Articles tagged with Insulin Secretion
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Researchers at the University of Oxford have developed a cheap and efficient method to discover new drugs for type 2 diabetes. They identified a small molecule called Ned-19, which plays a crucial role in insulin secretion, representing a brand new target for diabetes drugs.
A systematic review of insulin analogues found that they have minimal impact on managing type 1 and 2 diabetes, as well as gestational diabetes. However, rapid-acting insulin analogues may be cost-effective for adults with type 1 diabetes. Experts recommend educational programs to manage sugar levels over insulin analogues.
A study published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology found that berberine increases insulin sensitivity in rat islets through the modulation of HNF4 alpha expression and glucokinase activity. Berberine enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in a dose-dependent manner.
Researchers at Uppsala University develop new image analysis methods to study the release of insulin and cAMP in beta cells. The findings show that ATP causes an increase in cAMP concentration, which varies rhythmically and coincides with variations in calcium signals, resulting in pulsatile insulin secretion.
Researchers found that administration of triflusal increased insulin secretion significantly in relation to dose size, but did not improve insulin sensitivity. The study's findings suggest salicylates may have a therapeutic benefit in the fight against type 2 diabetes in obese individuals.
Researchers at WashU Medicine found that fat cells release an enzyme called Nampt, which enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells. This discovery could lead to new methods for improving glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic or insulin-resistant individuals.
A low-glycemic load diet was found to promote greater weight loss and improvements in HDL cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations among obese individuals with high insulin secretion patterns. However, no significant differences were observed between the two diets for those with normal insulin secretion.
Researchers at the Salk Institute found that knocking out the urocortin 3 gene protects mice against high-fat diet's harmful effects by reducing insulin production. This study suggests a new peptide plays a role in insulin secretion, offering potential therapeutic benefits for treating type 2 diabetes.
Researchers have developed a non-invasive method to measure beta cell mass in individuals with diabetes using PET-based quantitation of VMAT2 receptors. This approach allows for the estimation of beta cell mass in rats with type 1 diabetes, providing insights into the pathogenesis of diabetes and potential therapeutic interventions.
Researchers at Tufts University found that a low-glycemic-load diet facilitated greater weight loss in overweight adults with high insulin secretion, but not in those with low insulin levels. The study suggests that measuring insulin secretion may help personalize weight-loss diets.
A team of researchers has discovered that microRNA miR-375 regulates insulin secretion, opening up new avenues for understanding and treating diabetes. The study's findings define a biological function for a mammalian microRNA gene and highlight the importance of collaboration between computation and experiment in modern biology.
Researchers have developed a mouse model that replicates the clinical features of type 2 diabetes, enabling studies on pathogenesis and testing of new therapies. The strain of mice, generated by selectively mutating an insulin-like receptor in muscle cells, fully recapitulates the disease's progression.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center found that fat cells can trigger insulin resistance in muscle and liver, leading to type 2 diabetes. The study, published in Nature, reveals a potential new target for diabetes treatment and prevention by disrupting the communication between fat cells and other tissues.
A diagnostic test allows physicians to identify a rare, severe imbalance of insulin levels in newborns, which can be cured with organ-sparing surgery. The test differentiates between diffuse and focal forms of congenital hyperinsulinism (HI), enabling targeted treatment.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have developed transgenic mice that overexpress hepatocyte growth factor, leading to increased beta cell proliferation and insulin production. The study suggests that this approach may lead to new therapies for diabetes by enabling islet cells to proliferate and produce insulin more effectively.
The CARDIA Study found that high-fiber diets are associated with lower insulin levels, weight gain, and other cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy, young black and white adults. The study of nearly 3,000 participants over 10 years revealed a significant inverse association between fiber consumption and CVD risk factors.
Researchers found that stress and coping measures can affect blood sugar control in people with diabetes. The study's biopsychosocial model suggests that psychological factors interact with biological factors to regulate blood sugar levels.
A new study reveals that adult-onset diabetics may be suffering from an 'imbalancing act' caused by a key enzyme called PFK, which regulates glucose metabolism. The researchers found that mice with abnormally high levels of the PFK-L sub-unit developed symptoms of Type II diabetes.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed an oral delivery method for insulin that may eventually treat human diabetes. The method uses a gel-like material to protect insulin from stomach enzymes, allowing it to release the drug in a location where it can work.
Research reveals that insulin resistance is a significant risk factor for atherosclerosis in white and Hispanic populations, affecting up to 90% of diabetics and 10-20% of non-diabetics. In contrast, African Americans are not found to have the same association, despite being four times more likely to suffer from strokes.
Researchers found that C-peptide protein repaired damaged blood vessels and nerves in diabetic rats, suggesting a new approach to preventing cardiovascular disease in both types of diabetes. The protein's unique mechanism of action may be key to understanding its effects on cell function.
Researchers found that leptin reduces insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells by interacting with receptors and activating ion channels. The study suggests that treatment with leptin or sensitizing drugs may help prevent diabetes in obese individuals with fasting hyper-insulinemia.
A graduate student at Purdue University has developed a gel-like material that expands and contracts in response to changes in acidity, mimicking the natural response of the body. The gel could be used as a 'molecular gate' to deliver insulin in real-time, responding to glucose levels.
Researchers at Duke University found that pre-treating insulin-producing pancreatic islet cells with glutathione preserves their ability to regulate sugar levels. This advance could overcome a major hurdle in the transplantation of islet cells into humans as a treatment for diabetes.