Articles tagged with Pediatrics
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center report successful treatment of six HIV-positive children using customized medication regimens created through genotype analysis and a web-based algorithm tool. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of a salvage therapy approach in managing drug-resistant HIV infection.
A Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center team increased immunization rates in a specialty outpatient clinic from 41% to above 90%, exceeding national averages. The project used business-world strategies, including reminders and tracking systems, to address barriers and foster innovation.
A family-based self-management intervention aimed at low income adolescents with Type 1 diabetes led to better health and functioning in the short term. The program helped kids eat better and exercise more, resulting in improved physical functioning.
Experts question whether Europe can achieve ambitious environmental goals for children due to limited action taken. Prioritizing specific areas with clear disease causation and high burden is recommended.
Researchers at Saint Louis University found a potential link between adolescent marijuana use and increased risk of cerebellar strokes. Dr. Thomas Geller's study revealed three cases of teenage boys who suffered strokes after consuming large doses of marijuana.
According to Dr. George Lister, using high-dose epinephrine in children may impair organ function and survival after cardiac arrest. Limiting doses to recommended levels can reduce errors and improve outcomes.
The Cancer Survivors Center will provide care management programs to monitor treatment side effects and offer training programs for teachers and coaches. Pediatric cancer survivors will also receive parent and sibling counseling, as well as special sports/training programs to re-enter their active lives.
A study found that 45% of families reported giving their child herbal products, with many caregivers unaware of potential side effects. Parents should seek expert guidance and inform their child's pediatrician about any supplements taken to ensure safe use.
A new study found that children who stayed in the ICU for more than 48 hours after cardiac surgery were at a higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Five out of 43 children met diagnostic criteria for PTSD, with symptoms including disorganized behavior, nightmares, and concentration problems.
The TPN Calculator significantly reduced medical errors and saved time for healthcare providers. With the online calculator, errors decreased by nearly 90%, allowing caregivers to dedicate more time to patient care. The system's development preserved the existing ordering process while improving efficiency and reducing calculation errors.
A new study finds that cephalosporin drugs are more effective in treating strep throat than penicillin, with a superior bacterial cure rate. First-generation cephalosporin drugs offer the same narrow-spectrum effect as penicillin at comparable costs.
A study of 5,800 California adolescents found that gun threats were more common than self-defense instances, with most threats coming from other teenagers. The research suggests that gun use for self-defense often involves hostile interactions between teens with weapons.
A University of Pittsburgh study found that providing young women with emergency contraceptive pills at home did not lead to an increase in unprotected sex or inconsistent contraceptive use. Instead, the study showed a corresponding increase in condom use among those who received the pills.
A recent study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that children with sickle cell disease are now living up to 18 years longer than comparable statistics from 30 years ago. Modern treatments, including prophylactic penicillin and hydroxyurea, have significantly improved survival rates.
A recent UCSF study found that pediatricians' clinical judgment may be more effective than strict adherence to guidelines in managing febrile illnesses in infants. The study analyzed data from 3,066 infants and found that experienced clinicians using clinical judgment may reduce unnecessary hospitalizations and improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers found that 36% of infants were hospitalized, while 64% received treatment outside the hospital. Despite guideline non-adherence, infant mortality rates remained low.
Research suggests that pediatricians can play a crucial role in addressing postpartum depression among mothers. A study found that mothers are open to discussing their mental health concerns with pediatricians, but a trusting relationship must be established first.
Four new studies expose disparities in children's eye care based on race, income, and insurance status. Minorities and uninsured children are significantly less likely to receive eye exams or corrective lenses than their peers.
A recent study published in the Pediatrics journal found that the United States may have a surplus of pediatricians for the next 20 years. Despite fears of a shortage, researchers used a novel approach to projecting the work force and found that the experience in pediatrics differs greatly from other primary care specialties.
A study found that less than half of urban fathers regularly attend doctor's appointments with their young children. The research highlights the need for family-friendly employment policies to encourage father involvement in childcare.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have established a pediatric pharmacology research center to study drug therapies in infants and children. The center aims to address the challenges of conducting pharmacological studies in pediatric patients, who process drugs differently than adults.
