A USC study of over 1,000 children on Mauritius found a strong link between malnutrition and aggressive behavior, with malnourished kids showing a 51% increase in violent and antisocial behavior by age 17. Poor nutrition was linked to lower IQ, which in turn led to later antisocial behavior.
Physicists at NIST create an optical nose technique that can identify a single atom or molecule in gas samples with minute concentrations. The method uses infrared laser beams and mirrors to detect gases at very low pressures and varying frequencies.
The Peabody Archives at UGA will digitize over 5,000 vintage TV tapes using a robotic system, preserving American history and culture for scholars and researchers. The grant is part of the Save America's Treasures program, supporting the preservation of national significance.
A new study published in Annals of Pharmacotherapy found that beta blockers reduced hospital stays and atrial fibrillation by 59% and 55%, respectively. Early use of beta-blockers also led to significant reductions in patient death, fluid in the lungs, and need for a balloon pump.
A recent analysis of over 57,000 high-risk heart attack patients found that those who received morphine had a 6.8% death rate, compared to 3.8% for those receiving nitroglycerin. Morphine use was linked to an increased risk of mortality and another heart attack in the hospital.
A new framework for assessing multi-user, computer-supported cooperative systems is proposed by researchers at Penn State. They found that students who had better awareness of their collaborators' activities were more effective in collaborating on science projects. The study introduced new system features to support improved awareness ...
A study by Kevin Svitana found that an underground aquifer containing toxic chemicals is being kept trapped beneath old riverbeds, preventing them from reaching the Ohio River. The unique interaction between the aquifer and river appears to be due to the presence of permeable sands and gravels in the subsurface geology.
A four-year study found grandmothers caring for children experienced greater stress and depressive symptoms compared to non-caregivers. Adequate emotional and physical support can make a significant difference in their health and ability to provide care.
Researchers have developed a method to visualize the Z machine's key process using a single-frequency crystal. The images reveal that wires do not uniformly disintegrate, but instead heat and melt, with electrical current diverted to the plasma surrounding the dense wire cores.
Researchers found that the fungal genome's sex-determining region shares similarities with the human Y chromosome, including cluster formation of functionally related genes. This discovery may provide insight into infertility in fungi and humans, as well as disease mechanisms in C. neoformans.
A new study examined ACTOS and Avandia's lipid-altering effects in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results suggest looking beyond glycemic effects to potential lipid benefits, which could inform treatment strategies.
A recent study reveals that adolescent gamblers are at risk of experiencing psychiatric problems, including substance use issues and depression. The research found that these issues are comparable to those faced by adult problem gamblers, highlighting the need for further examination of the impact of gambling on younger age groups.
Researchers are studying the genetic mutations that make mosquitoes resistant to pyrethroid pesticides, a key strategy for controlling diseases like St. Louis encephalitis and West Nile encephalitis in Texas urban areas. The study aims to develop new methods of mosquito control to prevent resistance.
Researchers aim to block harmful immune response in brain inflammation and remove beta amyloid plaques with anti-CD40 ligand antibody and investigational vaccine. The study builds on previous USF laboratory studies tracking the role of microglia in Alzheimer's disease.
Heavy lifetime alcohol users have a 60 percent greater risk of developing metabolic syndrome compared to those in the lowest category. The study found that drinking patterns independently predict the risk of metabolic syndrome.
Chronic daily headache (CDH) affects a significant percentage of the population, with substantial disability and quality-of-life impact. Physicians and patients need to be educated on medication-overuse headaches, which can be prevented by carefully examining medical history.
Scientists at Ohio State University discovered ancient fossils of arthropods composed of tiny bacteria fossils, providing evidence of exceptional preservation. The bacteria self-fossilized, replicating the body of the animal and preserving its shape and texture.
A study found that assisted living facilities have suboptimal rates of recognizing and treating dementia and psychiatric disorders. Approximately 67% of residents had dementia, with low treatment rates, and 26.3% suffered from other psychiatric disorders.
A new algorithm system has significantly reduced the breast augmentation re-operation rate to 3% in a seven-year study. The algorithms help determine the right implant and procedure for each patient, improving patient safety and satisfaction.
A study by Saint Louis University researcher Amanda Harrod found that 73% of young families in Missouri's bootheel don't consume enough fruits and vegetables. Parents who eat out frequently also tend to have less produce at home, often due to a lack of taste preference.
Researchers found that statins decrease abnormalities associated with antiphospholipid antibodies, which can cause recurring blood clots. Statins may provide an alternative therapy to warfarin for patients with aPL.
