Articles tagged with Pediatrics
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Chronic drowsiness in teens can be a sign of an underlying sleep disorder, according to a new report. The study highlights the importance of rigorous pediatric sleep histories to diagnose potential conditions.
The new guidelines emphasize the importance of open communication between parents, camp officials, and medical professionals about a child's health needs. Camps are advised to provide parents with detailed information about their programs, including risks associated with certain activities, and to have staff trained in first aid and CPR.
A recent study by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that the Medicaid system fails to identify 28% of children in foster care. The study also discovered that nearly 40% of these children never visited a healthcare provider after being placed in foster care, highlighting concerns about unmet medical needs.
The lack of effective cancer therapy access in developing countries is a pressing issue, with over 60% of children lacking treatment options. Experts propose twinning partnerships between institutions to improve pediatric cancer care through education and training.
Pediatric oncologist Peter C. Adamson emphasizes the need for targeted treatments that spare healthy cells, reducing toxic side effects. The Institute of Medicine report proposes a public-private partnership to develop new pediatric anticancer drugs.
Researchers found that using limited amounts of chemotherapy improved outcomes in 86.4% of patients and overall survival rates of 95.9%. Factors such as bone marrow count and extra chromosomes were key predictors of response to less intensive treatment.
A study found that approximately 30,000 US children have short stature due to non-growth hormone deficiency Primary IGF-1 deficiency. This suggests one-third to half of idiopathic short stature cases can be re-classified as Primary IGFD.
A phase 2 trial of MIBG therapy shows an overall response rate of 35 percent in children with refractory or relapsed neuroblastoma. The treatment selectively targets tumor cells and has a lower risk of toxic effects on blood cells compared to conventional treatments.
Children under five are most likely to die waiting for a liver transplant due to organ shortage. Living donor liver transplantation offers better graft and patient survival rates for pediatric patients.
A recent study by University of Vermont researchers found that a majority of US children are hospitalized at non-children's hospitals, with over one in twenty visits being for mental health conditions. The study also highlighted disparities in care, including higher rates of hospitalization among low-income patients and teenagers.
A study found that trampoline injuries among children increased significantly between 1990 and 2002, with 91% of injuries occurring at home. The incidence of severe injuries requiring hospitalization also rose dramatically during this period.
A survey of 1,800 parents found that most prefer a combination of restrictive and instructive strategies to monitor their children's media usage. The study also revealed that parental concerns about media use's negative effects are linked to increased limiting or discussing content with kids.
The study reveals that type 2 diabetes now accounts for up to 45% of new cases among adolescents globally. Rising obesity rates are particularly alarming in certain ethnic groups, including Native Americans and Pima Indians, who have the world's highest recorded rate of Type 2 diabetes.
Research reveals a correlation between soft drink consumption and childhood obesity risk, highlighting the importance of promoting healthier beverages in schools. Experts emphasize the need for strengthening existing nutrition programs over contracts with soft drink companies to combat this issue.
New treatments for pediatric HIV infection were not always used as recommended by guidelines, with single and dual NRTI regimens being most frequent from 1987-1997. From 1998-2003, 22% of children initiated ART with unapproved regimens, and switching risk decreased with age but increased with year of initiation.
Researchers discovered a new genetic disease, Nephrogenic Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis (NSIAD), in two infants who were retaining excess fluids and diluting sodium levels in their blood. The condition is caused by mutations in the AVPR2 gene that affects vasopressin binding, leading to inappropriate antidiuresis.
A three-question model asks about parental smoking habits and home environment to gauge ETS exposure risk. The study used hair samples to measure cotinine levels, finding that parental reports often underestimated child exposure.
A new screening tool has been developed to assess children's exposure to secondhand smoke by asking caregivers about smoking factors in the home. The tool, which correlates with hair cotinine levels, can help pediatricians identify high-risk children and facilitate assessment in busy practices.
A review of treatments for pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in children reveals an acute need for more research into diagnosing the condition. The study found that only four per cent of blood clots in children presented without any risk factors, highlighting the importance of recognizing symptoms.
A Hopkins study found that treating older children with amblyopia can be effective in improving vision. The research challenged traditional age-based treatment guidelines, showing success in teenagers as young as 13. While some visual impairment remains, the treatment offers hope for improved sight.
