Articles tagged with Pediatrics
The US lags behind Norway in providing maternity leave and support for breastfeeding mothers, potentially discouraging continued breastfeeding. Implementing policies that prioritize flexibility and respect for mother's feeding choices can encourage higher rates of breastfeeding and promote a healthier society.
A retrospective study found that closing PFOs and atrial septal defects with transcatheter devices is a safe treatment option for children and young adults who have had a stroke. Most patients remained symptom-free months after the procedure.
A Hopkins study found that pediatricians rarely screen patients for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), with 62% citing a lack of knowledge about screening tools. Screening for ASD is crucial to prevent poorer outcomes in children with developmental disorders, but current national efforts may not be effective.
Developed by Johns Hopkins Medicine, online calculators and computerized drug ordering systems significantly reduce medication errors in children. Studies show that these systems can prevent up to 17-18 errors per 100 chemotherapy orders, particularly in pediatric oncology centers.
Research highlights the economic burden of daycare-associated illnesses, boosts newborn immunity, identifies predictors of repeat pregnancies among teen mothers, and discusses parental consent in substance abuse research. The studies also explore growth hormone treatment for children with short stature.
A new study found a strong connection between colic and postpartum depression in demographically diverse women. 19% of mothers reported moderate to severe symptoms of postpartum depression, while 8% reported their babies were difficult to console.
A three-year study of pediatric residents found that working 80 hours per week led to less fatigue and better patient care. Reduced work hours had the most pronounced effect on first-year residents, who reported fewer issues with patient care, communication, and procedures.
The hospital's pediatric radiologists use 64-slice CT scanners with 2D and 3D images to evaluate pediatric trauma cases, providing a more accurate diagnosis and treatment plan. This superior imaging method improves patient outcomes by helping surgeons decide whether to perform surgery or monitor the patient closely.
A study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center found that primary care physicians discuss safety devices with parents for less than five minutes, on average. Parents reported being educated about car seats and smoke detectors most frequently.
A recent study found that only 3.7% of parents received a referral to an appropriate community agency by their pediatrician due to childhood aggression concerns. Pediatricians cite difficulties in identifying local resources and insurance issues as major barriers.
A recent study found that mothers often inaccurately perceive their children's body weight, with those who described their children as having good or excellent health status being more likely to have overweight children. The study highlights the importance of effective communication between pediatricians and parents in addressing child...
A new study at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has successfully reduced verbal medical order errors to zero through the implementation of a simple read-back process. The study involved 70 consecutive orders, resulting in an error rate of 9.1 percent, with most errors being dosages that would not have affected safety.
A clinical decision support tool improved doctors' diagnostic accuracy by 12.5% and reduced errors of omission by 10%, suggesting its potential to reduce preventable medical errors.
Researchers propose a $500 million upfront investment to secure a 12-month vaccine supply, protecting 11,000 daily births from potential shortages. The CDC's six-month plan is deemed unclear given the actual production interruption timelines.
Research supports pioneering hypothesis that infants' immature immune systems allow them to accept transplanted organs from mismatched blood groups. This results in improved infant survival and expands the potential donor pool.
The FDA has granted a priority review of REMICADE for the treatment of children with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease. In the REACH trial, nearly 90% of pediatric patients achieved clinical response at week 10 and over half were in clinical remission at one year.
A study published in Liver Transplantation found that pediatric liver transplant patients waited significantly longer than in the past, with an average waiting time of over 10 years. The number of pediatric patients on the waitlist increased only slightly, while the mortality rate remained high, particularly among young children.
This study compares pregnancy risks and outcomes among babies born to foreign-born Asian-Indian, U.S.-born Asian-Indian, foreign-born Mexican, and U.S.-born Mexican mothers. Foreign-born Asian-Indian women face higher rates of low birth weight and small for gestational age babies despite a low-risk socio-demographic profile.
A study found that black and Hispanic parents are more dissatisfied with special needs healthcare due to language barriers and inadequate care. The research suggests that providing adequate medical interpreter services for Latino families and family-centered care can improve satisfaction rates for black families.
The editorial emphasizes that media has both positive and negative impacts on children's lives. Researchers call for further research to understand the role of media in shaping child health and well-being. They aim to explore ways to optimize media's benefits while minimizing its drawbacks.
