Articles tagged with Pediatrics
The Atherosclerosis Prevention in Pediatric Lupus Erythematosus (APPLE) trial will study the effect of statins on preventing buildup of fat in arteries. The trial aims to find a new method of preventing cardiac disease in lupus patients.
A study of children with Medicaid insurance found that they received antibiotics for only 41% of the year, despite being at risk for nearly 60% of the time. The lack of antibiotic use puts these children at high risk of developing serious infections and sometimes dying.
A recent study identified 35 genes that may be linked to prognosis in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML), providing new insights into the disease. These unexpected genes were found independently of current classification methods and separated patients into high- and low-risk groups.
A new screening tool called STEPP helps predict posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children after a traumatic injury. The tool assesses event-related factors, physiological reactions, and psychological responses to identify at-risk children, allowing for early referral and intervention.
A new study provides a precise formula to lower CT radiation doses for pediatric patients, reducing abdominal doses by up to 80%. The technique charts offer guidance for both head and body CT scans for children from infancy to adolescence.
Pediatricians are urging parents to limit their child's exposure to smoking in movies to reduce the chances of starting to smoke and drink. Research suggests that adolescents see thousands of depictions of smoking by movie stars, influencing their attitude and behavior.
A study published in Pediatrics found that children with migraines experience significant impairment in school functioning and emotional well-being. The researchers surveyed 572 children and adolescents, revealing that quality of life is negatively affected across all areas of functioning compared to healthy peers.
A recent study has identified GATA4 gene mutations as a primary cause of human cardiac septal defects, which are characterized by the incomplete formation of the heart's four chambers. The discovery is significant, as it may one day enable doctors to prevent congenital heart defects by fixing the problem before birth.
Researchers from Oregon Health & Science University have developed the first comprehensive guidelines for treating brain injuries in children, addressing key issues such as airway management and surgical options. The guidelines aim to improve treatment consistency and outcomes across hospitals and clinicians worldwide.
A study published in Pediatrics found that hospitalized children experience high rates of adverse events, including birth trauma and post-operative infections. Children are vulnerable due to unique circumstances such as universal hospitalization for birth and inability to provide consent, leading to delayed treatment.
A team approach combining medical tests, operative biopsies, and precise surgery successfully cured 31 of 34 newborns with focal congenital hyperinsulinism (HI). The procedure involves removing the diseased portion of the pancreas while preserving the rest of the organ.
A new multi-center study confirms the effectiveness and safety of infliximab in treating pediatric Crohn's disease, leading to significant short-term medical benefits and a reduced need for steroids. The study shows improved symptoms such as pain, growth rates, and bowel movements, with no adverse reactions at infusion sites.
A study found that pediatricians prescribe medication for pediatric insomnia more frequently than previously thought. The likelihood of prescribing medication is higher in children with ADHD and special needs. Behavioral therapy or failed treatments are often combined with sleep medications.
Dr. Coughlin's research involves manipulating immune cells to recognize and kill tumors and viruses, holding promise for cancer treatment and vaccine delivery in children. She will present her work at the Society for Pediatric Research Annual Meeting and receive an award recognizing her leadership and contributions to pediatric research.
A study by Brown University found that medical residents feel unprepared to break bad news to kids and parents due to inadequate training. The residents ranked their comfort levels in sharing bad news with pediatric patients as lower than with adult patients.
A study of pediatric residents found that sleep deprivation significantly impair their ability to drive safely, with difficulty maintaining lane position and speed. Researchers suggest implementing strategies like planned naps and taxi services to mitigate the effects of fatigue on resident safety.
A recent UB study found that childhood obesity is on the rise, associated with multiple medical consequences including type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that early intervention at preschool level can help prevent obesity-related issues.
A new device, Vigilance', has been shown to significantly reduce microbial contamination in neonatal intensive care units, sparing premature infants from infection-causing organisms. The device uses ultraviolet germicidal irradiation and decreased the risk of chronic lung disease and hospital stays.
A recent study conducted at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center found that approximately one in five mothers who visited the pediatric emergency department or a well-child clinic had depression. The study also revealed that 76% of these mothers reported difficulty caring for their children due to their depressive symptoms.
Children from low-income families have lower birth weights and are shorter in stature than higher-income peers by age one. Proper nutrition through breast milk is crucial for healthy growth, while early introduction of baby food can hinder development.