Researchers found that freedom from rejection after 12 months was 10% higher with those treated with CellCept (63%) compared to azathioprine (53%). Additionally, the one-year survival rate was significantly better in CellCept patients (96%), compared to only 87% of AZA patients.
A study analyzing 2002 claims data from two large private health insurers in Washington state found that 83.6% of insured children had any insurance claims, with 6.2% using an alternative professional during the year. CAM use was more likely among children with cancer, low back pain, and adult family members who used CAM.
The supplement highlights the need for pediatricians to engage with communities to confront health problems such as obesity, mental health concerns, and violence. Pediatricians are becoming more sensitive to socioeconomic status and child health outcomes, and models for community-based approaches are being developed.
A survey of 580 ethnically diverse Northern California ninth-graders found that teens considered oral sex less risky and socially acceptable than vaginal sex. However, most participants underestimated the risk of sexually transmitted infections due to oral sex.
A review article highlights the importance of engaging physicians-in-training in community health initiatives to combat issues like obesity, violence, and mental health disorders. The authors emphasize that each community and residency program has unique needs, requiring tailored training models.
A new study by UMaine researchers found that consistency in sleeping arrangements is crucial for infants' nighttime sleep. The study suggests that changing sleeping arrangements can be disruptive to sleep and contribute to night-time anxiety in infants.
The study found that Twist1 and Hand2 proteins couple to determine the number of digits on a hand, paw or wing, and whether these digits are webbed or not. Additionally, the researchers identified high-frequency mutations in patients with Saethre-Chotzen Syndrome, which may lead to cardiac and placental tissue defects.
A study of 160 children found that 65% were exposed to violence, leading to traumatic stress reactions and poor health outcomes such as allergies, asthma, and ADHD. Clinical interventions to improve mothers' safety and health may help protect their children from these effects.
Several herbal supplements have shown promise in reducing illnesses in children, including Andrographis paniculata, Evening primrose oil, Ivy leaf, and Valerian. These supplements may help improve symptoms of colds, asthma, and other respiratory infections in children.
Children with Progeria have lower levels of HDL cholesterol and adiponectin, contributing to accelerated plaque formation. The study aims to better understand atherosclerosis in the aging population and find treatments for this rare genetic disorder.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that motorbike-related injuries among children and adolescents are increasing, with most cases involving young boys who did not wear helmets. The researchers recommend mandatory helmet use and stricter age restrictions to prevent these types of injuries.
A new state-of-the-art hospital will provide patients in Michigan and globally with access to U-M's world-class medical care for newborns, children, and pregnant women. The proposed facility will house current services and expand research and treatment capabilities.
As millions of children with special health-care needs turn 18, researchers warn of a culture clash between pediatric and adult medicine. The influx is putting pressure on healthcare systems, with patients facing difficulties in receiving adequate pain relief and accessing comprehensive care.
A study published in Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine found that parental attitudes toward STD vaccinations are not significantly influenced by the type of infection, with most parents prioritizing vaccine effectiveness and prevention of fatal infections. Only 6% of parents expressed an aversion to STD vaccines in general.
A randomized controlled clinical trial found oral rehydration therapy (ORT) to be as effective as intravenous fluid therapy in rehydrating moderately dehydrated children. ORT is quicker, less invasive and allows parents to learn a skill that can be used at home for future illnesses.
A Family's Guide to Living with HIV is a comprehensive resource providing detailed information on the disease, its treatment, and its impact on daily life. The book also focuses on supporting psychological concerns, nutrition, education, and social activities for patients and their families.
Researchers at Brenner Children's Hospital will conduct four clinical trials to find the best treatments for children with heart conditions. The hospital hopes to renew its participation in the network after two years, offering patients access to cutting-edge treatment advances and better health outcomes.
Hospitalized children experience preventable adverse events at significantly lower rates than adults, with birth-related and diagnostic errors being the most common types. The study suggests that processes and systems leading to adverse events in children may differ from those in adults.
Researchers found that families with good relationships with their pediatricians received more advice on injury prevention issues, leading to better behavior changes. The study suggests that establishing a trust-based relationship between parents and doctors can lead to improved health outcomes.