Mental retardation diagnosis is crucial for early intervention and management, emphasizing a multidisciplinary approach to determine the level and kinds of supports needed. Effective care also involves promoting independence and providing ongoing health surveillance to address comorbid conditions.
A study of 407 children with early childhood cavities found that only 8.2% were underweight and 16.5% at risk of being overweight in 2000. In contrast, more recent data showed a higher percentage of overweight children, suggesting a connection between poor diet and tooth decay and childhood obesity.
A study found that owning alcohol-branded items increased the likelihood of initiating alcohol use in teens. Students who owned these items were 1.5 times more likely to start drinking than those who didn't, according to researchers.
Researchers from the University of Cincinnati found a significant correlation between negative religious coping mechanisms and higher rates of depressive symptoms among primary-care residents. The study suggests that addressing spiritual needs may help mitigate the effects of training-related stress on mental health.
Researchers found a significant improvement in children's breathing and oxygen levels when wearing PAP therapy masks. However, adherence to treatment remains a challenge, with parents often overestimating usage and many children not using the device consistently.
A new study suggests that double transplants using organs from children's kidneys or older adults' kidneys can achieve excellent patient survival and kidney function. The study used kidneys from donors aged 22 months and 65 years, with similar short-term outcomes to single transplants.
A Johns Hopkins study found that emergency departments across the US struggle to stabilize children in critical conditions, with many failing to administer life-saving treatments. The researchers suggest that hospitals conduct regular drills to identify areas for improvement and enhance their pediatric care.
A national survey found that 78% of hospitals do not require general pediatricians to be board certified at the time of initial privileging, but 70% require it at some point during their tenure. Many hospitals have no specific time limit for certification,
A study by Dr. Rebecca Ichord found that delays in diagnosing stroke in children are common, and improved knowledge of stroke symptoms could lead to better outcomes. Strokes in children may be caused by underlying illnesses like sickle cell disease or whiplash injuries.
A new study by UF researchers reveals that children living in the South are up to three times more likely to experience poor health outcomes, including obesity, teen pregnancy, and death. The study attributes these risks to complex social, economic, and public policies in the region.
Researchers emphasize the need for proactive measures from pediatricians in early childhood to prevent skin cancer. Pediatricians can play a vital role by counseling children and their parents about UV protection, using sunscreen, and wearing protective clothing.
Pediatric trauma patients treated in children's hospitals had significantly lower mortality rates, lengths of stay, and hospital bills compared to adult hospitals. The study analyzed nearly 80,000 pediatric trauma cases and found that nearly 90% of injured children were treated at adult hospitals or children's units within them.
A recent study found that babies breastfed for six months have a significant reduction in respiratory illnesses, including pneumonia and ear infections. The study's lead author says the findings support the recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding for six months, which also provides protection against gastrointestinal infections.
A recent investigation by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission found that home paper shredder injuries disproportionately affect young children, with 71% of cases involving kids under 12 years old. The study highlights the dangers of easy access to shredders and lack of safety features, such as on/off switches and release mechanisms.
Research by Saint Louis University finds that SIDS strikes premature babies six weeks later than full-term infants. Doctors emphasize the need for SIDS prevention counseling beyond four months for preterm infants.
A regional study found that 92% of contemporary movies depicted alcohol use, with kids exposed to about 8 hours of it through films. Higher exposure to movie alcohol use at age 10-14 predicted future drinking in teens.
Researchers found that group B coxsackieviruses infect cells through an indirect route, utilizing signaling pathways and exploiting more accessible receptors. This understanding may lead to future therapies to block viral infections and contribute to clinical benefits.
A study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that most snowmobiling injuries in children are caused by ejection, falls or collisions. Education on helmet use, reducing speeds and increasing state regulations can significantly reduce these types of injuries.
The study illustrates 12 disease pairs and their therapeutic implications, including the use of severe caloric or protein restriction to treat diseases such as kidney failure and morbid obesity. Researchers propose considering genetic, infectious, and metabolic influences when looking for treatments, particularly in regard to HIV/AIDS.
Pediatric oncologists play a crucial role in guiding patients and their families through complex treatment decisions. Effective communication is key to empowering parents to make informed choices, and clinicians must explore patient values to facilitate better decision-making.
Dr. Olson and Dr. Abraham Rudolph receive the Pollin Prize for their work on congenital heart disease and gene control. Their research has advanced understanding and treatment of this common birth defect.