A review of ovarian cancer treatment controversies highlights potential caveats in the current standard first-line therapy. The study suggests that optimal management questions remain, including the effectiveness of doublet platinum-cyclophosphamide and higher doses.
A school-based intervention increased vigorous physical activities and decreased sedentary behaviors among African-American children, particularly girls. The study found a significant increase in high-intensity physical activities and a decrease in sedentary behaviors after the eight-week PE program.
A new study by Dr. Katherine Hartmann found that women experience significant improvements in self-reported pelvic pain and depression two years after hysterectomy. The study involved nearly 1,300 women who reported a reduction in symptoms, with the group experiencing both conditions showing the most improvement.
A team of researchers has discovered that microRNA miR-375 regulates insulin secretion, opening up new avenues for understanding and treating diabetes. The study's findings define a biological function for a mammalian microRNA gene and highlight the importance of collaboration between computation and experiment in modern biology.
Researchers found that masked hypertension, a blood pressure condition where patients have lower office readings but higher 24-hour averages, poses an independent risk for target organ damage. Emotion-cognitive variables play a significant role in how patients appraise the seriousness of their heart attack symptoms.
This study found that different health state value measures produced varying estimates of utilities and QALYs in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The use of SF-6D generated lower utilities compared to HUI3, which may impact the conclusions about treatment value.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have discovered that certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as celecoxib, can inhibit bicarbonate transporters, compromising the body's ability to balance pH in cells. This can negatively impact recovery from heart attacks.
Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital are testing a new Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) treatment for major depression. The study aims to prove the effectiveness of TMS as a treatment alternative and compare its effects with placebo, with the goal of securing FDA clearance for clinical use.
Research suggests that high doses of vitamin E supplements may increase the risk of death from any cause, with no benefit found at doses of 200 IU per day or less. The analysis, which included findings from 14 studies, found that taking greater than 400 IU of vitamin E per day increases mortality risk by about 10 percent.
The new Keck images capture unusual weather phenomena on Uranus, including a big southern hemisphere storm feature that seesaws over 5 degrees of latitude. The complex cloud formations vary dramatically in size, brightness, and longevity, with some dissipating completely within a month.
A study of 29 adolescents who had been conceived through 'open-identity' sperm donors found that all but one young person had a neutral or positive response to their origins. The majority expressed curiosity about their donor and sought a connection, not a paternal relationship. This finding contradicts stereotypes and suggests that op...
Researchers developed a mouse model that replicates human adult onset alopecia areata, shedding light on the disease's complicated genetic basis involving multiple genes. The study provides insights into treating AA and other complex polygenic diseases.
Research funded by ESRC found that organisations with informal contact networks are more flexible and effective in responding to environmental crises. Informal networking broadens knowledge, establishes trust and enables quicker decision-making in emergencies.
A study analyzing hospital adherence to treatment guidelines and mortality rates found that hospitals following guidelines had a 37% decline in death rates, while those with worsened care saw a 3.1% increase. This suggests that quality improvement initiatives can significantly save lives.
A three-year study of over 46,000 seniors in Washington state found that peak CAP rates coincide with flu season and are more common among men. Quitting smoking and getting influenza vaccinations can reduce the risk of pneumonia, while other factors like heart problems and dementia increase vulnerability.
Researchers have discovered that tiny exosomes extracted from donor cells can capture recipient immune cells, promoting transplant tolerance by delivering antigen. This approach may provide a promising alternative to traditional immunosuppression therapies.
Tailoring interventions to patient needs increases sustainability and improves outcomes in Ischemic Heart Disease. Patients benefit from clinician-led secondary prevention strategies.
A Cashmere High School student was selected as an American Fisheries Society Hutton Scholar to participate in a summer-long research program. The student conducted field observations on individual fish and studied the effects of human activities on aquatic ecosystems.
The study highlights the need for improved decision-analytic models to capture the complexity of PD symptoms and treatment complications. Long-term effects of treatment on clinical symptoms and health-related quality of life are crucial in evaluating PD interventions.
The $4.1 million award will enable Dr. Virginia Armbrust to study the importance of phytoplankton in mediating global warming through their genomic sequences and community interactions. This research aims to understand how changes in the environment impact phytoplankton abundance, which is crucial for predicting climate change effects.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified Notch2 as a key gene target in childhood brain tumors, medulloblastoma. High levels of the Notch2 gene are associated with poorer outcomes and cancer cell growth promotion.
Researchers have developed a transistor that fuses carbon nanotubes with polymers to create a capnography sensor detecting subtle changes in CO2 concentrations. This technology may provide a new tool for emergency responders to monitor patients' respiratory patterns and verify breathing tube placement.