A Mayo Clinic study analyzed data from the Rochester Epidemiology Project and found a stable incidence of autism until 1988-1991, then increased with new diagnostic criteria and special education laws. Researchers identified 124 children meeting current diagnostic criteria for autism out of 3,000 with related diagnoses.
The new guidelines provide a comprehensive review of related studies on the most effective medicines to treat migraine attacks and prevent attacks in children with frequent migraines. However, the authors found insufficient evidence to recommend the use of certain preventive agents, such as cyproheptadine and amitriptyline.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia studied 25 newborns born with congenital heart defects and found significantly lower cerebral blood flow, associated with periventricular leukomalacia, a condition linked to cognitive problems. The study suggests that abnormal neurological conditions may play a role even before surgery.
Researchers found that low-glycemic-load diets resulted in smaller decreases in resting energy expenditure and less hunger compared to standard low-fat diets. The study also showed significant improvements in insulin resistance and risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
A survey of pediatricians found that only a few were knowledgeable about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies, with most citing concerns about side effects or delays in seeking medical care. Despite this, 87% of patients had asked their pediatrician about CAM therapies in the past three months.
A study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology found that children who eat concentrated peanut products frequently have a lower chance of having their peanut allergy recur. The researchers recommend that these children maintain tolerance by consuming peanut products at least once a month.
A recent study found that most pediatricians significantly underestimate the severity of adolescent substance use, with only 10% accurate assessments of 'dependence'. The use of a structured screening tool, like the CRAFFT test, can help improve identification of adolescents at risk.
A NICHD study suggests that pediatricians can assist immigrant mothers in identifying potential problems with their children's development. The researchers found that Asian and Latino mothers scored lower on a survey measuring knowledge of infant development, but they were knowledgeable about physical health and safety guidelines.
Researchers found that PBSC transplants were associated with higher rates of mortality and chronic graft-versus-host disease compared to bone marrow transplants. This suggests a potential need for re-evaluation of transplant approaches in pediatric patients.
The ERICCA project aims to integrate electronic health records to improve asthma care for children. The system will facilitate communication among care providers, allow inter-disciplinary care planning, and provide clinical decision support.
A clinical trial found that daily and weekend administration of atropine sulfate eye drops have similar improvement in children with amblyopia, a condition affecting 3% of US children. The study suggests weekend drops may relieve parent burden while encouraging treatment compliance.
Children under 3 years old are prone to swallowing foreign objects, with up to 20% needing surgical removal. Swallowing multiple magnets can lead to severe complications like obstruction, necrosis, and perforation of the intestines.
A recent study published in Pediatrics highlights the need to prevent injuries to children on farms, which have an increased risk of serious and fatal injury compared to children in general. The authors recommend developing effective programs to address this issue, including education, regulations, and technological improvements.
A group of experts recommends incorporating environmental health into pediatric medical and nursing education, citing gaps in current curricula. The study aims to equip healthcare providers with tools to recognize, treat, and prevent diseases related to environmental factors.
Babies who received reconstituted blood during heart surgery had shorter ICU stays (70.5 hours vs 97 hours) and spent less time on mechanical ventilation (36.3 hours vs 53 hours). The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, puts to rest a decades-long debate and could save patients and blood banks money.
The CHICA system combines patient-relevant pediatrics guidelines with family information to enable tailored care. Pediatricians receive customized clinical reminders, improving health outcomes for 55,000 patients in its first year.
According to Dr. Broughton, most children reported missing are runaways or taken by noncustodial parents, not strangers. Children need to learn skills and confidence, not fear and avoidance. Parents can teach personal safety without causing unwarranted fear.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine found that using child-specific data improved quality of care for asthmatic children's hospital stays. The team reduced length and cost growth of hospital stays and readmission rates by 50% through targeted quality improvement efforts.
Researchers developed a small molecule inhibitor of the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway, HhAntag, which completely eradicated medulloblastoma tumors in mice. Long-term treatment prolonged medulloblastoma-free survival without toxic side effects.
A new study found the public spending gap between children and elders increased by 20%, with three times as many children living in poverty than elders. The major component of social welfare spending for children is education, while for elders it is Social Security.
Pediatrician Paul Wise finds that chronic illnesses like asthma and obesity are increasingly common in children due to improved medical treatments for acute conditions. Current policies fail to support chronically ill children beyond age 18, exacerbating disparities in child health.