Researchers have found that women are increasingly represented among pediatric medical subspecialties, with more than 70% of practitioners in certain areas such as adolescent medicine and neurodevelopment being women. The trend is seen in 17 out of the 16 specialties studied.
Adolescent sports-related deaths from commotio cordis can be reduced with timely CPR and defibrillator use. The study suggests that accessible AEDs and CPR-trained coaches at organized sporting events are crucial in delivering effective first-responder therapy.
A research review of 42 studies found that viewing on-screen smoking increases the likelihood of teens starting to smoke. Eliminating tobacco scenes from youth-rated films could substantially reduce smoking initiation in adolescents.
A randomized controlled trial of 275 uninsured Latino children found that community-based case management resulted in a significant increase in insured children, with 96% obtaining health insurance compared to 57% without case managers. The intervention also showed improved parental satisfaction and faster insurance enrollment.
A new study at Boston Children's Hospital found that most children with severe congenital heart defects can safely participate in exercise programs. The 12-week program improved cardiac function and reduced anxiety in the children, who were motivated by games and activities tailored to their interests.
A study by Keith Barrington and Annie Janvier found that hospital policies, staff training, and parent expectations significantly influence neonatal resuscitation decisions. The authors advocate for better documentation to ensure clear decision-making processes.
A study found that 60% of healthcare providers, parents, and childcare workers knew the national guidelines for common childhood ailments only 60% of the time. Temporary exclusions are designed to prevent disease spread, but inconsistent application can lead to contentious issues between parents and caregivers.
Two studies by nephrologists at Texas Children's Hospital reveal that mild renal insufficiency is linked to poor outcomes in children with acute decompensated heart failure. Additionally, the research shows that hypertension in children is a silent disease that requires early screening and management.
The new CD-ROM provides a wide range of resources, including patient education brochures, professional educational materials, and web links to numerous useful resources. The CD-ROM has been overwhelmingly approved by healthcare professionals, who will use it to better understand and manage childhood rheumatic diseases.
A study of 3,530 elementary school students found that 22% were involved in bullying, either as a victim or bully. Psychologically distressed children are more likely to be involved in some form of bullying, and those who struggle academically are more likely to be victims and bully-victims.
A new study reveals a strong association between prolonged bottle-feeding and iron deficiency among Mexican-American infants, affecting up to 17% of this population. The longer children were bottle-fed, the higher their risk of iron deficiency, with 36.8% of Mexican American children still bottle-fed at 24-48 months.
Research finds significant regional variations in US low birth weight rates, with some areas having rates up to 3 times higher than others despite controlling for established risk factors like race and socioeconomic status. The study suggests that improvements in social and healthcare systems can lead to better neonatal outcomes.
A study found that gun-safety counseling improved safe storage practices among gun-owning families, with 50.9% of intervention group families showing improvement compared to 12.3% of control group families. Gun locks also significantly reduced the risk of injury.
A new study found that pediatricians frequently neglect to follow up on children who fail initial hearing screenings, leaving them without necessary treatment. This can lead to delayed diagnosis of hearing loss and potentially irreversible language delays in young children.
Researchers identified the DCDC2 gene as a significant contributor to dyslexia, disrupting brain circuitry that enables reading. The study's findings have the potential to lead to early and accurate diagnoses, as well as more effective educational programs for individuals with dyslexia.
Virginia Stallings, M.D., a leading researcher in pediatric nutrition, has been elected to the Institute of Medicine. Her work focuses on nutrition-related growth failure in children with chronic medical conditions, establishing national standards for nutritional care.
Pediatricians report encountering vaccine refusal in 85% of cases, with the most common reasons being safety concerns, philosophical reasons, and religious beliefs. Some physicians may choose to dismiss families from their practice if parental vaccine refusal is not addressed.
A study by Catherine Limperopoulos, PhD, found that the cerebellum grows rapidly late in gestation and is tightly interconnected with the cerebral hemispheres. Premature babies with cerebellar damage experience significant developmental delays, including motor problems, functional limitations, and global developmental delays.
A Canadian paper comments on a decline in cystic fibrosis birth rates since the onset of genetic testing. The study found that newborns with cystic fibrosis had lower birth weights and were at higher risk of prematurity compared to non-affected children.