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia has received a federal grant to advance research on infant heart disease. The grant will support five projects aimed at developing new treatments for congenital heart defects, including gene-based diagnoses and improved biologically-based materials for heart surgery.
The grant aims to develop novel strategies for improving pediatric heart transplant outcomes by linking basic science advances to clinical protocols. The three clinical projects focus on enhancing graft acceptance, preventing post-transplant tumors and identifying genetic markers predictive of individual transplant outcomes.
The NHLBI's Specialized Centers of Clinically Oriented Research program aims to improve treatment and outcomes for children with congenital heart defects by fostering multidisciplinary collaborations. The $68 million grant will support five new centers, each addressing a critical public health need in pediatric cardiovascular research.
The minimally invasive surgical techniques made possible by the robot system can give the same surgical result as open-chest techniques with less impact on young patients' bodies. Robot-assisted surgery may be a good option for certain defects and reduces hospital stays, operative trauma, cosmetic impact, and overall recovery time.
A nationwide study found that most pediatric residents are satisfied with their primary care training, attributing it to positive preceptor experiences. The study highlights the importance of selecting effective teachers and providing sufficient teaching opportunities for optimal outcomes.
A study published in Pediatrics found that training physicians to use computer resources significantly reduces the time spent seeking answers and increases their usage. The study also showed that resources should be tailored to address pediatricians' specific clinical questions.
A report by Dr. Simpson and Denise Dougherty highlights the need for pediatricians and parents to collaborate on improving children's health care, focusing on quality indicators and evidence-based practice. The authors recommend creating an information technology system to track health care indicators and provide better care for children.
According to a new study, 32% of autistic children use complementary and alternative medicine, with Latino children more likely to do so. The researchers caution that some CAM treatments may alleviate associated problems but not core autism symptoms.
MUHC researchers have developed a new method to diagnose and treat sleep apnea in children, significantly reducing wait times. The new approach allows for early detection and treatment of severe cases, enabling timely interventions.
Research suggests children who witness violence or hear reports of it exhibit similar levels of behavioral issues as those directly affected, with a small effect observed for personal closeness to victims.
The Healthy Steps for Young Children Program improved developmental services, parenting practices, and discipline in pediatric care. Families who participated had increased odds of receiving well-child visits, timely vaccinations, and being satisfied with care.
A study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that practice-based interventions, like the Healthy Steps Program, can improve the quality of care for young children. Participation in the program resulted in increased parental satisfaction, timely preventive care, and more developmentally-oriented services.
A study found that nearly 750 pediatricians and family practice physicians reported a rise in vaccine concerns, with many citing short-term effects and unproven allegations. Physicians must be equipped to address these concerns and provide accurate information on vaccine safety.
A survey of 743 physicians found that parents' refusal of vaccines is becoming a growing concern, with many citing fears about short-term reactions and long-term complications. Pediatricians are more likely than family physicians to provide additional information and discuss concerns with parents.
A review of scientific data found that gelatin proteins and egg proteins can cause severe hypersensitivity reactions in children with allergies. However, the quantities of other substances in vaccines are too small to demonstrate any documented reactions.
The Duct Busters team repairs patent ductus arteriosus in premature newborns with high-quality surgical care, eliminating transport risks and allowing families to stay in familiar environments. The study found no significant differences in anesthesia-related complications or surgical outcomes between on-site and off-site procedures.
Researchers found that children carrying the APOE2 gene variant were more likely to have worse cognitive and motor skills outcomes after heart surgery. The study, published in the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions, also discovered no association between APOE4 and neurodevelopmental problems in infants.
Researchers found that newborn screening for medium-chain acyl-CoA-dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) is cost-effective in detecting the condition. The study, which analyzed records of 32 patients with MCADD, showed that screening can help prevent severe outcomes and reduce medical costs over a lifetime.
A new randomized clinical trial found that patching therapy for lazy eye in children can be as effective with six-hour treatment regimens as full-time regimens. The study suggests this change may lessen the risk of patching-induced amblyopia, benefiting many children with severe degrees of amblyopia.