A new study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that intensive toilet training before 27 months may not provide clear benefits, but also takes longer and can be frustrating. The research suggests that parents should consider their child's individual readiness and family situation when deciding to initiate training.
A new study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has identified heart abnormalities in obese children, revealing significant differences in the function of their hearts. The study used tissue Doppler imaging to assess diastolic function, finding that the hearts of obese children were stiffer and less able to fill with blood.
Scientific studies have found no link between vaccines and chronic diseases such as asthma and food allergies. Reducing vaccination rates can lead to increased rates of preventable infectious diseases, according to the article co-authored by Dr. Paul Offit.
A study published in Pediatrics found that many male residents don't perform regular testicular self-exams and teach the technique to their patients. The most common reason cited was a lack of time, with only 29% of residents performing monthly self-exams.
A study found that many doctors' offices struggled to consistently obtain enough Prevnar vaccine, with over half reporting they had run out completely in the past year. The nation's 'patchwork' system of vaccination, driven by varying state practices and private insurance, contributed to these inconsistencies.
African-American infants are disproportionately affected by sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) due to sleeping on non-crib surfaces or sharing a bed with adults. The study highlights the need for public awareness campaigns to address this racial disparity and promotes the use of cribs as the only safe places for sleeping babies.
A recent study found that up to 63% of pediatric practices in the Washington D.C. area contradict their own policies on confidential care for adolescents when answering phone calls.
A study of Canadian children with shaken baby syndrome found nearly 20% died, 55% suffered lasting neurologic injuries, and 65% experienced visual impairment. The authors estimate at least 40 cases occur annually, calling for further research on prevention strategies.
A study published in the American Journal of Transplantation found that 94% of compliant pediatric patients were recommended for transplant, compared to 62% of non-compliant patients. The researchers also discovered that children from more educated parents were more likely to be referred for transplantation.
A survey of over 900 parents found that allowing children to play with toy guns is more common among males, Caucasians, older children, and mothers. Parents' attitudes on toy gun play were influenced by the child's age, parent's gender, and family's racial background.
A new study by Dr. Needleman found that convicted juveniles had significantly higher levels of lead in their bones compared to non-delinquent controls. The researchers suggest that childhood lead exposure may be a significant cause of juvenile delinquency, leading to increased aggression and antisocial behavior.
Researchers found that desflurane improved neurologic outcomes in piglets undergoing low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass, reducing brain injury and abnormal heart rhythms. The study suggests desflurane may protect the brain and nervous system during heart surgery, improving quality of life for survivors.
Preterm infants exhibit intense moods, withdrawal to new stimuli, and irregular bodily functions at 6 weeks, but these challenges resolve by six months and 12 months as they adapt to full-term infant-like behavior, according to a study published in the Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics.
A groundbreaking study by Dr. Jorge Bezerra at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has identified a genetic underpinning to biliary atresia, the most common reason for liver transplant in children. The discovery points to a potential role of cytokines in driving an inflammatory response against the body's own tissues.
Researchers found a significant correlation between maternal placenta inflammation and infant neurological function decline. The study revealed chorioamnionitis as a key cause of perinatal brain injury, potentially leading to new diagnostic tests and preventive strategies.
Researchers from the University of California - Irvine discovered that even a single intense bout of exercise in teens and preteens raises cellular chemicals associated with disease while building muscle mass and increasing fitness. The study suggests a need to determine how much exercise is too much for healthy children.
Researchers found that more than 80 percent of patients experienced postoperative fevers, but most were caused by non-serious complications. The study provides valuable insights into the incidence of postoperative complications in children undergoing hemispherectomies and may lead to changes in post-operative care protocols.
A new study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that a woman's level of education is the strongest predictor of whether she will smoke before, during, and after pregnancy. The study also discovered that women with higher levels of education had significantly lower smoking rates compared to those with lower educatio...
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital present findings on using amniotic fluid cells for tissue engineering, reducing complications in fetal biopsy. The hospital also highlights concerns about children's health in the event of a bioterrorism attack and environmental factors affecting school-going children.
A new study suggests that antibiotics are not always beneficial for childhood ear infections, with some cases clearing up on their own. The review also found that giving children a flu shot can reduce the likelihood of otitis by 30 percent during flu season.
The OHSU team will develop three miniaturized ultrasound devices that can be inserted into the heart to provide treatment through a single catheter, eliminating the need for invasive surgeries and improving patient outcomes. The devices will feature Doppler imaging and high-frequency sound waves to detect and treat abnormal heart rhythms.
