as increased insulin sensitivity is a critical indicator of health.
The study reveals that obesity-induced oxidative stress degrades CtBP2 protein, impairing pancreatic beta-cell function. This finding highlights the importance of targeting CtBP2 as a potential therapeutic strategy for obesity-related diseases.
A recent study by Pennington Biomedical Research Center identifies GDF15 as a protein that acts as a cellular signal to enhance insulin secretion. High-intensity exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes was found to have elevated levels of GDF15, associated with improved glycemic control.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals the controlled release of mucins and insulin by cells, with tetraspanin-8 acting as a gatekeeper. The regulated secretion is biphasic, involving rapid and slower releases of granules, which can be targeted to reset deregulated mucin and insulin secretion.
Researchers have identified a number of candidate genes that may drive the development of conditions like Type 2 Diabetes. The study found that proteins such as PCSK1, SUR1 and GLUT2 play a role in calcium ion dynamics and insulin secretion.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have successfully converted human stomach stem cells into insulin-secreting cells, offering a promising approach to treating type 1 and severe type 2 diabetes. The transplants reversed disease signs in mouse models, suggesting good durability.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that patients with Type 2 diabetes who have full chewing function have significantly lower blood glucose levels compared to those with impaired chewing ability. The research highlights the importance of dental care and occlusal function in managing blood sugar levels.
Researchers at Lund University have identified five subgroups of type 2 diabetes in India, characterized by genetic differences and varying levels of severity. The study suggests that early life undernutrition may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes in India, while vitamin B12 deficiency is also a significant factor.
A clinical study by Indiana University School of Medicine researchers found that oral verapamil can improve pancreatic beta cell function in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes, with a 30% increase in insulin secretion over the first year. The trial involved 88 participants and was published in JAMA.
A University of Minnesota-led study shows that verapamil can increase pancreatic insulin secretion by 30% in children with newly-diagnosed type 1 diabetes. The treatment was well-tolerated and had a favorable safety profile, making it an appealing option for children and adults with the condition.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation found that PAX5 is strongly associated with impaired insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes. The research team identified 94 previously known genes and discovered many new genes differently expressed in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Researchers discovered microexons, short DNA sequences that play a vital role in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. The study found that genetic variants affecting microexon inclusion are linked to type-2 diabetes risk and fasting blood sugar levels.
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has identified 14 pancreatic islet miRNAs associated with human type 2 diabetes. The study used a large sample size of nearly 65 human pancreatic islets to uncover these miRNAs, revealing potential mechanisms for disease development and novel therapeutic targets.
A systematic review found that higher vitamin D intake was associated with a 15% decreased likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes in adults with prediabetes. Inexpensive vitamin D supplementation could delay the development of diabetes in over 10 million people worldwide.
Researchers found that clearance of p16Ink4a-positive cells did not impact β-cell mass, but improved β-cell function and proliferative capacity in a subset of HFD mice. The targeted subpopulation of β-cells is non-proliferative and non-SASP producing.
Researchers at WashU Medicine discovered a link between obesity and diabetes, highlighting the importance of an enzyme in fatty acid processing. The study suggests that defects in this enzyme contribute to insulin hypersecretion and beta cell failure, paving the way for potential therapeutic interventions.
Researchers discovered that physical activity suppresses insulin-producing cells in fruit flies, allowing for efficient energy replenishment. This finding has implications for human health, as reduced insulin activity is linked to healthy ageing and longevity.
Researchers found that xanthan gum-based fluid thickener decreases postprandial blood glucose levels by increasing Glp1 and Glp1r expression in the ileum. Additionally, the study reveals alterations in gut microbiome composition, favoring beneficial bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids to protect intestinal cells.
Researchers at Osaka University identified T-cadherin as a factor that feeds back a lack of insulin to pancreatic β cells, inducing their proliferation. This finding suggests a potential new treatment for diabetes by targeting T-cadherin.
A team of scientists has identified a key gene that enables beta cells to communicate with each other, enabling the pancreas to respond to glucose by insulin secretion. The discovery could help create replacement beta cells for diabetes therapy in the future.
Researchers identified protein levels that were higher or lower than normal in tissues from individuals at different stages of type 2 diabetes. The study found a correlation between metabolic pathway disturbances and disease progression, suggesting new potential causal mechanisms for the disease.
A study by the University of Geneva team shows that disrupted circadian clocks lead to a rigidity in the membrane of pancreatic endocrine cells, affecting their function. The researchers also found that lipid profiles oscillate more during the day than previously thought, particularly in phospholipids and sphingolipids.
A recent study published in Nutrients suggests that regular quinoa consumption can help prevent type 2 diabetes. Researchers replaced carbohydrate-rich foods with quinoa and found a significant reduction in post-meal blood sugar spikes. By mitigating this spike, quinoa may play a crucial role in preventing the progression of type 2 dia...
Researchers have found that infusing glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) hormone can improve impaired islet cell function in the pancreas of cystic fibrosis patients, potentially improving blood sugar control and treatment burden. The study suggests a new therapeutic approach for treating cystic fibrosis-related diabetes.
Researchers at University of Basel found that the sight and smell of a meal stimulate an inflammatory response in the brain, which affects insulin secretion. In overweight individuals, this response is excessive and can impair insulin function.