Studies show that outpatient-visit counseling can be an effective way to help parents quit smoking, with 78% of participants enrolling in nicotine replacement therapy and 42% receiving additional counseling. The interventions were well-received by parents, with 90% finding the program useful and wanting it offered to all smoking parents.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have developed a new gene profiling technique that could simplify diagnostic tests for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a childhood cancer with an 80% success rate due to risk-adapted therapy.
The Atherosclerosis Prevention in Pediatric Lupus Erythematosus (APPLE) trial will study the effect of statins on preventing buildup of fat in arteries. The trial aims to find a new method of preventing cardiac disease in lupus patients.
A study of children with Medicaid insurance found that they received antibiotics for only 41% of the year, despite being at risk for nearly 60% of the time. The lack of antibiotic use puts these children at high risk of developing serious infections and sometimes dying.
A recent study identified 35 genes that may be linked to prognosis in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML), providing new insights into the disease. These unexpected genes were found independently of current classification methods and separated patients into high- and low-risk groups.
A new screening tool called STEPP helps predict posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children after a traumatic injury. The tool assesses event-related factors, physiological reactions, and psychological responses to identify at-risk children, allowing for early referral and intervention.
A new study provides a precise formula to lower CT radiation doses for pediatric patients, reducing abdominal doses by up to 80%. The technique charts offer guidance for both head and body CT scans for children from infancy to adolescence.
Pediatricians are urging parents to limit their child's exposure to smoking in movies to reduce the chances of starting to smoke and drink. Research suggests that adolescents see thousands of depictions of smoking by movie stars, influencing their attitude and behavior.
A study published in Pediatrics found that children with migraines experience significant impairment in school functioning and emotional well-being. The researchers surveyed 572 children and adolescents, revealing that quality of life is negatively affected across all areas of functioning compared to healthy peers.
A recent study has identified GATA4 gene mutations as a primary cause of human cardiac septal defects, which are characterized by the incomplete formation of the heart's four chambers. The discovery is significant, as it may one day enable doctors to prevent congenital heart defects by fixing the problem before birth.
Researchers from Oregon Health & Science University have developed the first comprehensive guidelines for treating brain injuries in children, addressing key issues such as airway management and surgical options. The guidelines aim to improve treatment consistency and outcomes across hospitals and clinicians worldwide.
A study published in Pediatrics found that hospitalized children experience high rates of adverse events, including birth trauma and post-operative infections. Children are vulnerable due to unique circumstances such as universal hospitalization for birth and inability to provide consent, leading to delayed treatment.
A team approach combining medical tests, operative biopsies, and precise surgery successfully cured 31 of 34 newborns with focal congenital hyperinsulinism (HI). The procedure involves removing the diseased portion of the pancreas while preserving the rest of the organ.
A new multi-center study confirms the effectiveness and safety of infliximab in treating pediatric Crohn's disease, leading to significant short-term medical benefits and a reduced need for steroids. The study shows improved symptoms such as pain, growth rates, and bowel movements, with no adverse reactions at infusion sites.
A study found that pediatricians prescribe medication for pediatric insomnia more frequently than previously thought. The likelihood of prescribing medication is higher in children with ADHD and special needs. Behavioral therapy or failed treatments are often combined with sleep medications.
Dr. Coughlin's research involves manipulating immune cells to recognize and kill tumors and viruses, holding promise for cancer treatment and vaccine delivery in children. She will present her work at the Society for Pediatric Research Annual Meeting and receive an award recognizing her leadership and contributions to pediatric research.
A study by Brown University found that medical residents feel unprepared to break bad news to kids and parents due to inadequate training. The residents ranked their comfort levels in sharing bad news with pediatric patients as lower than with adult patients.
A study of pediatric residents found that sleep deprivation significantly impair their ability to drive safely, with difficulty maintaining lane position and speed. Researchers suggest implementing strategies like planned naps and taxi services to mitigate the effects of fatigue on resident safety.
A recent UB study found that childhood obesity is on the rise, associated with multiple medical consequences including type 2 diabetes. The study suggests that early intervention at preschool level can help prevent obesity-related issues.
A new device, Vigilance', has been shown to significantly reduce microbial contamination in neonatal intensive care units, sparing premature infants from infection-causing organisms. The device uses ultraviolet germicidal irradiation and decreased the risk of chronic lung disease and hospital stays.