The UT Southwestern and U.T. Dallas are receiving a $8 million NIH grant to establish the first national clinical trials network for Sickle Cell Disease. The center will focus on treatment and research initiatives to improve patient outcomes.
Children's Hospital researchers estimate national costs associated with bicycle handlebar-related injuries, which can result in lengthy hospital stays and long-term disability. The study recommends adopting safer designs and educating parents on choosing and maintaining bicycles to minimize the risk of such injuries.
Researchers have found a link between flexible joints and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), with 60% of CFS patients exhibiting joint hypermobility. This discovery may provide insight into the development of CFS symptoms, which appear in early childhood.
Studies of 39 adults born with genital ambiguity found that most were satisfied with their assigned sex and had good physical and sociological outcomes. The research suggests that families and doctors should consider individual needs when making decisions about gender assignment.
A team of biomedical engineers and pediatric cardiologists are developing new technologies to assist surgeons in surgical planning for Fontan treatment. They aim to improve the efficiency and customization of the procedure, leading to better outcomes for young heart patients.
A recent study found that teenagers value honesty, nonjudgmental care, and a provider's expertise in building trust. Long-term relationships with doctors who take the time to listen and understand their concerns are essential for adolescents' medical care and well-being.
Researchers followed 205 California-born children and their parents from birth to age 6, finding no evidence that bedsharing leads to sleep disorders or psychosexual development problems. The study suggests responsible bedsharing may even promote intimacy and positive relationships in childhood.
A new study published in Pediatrics recommends screening for medical problems and addressing treatment barriers when treating overweight children. Healthcare providers face challenges such as parental resistance, patient lack of motivation, and insufficient support services, hindering effective treatment.
The American Academy of Neurology has released new guidelines for neuroimaging in premature and low-birth-weight infants. The guidelines recommend screening cranial ultrasonography for all preterm neonates under 30 weeks gestation, with follow-up imaging at 36-40 weeks gestation.
Dr. Krol will work to engage pediatricians and family practitioners to advocate on behalf of Medicaid dental program improvements. She aims to incorporate oral health education into pediatric residency training programs at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center.
Victor Nizet's award-winning research focuses on understanding the production of toxins by group A and B streptococcus in children, shedding light on potential treatments and disease prevention strategies. His work also explores anti-microbial peptides and the mechanism behind group B strep's ability to cause meningitis.
The UC Davis Community Partnerships with Pediatricians for Healthy Children program provides medical residents a grassroots experience in disadvantaged neighborhoods. The program, funded by the $1.8 million Dyson Foundation grant, links residents with community collaboratives to identify and solve health issues.
A study found that 14- to 18-year-olds have a high prevalence of alcohol and drug disorders, with over half having used substances in the past year. A new screening tool, CRAFFT, was effective in identifying teens at risk.
The IU Pediatrics Training Program, funded by a $2.5 million Anne E. Dyson Foundation grant, focuses on patient advocacy and community-based care. Pediatric residents will work with families served by organizations such as the Hispanic Education Center and Julian Center to improve their health outcomes.
Three Columbia University dental students, Ms. Gao, Mr. Zhang, and Mr. Reyes, were selected for the prestigious NIDCR summer dental student award program. They gained hands-on experience in research and received access to state-of-the-art laboratories and technologies, enabling them to undertake valuable research initiatives.
A team of researchers will study the role of Rac2, a protein important in phagocytic blood cell function, using mice that lack a functional Rac2 gene and exhibit immune system defects. The long-term goal is to develop novel approaches to control phagocyte function and disease.
Historical evidence suggests that smallpox vaccination poses significant risks to certain populations, including children under one year old and those with compromised immune systems. Researchers estimate that 25% of the US population would need to be excluded from a vaccination campaign due to high-risk factors.
Research finds that babies fully breastfed for six months have a significantly lower risk of pneumonia and recurrent ear infections compared to those who are fully breastfed for only four months. The study also shows an increased protection against gastrointestinal infections with longer breastfeeding duration.
A UCLA study found that despite efforts to educate parents, 55% of antibiotic prescriptions for respiratory illnesses are unnecessary. The research also showed that doctors are more likely to prescribe antibiotics if they sense parent expectation, highlighting the need for better communication and culturally appropriate education.