Researchers discovered a new gene, GPR56, responsible for bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria, a genetic disorder affecting brain development. The study suggests GPR56 may have played a key role in the evolution of the frontal lobes and human cognitive function.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory have successfully produced infrared light from carbon nanotubes by applying electrical voltages. The discovery paves the way for potential applications in lighting and flat-panel displays due to the exceptional mechanical strength of carbon nanotubes.
The study used high-resolution commercial imagery from the IKONOS satellite to simulate future development scenarios in the Washington-Baltimore metropolitan area. It found a 39% increase in developed land between 1986 and 2000, with significant changes around the Dulles Airport area.
Researchers use computer methods and electron microscopy to understand how molecular machines interact and work together in cells. By building assembly plans for individual machines, they can connect them to form a network, providing insights into cellular structures and functions.
A new study suggests that male circumcision may protect against HIV-1 infection by removing the foreskin's high density of specific cellular targets. The study found a highly significant and specific protective effect of male circumcision on HIV-1 acquisition rates, but no protective effect against other STIs.
The Charleston earthworks, built in 1862-1863, are gradually eroding at a rate of about five millimeters a year. Researchers have been documenting the pattern and rate of this degradation to better understand natural hillslope evolution.
Research shows quality of information and empathy from healthcare providers are crucial in receiving bad news about pregnancy complications. Women want clear facts, options, and follow-up care details, as well as privacy and emotional support.
A large-scale re-analysis of data from 53 studies suggests that pregnancies ending in miscarriage or induced abortion do not increase the risk of developing breast cancer. The findings contradict previous, less reliable studies that suggested a potential link between abortion and breast cancer.
Case researchers substantiated a bacterial link to preterm birth through mouse studies, finding that Fusobacterium nucleatum from the mouth can reach the sterile womb environment. Periodontal disease and pregnancy compromise the immune system, allowing bacteria to target the placenta.
Dr. David P. Siderovski, an assistant professor at UNC School of Medicine, has been awarded the John J. Abel Award for his groundbreaking research on RGS proteins that accelerates cell signaling pathway shutdown. The award honors his contributions to drug target discovery and development.
The UK pension system is under pressure as an aging population and changes in private provision impact state and individual savings. The current system appears sustainable due to reduced generosity and reliance on means-testing, but may face challenges if people reduce private savings.
Researchers created an effective domestic violence intervention program, increasing resource use among patients and referrals to social workers. Higher body mass index before pregnancy also increases the risk of preeclampsia, with a two-fold risk at a BMI of 26 compared to 21.
A recent report by the WHO and FAO recommends restricting free sugars to less than 10% of total energy, providing scientific justification for global strategies. Dr Jim Mann's research suggests that sucrose and other free sugars contribute significantly to the global obesity epidemic, highlighting the importance of reducing sugar intake.
The Lancet editorial highlights the need for a population-based approach to reducing drinking. Primary care is crucial in identifying and managing alcohol-related problems, but current strategies lack resources and training. A coordinated funded strategy involving primary-care providers is necessary to address this issue.
A study published in The Journal of Cognitive Rehabilitation found that computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation improved treatment response for individuals with substance abuse. Participants who received the rehabilitation program stayed longer in treatment and had higher graduation rates compared to those who did not receive it.
The completed genome sequence of Cryptosporidium parvum provides new insights into the parasite's genetic makeup and biochemical pathways. This information can be used to develop early diagnosis, prevention, and treatment strategies for humans and animals affected by the parasite.
A recent report by the Association for Psychological Science reveals that media violence consistently shows a link to aggressive behavior in children. The short-term exposure to violent media can increase aggression, while long-term exposure can produce lasting increases in aggressive thought patterns and emotions.
Researchers have discovered two mosquito proteins, TEP1 and LRIM1, that kill the malaria parasite. Eliminating these proteins could block the parasite-mosquito cycle, potentially decreasing malaria prevalence.
A team of six leading ecologists warn that hatchery fish cannot save wild salmon populations, and urges NMFS to exclude them from population counts. The panel recommends protecting habitats to ensure robust wild populations, as hatcheries can dilute gene pools and alter behavior.
Researchers at UGA's SREL will conduct experiments to identify major factors affecting amphibian population persistence and responses to upland habitat alteration. The study aims to model species responses to forest management at larger scales.
The study analyzed data for 10 families of protein-coding genes in multi-celled organisms, resolving a debate over the timing of intron emergence. It found that most modern introns appeared subsequent to gene creation, contradicting the 'introns-early' view.
A recent study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that children with sickle cell disease are now living up to 18 years longer than comparable statistics from 30 years ago. Modern treatments, including prophylactic penicillin and hydroxyurea, have significantly improved survival rates.
Researchers made new discoveries about the Earth's magnetic field, Mars rover data, and post-earthquake ground movement. A thin layer in the Earth's magnetic field was observed, while a Martian rover's landing site may be coated with iron oxide, affecting water detection. GPS technology also revealed ground movement after an 8.0-magnit...