Researchers at Saint Louis University found that frequent church attendees eat 26% more powerhouse fruits and vegetables than those who don't. These nutrient-dense foods include citrus, cruciferous, dark green leafy greens, and bright orange carrots.
Researchers found that Philip Morris used a German-based research facility to study the health effects of tobacco smoke in the early 1970s. The company allegedly concealed this information from the public and even within its own executives, publishing only selective results that supported the industry's interests.
Baycrest has implemented a state-of-the-art CPOE/CDS system to improve medication prescribing and reduce adverse drug events. The system provides real-time feedback on high-risk decisions, eliminating errors caused by misinterpretation of handwritten prescriptions.
A University of Edinburgh health study found that people with previously undiagnosed diabetes are at a similar increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease as those with known diabetes. The researchers suggest using simple fasting blood sugar tests to identify individuals at high risk of heart disease and stroke.
Binge drinking was associated with a 73% higher death rate after heart attacks compared to non-binging patients. The study also found that survivors who binged during the year prior to their heart attack were 1.91 times more likely to die of any cause in the next several years.
Recent Keck Telescope images of Uranus reveal an inner ring and high-altitude clouds with vigorous convection, indicating the planet is not static. The findings contradict previous assumptions about Uranus being a dull and unchanging planet.
Researchers found that wasps with broken-up facial patterns signal their quality and status. Those who don't signal honestly receive social sanctions, including harassment from dominant wasps. The study provides conclusive evidence that dishonest visual signals have a social cost in the wasp world.
Researchers found that Hispanic Americans were 36% less likely than non-Hispanic whites to have properly controlled cholesterol, while Chinese Americans showed no difference. Treatment was often insufficient to meet recommended goals, with only 22% of patients who qualified for medication having their LDL cholesterol under control.
The CorCap Cardiac Support Device has been found to significantly improve heart function and reduce the likelihood of needing a heart transplant in patients with moderate to severe heart failure. The device is an investigational mesh-like 'heart jacket' that prevents further enlargement during chest surgery.
Scientists have developed a new method to isolate the light from compact regions of black holes using polaroid filters. This allows them to focus on the area surrounding the black hole, revealing new signals such as the 'Balmer edge' feature that provides information about material properties.
A recent study supports the use of mechanical assistance as a standard of care for treating acute and chronic heart failure, particularly in high-risk patients. The findings have implications for funding artificial heart programs, increasing access to this life-saving treatment.
Researchers found drug-eluting stents were used quickly, with a high rate of 'off-label' usage, particularly among older patients, African-Americans and those without insurance. The study suggests the need for randomized clinical trials to study long-term safety and effectiveness.
Researchers identified Gq signaling pathway as crucial in hypertension, finding that inhibiting this pathway could lead to new therapies for high blood pressure patients taking multiple drugs.
Researchers found that bretylium tosylate, an old antiarrhythmic drug, prevents arrhythmias and reduces heart muscle damage after AMI. Blocking the sympathetic nervous system may be a key factor in its effectiveness.
A study on bats revealed a key region of growth plate that allowed digits to grow longer, suggesting rapid evolution. Genetic studies show that bats are closest to ferungulates, not primates or shrews.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Medicine suggests that high-dose vitamin E supplements may increase the risk of death. The study analyzed data from 19 major clinical trials and found a significant association between high-dose vitamin E use and increased mortality rates.
Gene expression is a complex process that translates genetic information into biological activity, impacting various diseases. NIST's Metrology for Gene Expression Program aims to evaluate and standardize microarray analysis techniques to ensure quality and comparability.
A new antibody treatment has shown promise in slowing or halting Crohn's disease by blocking the production of inflammatory proteins. The treatment was safe and effective in reducing symptoms in patients with active Crohn's disease.
Researchers at NIST have developed a method to grow well-formed, single-crystal zinc oxide nanowires with precise alignments using gold nanoparticles as anchors. The technique produces horizontal semiconductor wires only 3 nanometers in diameter, overcoming the challenge of working with atomic-scale components.
Indiana University researchers found that genes can move from plant parasites to host plants, establishing parasitism as a medium for horizontal gene transfer. The discovery complements previous findings showing the opposite process, and suggests that plant parasitism has been a key mechanism of gene exchange between species.
Researchers found that oxygen in the atmosphere appeared at least 100 million years before its supposed debut with the carbon cycle perturbation. The discovery suggests a complex process involving mantle plume volcanoes and cyanobacteria, leading to an increase in oxygen levels over millions of years.